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The purpose of this study is to investigate the subjective perception types regarding preventive behavior against the COVID-19 using Q-methodology. To achieve that, 60 Q-populations were collected through in-depth interviews with medical professionals and literature review. The 25 Q-statements extracted from the Q-populations were classified by the P-samples of 28 citizens in the Cheonan and Asan regions. The classified data were then analyzed using the Ken-Q analysis program. An analysis of the results showed two groups with clearly differentiated perceptions—‘Focus on Personal Hygiene Management’ type and ‘Prevent Risk of Infecting Others’ type. Those belonging to the first type closely adhered to rules of personal hygiene and considered ‘washing hands’ as most important. Those belonging to the second type endeavored to reduce contact with other people and considered ‘wearing masks’ as most important. The results of this study will be used as basic data required for prevention and response management for new infectious diseases.

In this study, a new paradigm, e-service quality and brand image, are closely related to online food service delivery applications, nevertheless, there is no clear analysis. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of customer satisfaction on the continuous use of food service delivery applications by the image of customers who experience the service and information of food service providers posted on the delivery application. Therefore, this study aims to find a direction for food service providers to go online by analyzing the effects of e-service quality and brand image in catering delivery applications on customer satisfaction. In addition, it was intended to be used as a basis for suggesting implications that can contribute to the efficient settlement of food service and delivery applications and increase the performance of utilization. This study was conducted on consumers in their 20s to 50s or older who have experience using food service applications in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. The hypothesis was verified by performing frequency analysis, validity analysis, reliability analysis, and simple, multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 21.0 statistics package program. The summary of the results of this study is as follows. First, the effect of hypothesis 1 'foodservice delivery application e-service quality' on 'brand image' was analyzed. As a result, it was found that 'efficiency', 'fulfillment', 'system availability', and 'privacy' have a positive(+) effect on 'brand image'. Second, as a result of analyzing the effect of hypothesis 2 'brand image' on 'customer satisfaction', it was found that the 'brand image' of consumers using catering delivery applications had a positive(+) effect on 'customer satisfaction'. Third, the effect of hypothesis 3 'foodservice delivery application e-service quality' on 'customer satisfaction' was analyzed. As a result, it was found that 'system availability' and 'privacy' had a positive(+) effect on 'customer satisfaction', however, it was found that “efficiency” and “fulfillment” had no effect on ‘customer satisfaction’.

This study analyzes the importance-satisfaction of the selection attribute for customers who use delivery apps, and presents the priority of the selection attributes that are important to customers in the delivery market where the complexity of delivery app selection is emerging. I tried to suggest a way to reduce the width. A total of 240 copies were used for analysis as a sample of 60 copies each by age (20s, 30s, 40s, 50s) targeting delivery app users. The delivery app selection attributes consisted of accessibility, informationality, responsiveness, product quality, and additional services, and the importance and satisfaction were analyzed. Practical implications for issues requiring priority improvement for the sustainability of restaurants entering the delivery market and improving customer satisfaction by deriving improvement points by identifying customer needs by conducting IPA analysis on the importance of the delivery app selection attribute-satisfaction Presented. At the time when the base of the past 20s and 30s expanded to 30% of the total for those in their 40s or older, the basis for establishing an operation strategy for each age through realistic and clear performance indicators was presented through understanding the needs of customers through age differentiation.

The purpose of this study was to find out whether the type of leadership in Korean restaurants affects the job satisfaction of employees and whether the recognition of regulatory focus has a regulatory effect among job satisfaction. The survey was conducted by employees working at Korean restaurants operating in the Seoul metropolitan area for 34 days from July 1, 2020, subject to lower-level department heads and used a total of 317 effective samples as analysis data. First, the exploratory approach has divided the types of Korean restaurant leadership into rude, respectful, transformative, and transactional leadership. This study found that respectful, transformative and transactional leadership in the type of leadership had a positive effect on employee job satisfaction, while rude leadership produced statistically significant negative results in on job satisfaction. In addition, to find out if the regulatory focus recognition has a controlling effect between leadership and job satisfaction, the study showed that rude, respectful and transformative leadership affects job satisfaction. However, in terms of transactional leadership's recognition of the adjustment focus of employees, preventive focus only affected job satisfaction in low groups, and improvement focus only affected job satisfaction in stubbornness. In the case of the preceding study, regardless of the type of leadership, the adjustment-focused perception showed that Korean restaurant employees showed differences in job satisfaction and regulatory-focused perception depending on the employee's interest in transactional leadership. indicating that the sample, Korean restaurant employees, could be more effective if customized performance-based systems were introduced.

The purpose of this study is to draw the factors of local tourism governance to cope with gentrification in tourism and evaluate each factor’s order of priority. To address the goal, this study applied the AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. First of all, this researcher set up the hierarchical model and selected a group of 15 persons who were well-aware of the formation of local tourism governance as an expert panel for the survey of AHP-based pairwise comparison. For AHP analysis, web-based analysis software, ‘Make It’, was utilized. The hierarchical structure of AHP was set up as 5 main items (the security and transparency of participation, the establishment of institutional grounds and support, cooperation and trust, expertise and responsibility, & locality) and 21 detailed items. According to the findings, among the five upper factors, the most important factor in building up local tourism governance was found to be the establishment of institutional grounds and support, and the next were found to be cooperation/trust, the security/transparency of participation, expertise/responsibility, and locality in order.

A The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between emotional experience, attachment, and subjective happiness for consumer who visit up-cycling food and beverage space, and to provide basic data to continuously enjoy up-cycling space and lead happy lives. Specific objectives of this study are as follows: First, we examine the nature of up-cycling food and beverage space and the impact of emotional experiences. Second, we examine the relationship between up-cycling food and beverage properties and attachment formation. Third, check the relationship between emotional experience and subjective happiness. Finally, we examine the relationship between attachment formation and subjective happiness. The results of the verification of the theory of study conducted on the basis of the above stated objectives are as follows: First, the environmental, cultural, aesthetic, and functional characteristics of up-cycling food and beverage space increase the emotional experience and attachment formation. Also as emotional experiences and attachment formation increase, subjective happiness also increases.

The main aim of this study was to investigate types of customer incivility and service employees’ recognition towards incivility in the tourism and hospitality industries. To obtain the study purpose, the current study carried out the in-depth interviews with 15 people who have worked in the tourism and hospitality industries and experienced customer incivility. Snowball sampling was used, and the interview resulted were analyzed based on the grounded theory. As the results, The study’s findings showed that there were four types of costomer incivility, ‘verbal violence’, ‘Private request’, ‘physical threats’, ‘intimidating manner’. The major theoretical and practical implications of this study were discussed, and the limitations and comments for future research were suggested.

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, many tourist destinations were suffered from overtourism problems. After COVID-19, the phenomenon of overtourism might reappear in many tourist destinations. The purpose of this study is to present insight overtourism research of the world, and to present policy directions for solving domestic problems through the results of the research. This study considered prior research on overtourism through systematic literature review methodology. This study analyzed 166 overtourism literature of Web of Science database. Data analysis and interpretation were conducted using Excel and VOSviewer programs based on the bibliographic data of the literature. Overtourism in prior studies can be divided into overtourism crisis, overtourism phenomenon, and overtourism response policy. In cities such as Venice, the congestion of tourists and the sharing economy went into the realm of residents' lives, and it affected the negative perceptions of residents such as aversion. The quality of life of residents has deteriorated, such as congestion and gentrification. To alleviate the phenomenon of overtourism, it is important to establish governance for sustainable tourism along with a tourism development plan that takes into account the capacity of tourist destinations. This paper contributes to the literature by providing an exploratory study with which to better understand overtourism. It is suggested possible mitigation measures that might be taken by policymakers.

The purpose of this study is to figure out the influence of eco-friendly hotel characteristics, eco-friendly perceived value, emotional well-being, and eco-friendly Behavior and verify the mediating effect of eco-friendly perceived value and emotional well-being. Specimen are customer from hotel & resort in Seoul, aged 18 and above 59 and below. Survey was started at Feb. 24, 2021 for 20 days with 320 questionaries, total 288 samples were used for actual analysis. We used Jamovi program on analysis. Hypothesis test result of the study is following. H1: eco-friendly hotel characteristics has significant effect on eco-friendly behaviour. H2: eco-friendly perceived value has significant effect on emotional well-being, H3: the mediation effect of eco-friendly perceived value is partially mediated on the relationship between eco-friendly hotel characteristics and eco-friendly behaviour, H4: the mediation effect of emotional well-being is partially mediated on the relationship between eco-friendly hotel characteristics and eco-friendly behaviour.

The purpose of this study is to present improvement directions and specific marketing strategies for each HMR food type by studying the effects of dietary lifestyle, demographic factors and HMR food use patterns on HMR food type selection. HMR food types were classified as soup, noodles, rice, restaurant food/drinking snacks, and frozen foods. As a research method, the MNL(Multinomial Logit Model) was used. Among dietary lifestyles, it turns out that there is a positive(+) effect(+5% significance level) each of trend-seeking type and health-seeking type to soup and rice. Also, it appeared that there is a negative(-) effect(-10% significance level) of health-seeking type to restaurant food/drinking snacks while gastronomic type effect positively(+5% significance level). The practical implications of this study are that health-seeking type shows positive results in rice choice, whereas restaurant food/drinking snacks HMR foods are negatively affected so that they are required to take effort on improving images by marketing strategies, which highlight quality improvement or reduction of condiments usage. In the case of the trend-seeking type, as positive results have been shown in soup choice, soup HMR food needs to focus on developing new products rather than improving the quality of existing products. In addition, regarding gourmet types, tend to spare no investment in tasty food, they requires to take exertion on the accumulating information on new foods and restaurants that are rapidly changing to commercialize it as HMR food and persistent quality improvement by development of recipes.

In the reality of constant fierce competition, hotel companies can only survive by improving their services to meet the needs of customers. Relationship benefits, the same as service quality, are considered to be one of the important factors in improving hotel management and service improvement plans. Accordingly, this study aims to review the impact relationship between service quality, relationship benefits, and customer satisfaction perceived by tourists visiting the hotel. The purpose was to maximize the relationship benefits provided to customers and to present a marketing strategy for customer satisfaction, securing and retention. To achieve the purpose of the study, research hypotheses were established and data was collected from tourists who visited hotels in Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do from January 10 to March 28, 2021. The research results can be summarized as follows. First, it was verified that the service quality perceived by tourists visiting the hotel had a significant effect on the relationship benefits and customer satisfaction. Second, it was verified that the relationship benefits perceived by tourists visiting the hotel had a significant effect on customer satisfaction. And based on these important findings, the policy implications, limitations and future directions of the research were also discussed.

A study of this paper is to analyze how Chinese tourists perceive factors of restorative servicescape in city in China, and how restorative servicescape impacts tourist satisfaction. The results of the study were as follows: First, restorative servicescape had a significant positive effect on perceived values. Second, servicescape had a significant positive effect on satisfaction. Third, perceived values had a significant positive effect on satisfaction. On the other hand, 'coherence' affects 'satisfaction' in a negative direction. Thus, hypothesis 1 was partially adopted in the results of verifying the mediating effect of the perceived values in the influence of the restorative servicescape on the tourist satisfaction, the 'being away', 'fascination' 'coherence' and 'compatibility', which are the sub-factor of the restorative servicescape, were represented to have effect on the tourists satisfaction through the mediating effect of the monetary valves, emotional values and the social values, which are the sub-factor of the perceived values. By determining the effect of the Chinese city tour visitors' perceived restorative servicescapes on the satisfaction, the following research contributes to providing solutions that allow visitors to have a positive perception on the service environment of city tour. Furthermore, with regard to the service environment development and management, the results of the study suggest effective and efficient developing strategies that enable the city tour in China to build a competitive advantage.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship among local social media marketing, trust and information sharing intention. To perform this study, Total 300 questionnaire were distributed to users who has experienced local social media dated from December 1th to December 21th. Unworkable data were excluded, 262 usable response were obtained for an empirical analysis. Frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis were measured by using SPSS 25.0 program accordingly. For the study structure, local social media marketing was divided with timeliness, usefulness, richness, accuracy. Trust and information sharing intention were single factor. The results have shown as follows: Hypothesis 1, among local social media marketing, all factors have a positive effect on trust. Hypothesis 2, among local social marketing, those of richness, usefulness and accuracy have a positive effect on information sharing intention. Hypothesis 3, trust has a positive effect on information sharing intention. This study result has found that managing local social media marketing is a source of competitive marketing tool in local level. This study suggests operational and theoretical implications on the aspects of social marketing management.

The purpose of this study were to review the relationship among Job Environment, Job Satisfaction, Turnover Intention of Low Cost Carrier. To achieve the purpose of this study, Total 230 survey questionnaires were distributed among the employees who are working for Low Cost Carrier from 1th March, 2021 to 15th Mar, 2021. Due to the reliability of data, 23 samples were discarded and 207 samples were put to actual analysis. In order to accomplish the purpose of the study, the researcher conducted and analyzed by using SPSS Ver. 21.0 statistics package. The results of the study are as follows. First, the Job Environment was positively related to Job Satisfaction. second, the relationship between Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention was significantly negative. Lastly, the Job Environment was negatively related to Turnover Intention. It means that appropriate financial compensation, such as salaries and bonuses, and efforts for working conditions and welfare, the management mind of the top management and a fair personnel review system are very important to increase the retention of low-cost airline cabin crew and prevent turnover.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of emotional labor of travel industry workers on emotional burnout and turnover intention. To carry out this study, a survey was conducted for workers engaged in the travel industry, and the survey was conducted for 2 months from December 1, 2019 to January 31, 2020, and a total of 330 copies were distributed and 305 copies were collected. In addition, 296 copies of the questionnaire, which were judged to be inaccurate in the questionnaire response, were used for the final analysis. The need to analyze the impact on emotional labor, emotional burnout, and turnover intention for travel industry workers whose turnover rate is relatively high and interpersonal relationship formation is important is raised. Based on the results, first, Analyze the effects of emotional labor of travel industry workers on emotional burnout. Second, The effect of emotional labor of travel industry workers on turnover intention is analyzed. Third, Analyze the effect of emotional exhaustion of travel industry workers on turnover intention. Through the results of the research, we aim to identify the grievances of emotional labor for workers in the travel industry, and to prepare effective human resource management and competitiveness improvement measures for travel industry workers.

Recently, O2O services are showing rapid growth, but continuous online and offline quality improvement and competitiveness are required. The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of online platform and offline brand quality of accommodation O2O on satisfaction, attachment, and relationship continuity and sharing intention. A survey was conducted on accommodation o2o service users, and 353 samples were used for research analysis, excluding inappropriate data. The hypothesis of this research model was verified through structural equation model analysis. The analyzed research results are summarized as follows. First, all sub-variables of online platform quality had a significant effect on online platform satisfaction, and all sub-variables of offline brand quality had a significant effect on offline brand satisfaction. Second, online platform satisfaction had a significant effect on offline brand satisfaction. Third, online platform and offline brand satisfaction had a significant effect on O2O service attachment. Fourth, service attachment had a significant effect on relationship continuity and sharing intention. In the conclusion of this study, marketing implications for improving online and offline quality and maintaining sustainable customer relationships in the accommodation O2O industry were presented.

This study aimed to not only investigate how the dessert cafes, which are growing rapidly in various forms, have provided benefits from the perspective of customers but how those benefits have affected use behaviors of custoers a study to identify how the level of dessert involvement causes a discriminatory impact between the relational benefit. The survey was carried out for those who have visited dessert cafes mainly in the area of Seoul and 313 valid copies of the questionnaire were used for data analysis of this study. The findings indicate that among the relational benefits of dessert cafes, economic benefits, psychological benefits, and customerization benefits had a positive effect on use behaviors, while social benefits had a negative effect on use behaviors. Additionally, the dessert involvement plays a role of moderator in the relationship between the relationship benefits and use behaviors of the dessert cafe. This study data an be used as important materials in positioning strategy through advertisement and marketing by dessert cafe organizing adequate guidelines with regard to certain specific markets and establishing corresponding systems after taking into account not only dessert items but also the various relational benefits and situational variable.

Cabin attendants are important talents in the aviation industry, and many universities have established and trained aviation services majors in order to cultivate talents with professionalism and service minds. Therefore, in this study, an empirical study was conducted on the effect of online education service quality of students majoring in aviation service on learning immersion and re-taking. The result of this study was to present basic data that can be improved to improve the quality of online education services for students majoring in aviation service. The results of the study are as follows. First, it was found that the detailed factors of online education service quality had a positive (+) effect on the detailed factors of learning immersion. Second, the quality of online education service had a significant positive (+) effect on the degree of re-taking, and the higher the response and trust factor, the higher the re-take factor. Third, learning immersion had a significant positive (+) effect on intention reacquisition. Based on the above results, you will need to manage students using differentiated strategies online so that students majoring in aviation services can participate in classes with a positive mindset.

The aim of study was to suggest the practical methods deemed helpful to the operational direction of the hotels by understanding the influential relationship among the satisfaction level from the perceived value of customers spending their staycation at 5-star hotels in Korea, trust, and the intention to give a recommendation. A total of 230 valid questionnaires were analyzed by conducting actual investigations during March 10 to March 31, 2021. Then, the program SPSS ver.18.0 was used to perform population statistics analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis. The following describes the research results. Hypothesis 1. The emotional value, economical value, qualitative value, and social value that are classed as the subfactors of the perceived value all affected the satisfaction level. Hypothesis 2. The satisfaction level had a significant impact on trust. Hypothesis 3. The satisfaction level significantly affected the intention to give a recommendation. Hypothesis 4. Trust and the intention to give a recommendation are significantly related. From the research results, it was shown that there was a positive relationship among the the perceived value(emotional, economical, qualitative, social), satisfaction level, trust, and the intention to give a recommendation of the customers spending their staycation at 5-star hotels in Korea. Thus, if consistent product improvement and customer management plans are carried out by considering the perceived value of the customers spending their staycation at 5-star hotels in Korea from various angles based on this study, it is considered that positive brand trust, promotion, and the high rate of visiting of customers can be achieved.

This study suggested the direction of technological innovation centering on customers of the core value of hotel companies in the rapidly changing technological environment of hotel companies. The importance and priority evaluation of each scale was conducted in parallel with the KANO model and AHP to derive theoretical and practical implications. The implications were summarized by collecting the opinions of 18 industrial and academic experts as follows. Safety(41%) and Accuracy(36%) were derived as key attributes among the five factors, such as efficiency, accuracy, safety, convenience, and diversity, which were established as constituent factors of the technology innovation index. Among all 25 indicators, integrated system operation and utilization(efficiency), information system accuracy(accuracy), perfect information for use and business processing(accuracy), stability that prioritizes customer safety(safety), customer personal information Eight indicators were derived as key indicators, including management(safety), ensuring physical safety inside the hotel(safety), flexible response to customer complaints(convenience), and timeliness management for information management(diversity).

This study aims to identify the determinants of HMR consumers' information adoption amid the recent proliferation of untact consumption culture, and to increase the growth and level of HMR in the fast-growing HMR market. This study analyzed from the perspective of the Information Adoption Model (IAM), and the analysis showed that the relevance and neutrality of subfactors of HMR information quality had a significant impact on information usability, but brevity did not. It has been shown that veracity, expertise, and reputation, subfactors of the information source's public confidence, have had a significant impact on information utility, and information utility has had a significant impact on information adoption. This means that HMR consumers adopt information from the information quality of the central path relevance and neutrality, and from the sources of truth, expertise, and reputation of the surrounding path, if they perceive it as useful. The results of this study will be a source of extensive marketing activities by restaurants and food companies that recognize the importance of online HMR consumers' information processing processes, and will contribute to the rapid growth of the HMR market and the level of HMR in Korea.

This study tried to analyze the relations among SNS information characteristics, gastronomy tourism, tourist’s flow and attitude toward the tourist destination. Especially, this study focused on the mediating effects of gastronomy tourism and tourist's flow. it suggested the strategies for attracting tourist to the area for promoting regional tourism through the empirical analysis. In order to achieve the objectives, the data was collected by online survey of S. Korean tourists who have traveled within 2 years, from Jan, 6th to 20th, 2021. And 205 valid samples were used. SPSS 20.0 program was used for the empirical analysis. And the results were as follows; there are mediating effects of gastronomy tourism and tourist’s flow on the relationship between SNS information characteristics and tourist destination attitude. Furthermore, Tourist’s flow has the mediating effect on between gastronomy tourism and tourist destination attitude. The results of the study provide evidence suggesting that gastronomy tourism and Tourist’s flow play major roles between SNS characteristics and attitude toward the tourist destination. Also, it indicates that some tourists would return to the same destination to savor its unique gastronomy that leads to the experience of flow. Implications for practitioners are also discussed.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of learning immersion on self-efficacy and educational satisfaction and examine ways to improve educational satisfaction by increasing learning immersion and self-efficacy for students in the fields of aviation, as the importance of and the need for studying learning immersion have risen in the midst of changing learning environments due to the paradigm shift in education and the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This study of 232 college students in aviation-related fields was analyzed with SPSS 21.0. The main finding of this study reveals that cognitive immersion and behavioral immersion in learning immersion have a meaningful effect on self-efficacy and self-regulating efficacy. This indicates that, as the learners developed their own study plans and other cognitive strategies and actively engaged in and performed learning activities to achieve their learning goals, their such efforts influenced self-regulation ability, leading them to immerse themselves in learning. The result illustrates that learning design with learner-centered approaches and the development and use of concrete educational content based on these approaches are important for enabling college students in aviation-related fields to immerse themselves in learning in online and offline environments and increase self-efficacy and educational satisfaction.

The purpose of this study is to study the impact of push-pull factors on rural tourism motivation on behavior intention as Chinese rural tourists. First, the push factor of China's rural tourism motivation has been shown to have a significant impact in the direction of plus (+) on the intention of action. Second, the pull factor of China's rural tourism motivation has been shown to have a significant impact in the direction of plus (+) on the intention of action. Therefore, rural tourist attractions in China should not only look at tourists' internal motivations but also work to increase the external motivation of tourist attractions. The expansion of infrastructure to create tourist attractions and the development of customized events for local tourists can enhance tourists' intention to revisit and recommend tourism. Finally, I hope to study more rural tourist attractions suitable for various areas.

This study was conducted to understand the psychology and behavior of tourists during the epidemic crisis, and to provide basic data on the COVID 19 Pandemic situation and subsequent tourism policy. Based on prior researches, a research model was established to identify the effects of COVID 19 risk perception on tourism intentions and the moderating effect of optimistic bias on relationship between the two variables. Three hypotheses have been established based on the research model, an online survey of 212 potential tourists was conducted to verify the hypotheses. First, there was an optimistic bias towards the COVID 19 infection among potential tourists. There is an optimistic bias that thinks that other people's risk of infection with COVID 19 is greater than mine. Second, the risk perception of the COVID 19 infection had a positive effect only to the cancellation travel intention. Third, the moderating effect of optimistic bias in relation to risk perception and tourism intentions was verified only for the cancellation travel intention. This study empirically identified how the COVID 19 epidemic affects tourists' tourism intentions. In particular, it contributed theoretically to the field of tourism by identifying how optimistic bias indirectly affects tourism intentions. Based on this study, it is expected to provide practical implications for managing tourism demand and establishing policies on tourism behavior in consideration of optimistic bias in the epidemic situation.

This study aims to analyze the effect of the selection attribute of Korean dessert cafes on service value and customer satisfaction from a consumer's point of view. In particular, since there has been no study that specifically analyzed the relationship between the customer's choice of Korean dessert cafes and the service value, the conduct of this study is considered to be of research value. Since each Korean dessert cafe has different characteristics, the selection attribute may also appear differently. When consumers choose a Korean dessert cafe, the selection attribute can affect the service value, and if the service value and satisfaction increase, the probability of revisiting will increase. Therefore, by grasping the detailed factors of Korean dessert cafes, it is intended to improve the satisfaction of consumers and to devise a plan to attract loyal customers by increasing the revisit rate. In addition, it was intended to be used as a basis for presenting basic data and practical development plans that can be utilized for reinforcement of the optional attributes that can increase service value and customer satisfaction. The summary of the results of this study is as follows. First, hypothesis 1, among the sub-factors constituting the selection attribute of Korean dessert cafe, quality, convenience, and atmosphere were found to have a significant positive(+) impact on service value in the order of quality, and it was found that service and price had no effect on service value. Second, hypothesis 2 service value was found to have a significant positive(+) effect on customer satisfaction. Third, among the sub-factors constituting the selection attribute of Korean dessert cafes, quality, convenience, and atmosphere were found to have a significant positive(+) effect on customer satisfaction, on the other hand, it was found that service and price had no effect on customer satisfaction.

This study aims to check how YouTube content characteristics of local governments affect local images, how YouTube content characteristics affect local images depending on age, and how local images perceived by YouTube content users affect visit intentions and suggest related implications. For this study, it was conducted for about a month from March 1 to March 31, 2021 for users who have experience using various content information provided by YouTube by local governments, and 259 copies were used for empirical analysis. According to the analysis, YouTube content characteristics factors affecting local images were shown to be entertainment, information, and communication, and age control between YouTube content characteristics and local images. There was also an impact relationship between the local image and the intention to visit. Therefore, a detailed review of the YouTube channel operation and content characteristics will be needed so that YouTube content users can have a favorable and positive image of the region, and above all, user-centered YouTube channel operation should be conducted.

The purpose of this study is to grasp that the effect of the employment anxiety on the satisfaction in major and employment preparation behavior of college students majoring in aviation service. To achieve the purpose of this study, a total of 330 questionnaires are collected for college students majoring in aviation service in Seoul metropolitan area and Chungcheong-do, and the SPSS 23.0 for Window statistics program is used to verify the theory of research. The result of the study is as follows. First, the employment anxiety had a positive effect on the satisfaction in major. Second, the satisfaction in major had a positive effect on employment preparation behavior. Third, the employment anxiety had a positive effect on employment preparation behavior. Through this study, we suggest the need for effective management of major satisfaction and employment anxiety in order to promote employment preparation behavior of college students majoring in aviation service.

Today, the mental stress and fatigue of counselors due to emotional labor are negatively affecting job satisfaction because of the relatively higher working environment than workers in other industries and occupations. As a result, they suffer from various symptoms and aftereffects such as emotional dissonance and mental fatigue due to psychological damage, suicidal thoughts and increased psychological exhaustion due to depression. Accordingly, the government intends to analyze emotional labor and job exhaustion by factors, and identify the relationship between emotional labor and job exhaustion to reveal how the job exhaustion formed by emotional labor affects the intention of turnover. Through this, the purpose of the study is to analyze the emotional labor of travel counselors by factors, to provide basic data to relieve job stress, and to establish programs and systems for companies to cope with emotional labor and job exhaustion. The conclusions of this study are as follows: First, verification of the relationship between internal behavioral factors and job exhaustion of emotional labor has shown that internal behavior has a significant effect on both dehumanization and emotional exhaustion, which are job exhaustion factors. Second, verification of the relationship between surface behavior and job exhaustion in emotional labor has shown that surface behavior has a significant effect on dehumanization among job exhaustion factors, but not on emotional exhaustion. Third, the verification of the relationship between job exhaustion and turnover, formed by emotional labor, showed that both dehumanization and emotional exhaustion, which are factors of job exhaustion, have a significant effect on the intention of turnover.

This study intended to understand the behavior of visitors to tourist destinations by presenting the impact of perceived risk on visitors' attitudes, purchase intentions, and conversion intentions. To this end, factor analysis and regression analysis were conducted, and the following conclusions were drawn. First, a total of nine factors were extracted through factor analysis. Among them, perceived risk is six factors (physical risk, psychological risk, monetary risk, functional risk, temporal risk, and disease risk). The other three factors are visitors' attitude to perceived danger, intention to purchase, and intention to switch. As a result of regression analysis of extracted factors, perceived risks (psychological, monetary, temporal, and morbid risks) at tourist destinations showed influence over attitudes, purchase intentions, and transition intentions. Unsatisfied visitors at tourist destinations (less than expected tourist destinations, additional costs and time, disease risks) show a positive or negative attitude. Nevertheless, visitors will either purchase a tourist destination or switch to a visit to another place.