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The paper examines the impact of tourist knowledge(consumer knowledge) on consumption emotion(positive & negative emotion) and perceived value. Tourist’s knowledge, emotion, perceived vale are defined and an overview is provided for the papers that will follow with original research. Consumer knowledge theoretically consists of two dimensions: familiarity and product knowledge. The literature review suggests that product familiarity and knowledge acquired by prior experience of products could positively affect consumers’ behavior towards consumption of those travel products. This is a quantitative study that employs the same methodology as other research to analyze survey data gathered from a matched sample of 243 outbound tourists at Incheon International Airport in South Korea. In results, tourists who have more travel knowledge tend to show greater emotional concern and perceived than those who have less knowledge; this increased level of concern leads consumers to consider the attributes of tour products when making purchase choice process. Tourists who have greater knowledge are to feel that they can control consumption emotion and value. And the results revealed that the tourist’s emotion is not always correlated with perceived value. There is a positive significant relationship between positive emotion and value, It is also found there is no significant effect between negative emotion and value. The current study has room for improvements. First of all, the empirical model needs to be further extended. In particular, it is necessary to accommodate not only tourist knowledge, but also mediators within the model.

The Effect of the study is investigate of festivalservicescape on festival image, emotional response, and behavioral intention for tourists participating in Jinan Ginseng Festival in 2018 Jinangun, Jeollabukdo. The Jinan red ginseng festival starts in 2013 and runs for 6 times until 2018. It is a festival held under the theme of ginseng, a special product of Jinan. The image of the festival theme is stronger than any festival. And the entrance of the festival is concentrated in one place, and the arrangement of the festival is a festival that plays a big role for the tourists participating in the festival. Therefore, the festival service landscape tries to investigate the influence of the relationship between the festival image, the emotional response and the behavioral intention. This study was to investigate the influence structure of the variables on the festival servicescape based on the theories of literature research and previous studies in order to identify the cognitive image, emotional image, emotional response, and factor structure of the behavioral intention. First, the influence of the festival servicescape on the festival cognitive image was influenced by the factors of 'fidelity', 'information', 'design' Respectively. Second, the influence of the festival servicescape on the festival emotional image has a significant influence on the factors of 'fidelity' and 'suitability' except the 'information' and 'design' Respectively. Third, all four factors of festival servicescape have a significant influence on the influence on the emotional response to festival servicecape. Fourth, all four factors of festival servicescape were found to have a significant influence on the influence of festival service landscape on behavioral intention festival cognition Image, and emotional image were all significant influences. Fifth, festival cognitive image and emotional image had significant influence on emotional response and behavioral influence on festival image. Sixth, the effect of the festival on the behavioral intentions of the emotional response showed that the higher the emotional response of the festival participants, the higher the intention to act.

The purpose of this study is on local festival storytelling. Storytelling is known that enable differentiation and uniqueness of local festivals and positive impact on visitor satisfaction. Specifically, this affects the storytelling visitor satisfaction, storytelling is to the mediating effects for between visitor satisfaction and festival flow. The result is to seek a development plan through festival storytelling. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire at 2015 Gochang Moyang Fortress Festival, 320 samples were used for statistical analysis. As a result is presented as follows: First, storytelling factor consist of interactive, story, expression factor. Secondly, storytelling as an element of festivals had a strong positive influence on the festival visitors satisfaction, its influence was expressed, story, interact order. Third, flow was fully mediated the relationship between the impact on the storytelling and festival satisfaction. Specifically, in order to increase the visitors of the satisfaction of the festival, video, programs, music, art activities of venue must be made to better represent the story about Gochang Moyang Fortress. Next, the Festival will have to talk about Gochang Moyang Fortress and appearance characteristics flatulence, and should contain stories about Gochang Moyang Fortress, should tell the story of the castle and cultural characteristics. The results of this study suggest that there is a need to work as much as possible in planning and directing, need not only enhance the storytelling in order to increase the satisfaction of the local festival visitors but visitors can flow themselves in the festival.

This study has researched the effect of YouTube travel contents features on flow and satisfaction. First, this study has defined the relation of effect between YouTube travel contents and users' flow. Second, it has clarified the relation of effect between users' flow and satisfaction. Lastly, it has defined the relation of effect between YouTube travel contents features and satisfaction. With these research purposes, this study suggests practical implications for YouTube travel contents strategies of travel agency through the empirical research results. The survey was conducted from January 18th to January 28th in 2019. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed and usable 195 questionnaires were analyzed after removing 5 irresponsible questionnaires. As a result of analysis, first, the only factor of amusement has a significant positive effect on pleasure with regard to the factor of YouTube travel contents features for users' flow. Also, with respect to time distortion, both variety and amusement have a statistically significant and positive influence on pleasure. Second, users' flow has a significant impact on satisfaction. Third, YouTube travel contents features have significant positive effect on satisfaction.

Despite the current COVID-19 pandemic that has enormously bad influences on the overall tourism, in order to create the effects by continuously holding the festivals even in the post-Corona or with-Corona era, the local festivals are making efforts to diversify the frame of holding the festival. To realize the untact festival and hybrid-type festival, the MZ generation that is familiar with online environment could play a very important role. Thus, this study aimed to present the effective approach in the change process of local festivals in the future, by verifying the local festival risk factors perceived by MZ generation, their visit intention, and moderating effects of emotional benefits in the current situation. In the results of this study, all the festival quality decline risk, virus infection risk, and psychosocial risk reduced the visit intention in the negative(-) influence relation between perceived festival risk factors and visit intention of MZ generation. The emotional benefits had moderating effects on the relation between festival quality decline risk and visit intention. Thus, based on the verified results of this study, the implications were presented such as O2O strategies for festival contents, the measures for continuous experience instead of one-time experience, reorganization of online festival space & establishment of operational strategies, and the measures for management & monitoring that could increase the potential visitors’ satisfaction by narrowing the gap of on/offline boundary. This study could be used as the basic data for establishing the strategies suitable for the diversified aspect of holding local festivals in the future.

This study is aimed to identify the influencing relationship of Hotel Kitchen Department Head’s Leadership style on chefs’ affirmative involvement, job crafting and also to verify empirically the effects of organizational support perception in the relationship between leadership styles and affirmative involvement. This study had conducted surveys which targets chefs who had worked at a Five-Star Hotel in Seoul, for at least a year or longer. A total of 391 chefs have been used in the study. The following is the summary of the study results. Firstly, the three types of leadership styles, which are, the department head’s transformational leadership, servant leadership and transactional leadership, have been found to influence most chefs’ job crafting and affirmative involvements. It has been identified that job crafting had a mediating effect in the relationship between the leadership styles and affirmative involvement. Secondly, it has been found that the Hotel Kitchen worker ‘s organizational perception had a moderating effect on all three types of leadership styles in the study. Therefore, this study aims to provide measures to effectively conduct personnel management within the Hotel Restaurant Kitchens base on the empirical analysis.

This study has demonstrated the impact of the human working environment of hotel and foodservice culinary employees on job satisfaction and turnover intention, and also identified factors affecting job satisfaction and turnover intentions of culinary employees. The results of this study will have a positive impact on job satisfaction and turnover intentions for hotel and foodservice culinary employees and will provide a desirable direction for the development of hotel dining organization. According to the verification about the relationship between the four factors of culinary employees' job environment and job satisfaction, a positive relationship could be seen. The four factors are the human environment which means the personal or official relationship between supervisory personnel and co-workers, the physical environment which means the facilities required for working and the amenities, welfare facilities for the workers, the salary and off days for the employees, and the compensation system related with personnel management fairness. However, the professionalism of the employees' duty and work expertise related to job placement showed no sign of relationship. As a final outcome, the physical environment and compensation system for hotel and foodservice culinary employees significantly motivated the employees' task performance. Therefore, these two factors largely influenced job satisfaction.

This study was investigated to the sub-factors of place attachment and to explain the relationship between place attachment, satisfaction and recommend intention. To understand sub-factors of place attachment, this study was explained about the concept of place attachment that is formed to short time visitors and it was conducted the survey in Suwon Hwaseong. As the result of the analysis, sub-factors of place attachment were classified into five factors; place memory and place expectation that is based on personal experience and expectation, place dependence, place identity and place affection. Furthermore, place memory and place expectation have a positive effect on both satisfaction and recommendation intention, While place dependence showed no statistically significant effect on recommendation and place affection did not affect by satisfaction. Findings of the study contribute to a better understanding of place attachment and it is expected to provide fundamental knowledge of activation in cultural heritage sites.

The purpose of this study was to compare changes in financial performance indicators before and after coronavirus 19, targeting six airlines in Korea. Consequently, the main 14 financial ratios for 2019 before and after coronavirus 19 and 2020 were calculated based on financial statements data from each airline. The 14 financial ratios calculated were used as corresponding variables and hypothesis verification was performed by paired t-testing the corresponding samples. The empirical analysis results are as follows: First, the dependence of “borrowing on the financial ratio” of “stability indicators” was rejected, and “the flow rate and debt ratio were” adopted as null hypotheses. Second, in “the financial ratio of the profitability index”, “the operating profit ratio” and “the net return on sales” were rejected, but “the interest compensation ratio”, “net return on total assets” and “net return on equity” were adopted. Third, “the financial ratio of the growth indicator” rejected the null hypothesis that “the revenue growth rate”, “operating profit growth rate” and “gross asset growth rate” were nullified, but “the net profit growth rate” was adopted. Fourth, “the cash flow indicator operating” “cash flow ratio” and “the turnover ratio of total assets”, which are “indicators of turnover”, were rejected. Overall, eight of the 14 financial performance indicators rejected the null hypothesis and six adopted the null hypothesis. As a result, eight financial ratios have been negatively affected by coronavirus 19. This suggests that the use of the results of this study is necessary as data for reasonable decision making to manage airline financial structures in terms of stability, profitability and growth.

The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship of hotel cook's employability, personal creativity and career commitment. The results of the study were as follows: First, employability had a significant positive effect on individual creativity. Second, employability had a significant positive effect on career commitment. Third, personal creativity had a significant positive effect on career commitment. Hotel companies have to provide various opportunities for education and training at different stages of experience as well as ensure the stability of the chef's job and employment environment. In addition to menu development and cooking, this should include educational opportunities to develop managerial skills. However, since employability refers to the perception of the ability to leave one's organization and to be employed by another organization, it is necessary to ensure that the chef's ability and creativity can lead to job performance, as well as stable job performance, through various benefits and fair performance compensation to avoid leading to turnover intention