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This study is focused on the relationship between resource orientation by hotel corporations and innovation activities, management performance. The findings were as follows. First, in terms of the effect of resource orientation on innovation activities, the sub-factors of resource orientation, namely, uniqueness, synergy and dynamism, all had a positive effect on service innovation, process innovation, organizational innovation and marketing innovation. Second, a review of the effect of innovation activities on management performance showed that among the innovation activities, service innovation and marketing innovation had a positive effect in terms of financial performance, but the effect of process innovation and organizational innovation on financial performance was not statistically significant. Customer perspective was also found to be positively influenced by service innovation and marketing innovation, while process innovation and organizational innovation did not have any statistically significant effect. Next, a review of the effect that innovation activities have on internal process perspective among various business management performances showed that service innovation, process innovation, organizational innovation and marketing innovation all had a positive effect on internal process perspective, in the descending order of organizational innovation, marketing innovation, process innovation and service innovation. Lastly, in terms of innovation activities’ effect on learning and growth perspectives, service innovation, process innovation, organizational innovation and marketing innovation all had a positive effect on learning and growth perspectives, with the degree of influence ranked in descending order, marketing innovation, organizational innovation, process innovation and service innovation.

In this study it was intended to search the process of the path from cabin crew’s perceived organizational atmosphere, to job performance and turnover intention through cabin crew’s emotional labor. The verifying results of hypotheses were as follows. First, it was proved that the leader characteristic of airline’s organizational atmosphere gave influence on cabin crew’s emotional labor. Second, it was proved that both sub-factors of the emotional labor, internal behavior and external behavior, gave influence on the job performance. Third, it was proved that both internal behavior and external behavior gave influence on the turnover intention. That the leader characteristics, a factor of the airline‘s organizational atmosphere affected on the emotional labor, had drawn the importance of leader characteristics, a sub-factor consisting the organizational atmosphere and implied the necessity of the leader characteristics for future study of airline’s organizational atmosphere. And, as the influence of cabin crew’s internal behavior on the turnover intention had been reported, this study results had implied the necessity of the effort to transform the external behavior to the internal behavior of the cabin crew’s emotional labor.

This study was conducted to verify the influence of the educational service quality recognized by the students enrolled in tourism/hotel departments on the perceived value, image, and loyalty. To do so, the students enrolled in tourism/hotel departments were selected as the subjects to participate in this study, and a survey consisting of 1000 questionnaire copies was conducted among the subjects. The questionnaire copies that either showed centralized tendencies or were insincerely answered were excluded, and 950 copies were finally selected and used in the empirical analysis. SPSS 18.0 Program was used as the measuring tool. According to the results of analysis, Initially, as a result of analyzing the influence of the educational service quality on the perceived value, it was found that the four sub-factors of the educational service quality had an influence on the emotional. Secondly, as a result of analyzing the relationship between educational service quality and department image, it was found that all the sub-factors, excluding the ‘physical environment quality’, had a positive(+) influence. On the basis of this study result, it is intended to emphasize the importance of Education Service Quality and present a consequent marketing strategy and implication.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of popular music festival experiential factors on subjective well being and festival satisfaction, and analyze the effect of popular music festival satisfaction on subjective well being. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, previous studies that applied the experience economy theory of Pine and Gilmore(1998) were reviewed and questionnaire surveys were conducted with participants of the Incheon Pentaport Rock Festival. From the surveys, 237 valid samples were secured and an empirical analysis was conducted with the samples. The results of this study are as follows. First, the entertainment experiential factors, educational experiential factors, escapist experiential factors, and esthetic experiential factors of popular music festivals had statistically significant effects on festival satisfaction. Second, the educational experiential factors and esthetic experiential factors of popular music festivals had significant effects on subjective well being. However, the entertainment experiential factors and escapist experiential factors did not significantly affect subjective well being. Third, the popular music festival satisfaction had significant effects on subjective well being. Therefore, the importance of experiential factors as a strategy to enhance the feeling of welling being and satisfaction of participants in the popular music festivals could be identified. In addition, the application optimal experiential factors (the optimal experience) to the planning, operating and marketing of the popular music festivals will contribute to strengthening the competitiveness of the festivals.

The purpose of this study are to identify dimensions comprising Darktourism storytelling, to find out which Darktourism storytelling factors induce visitors’ transportation, and to investigate the impact of visitors' transportation on customer citizenship behavior (i.e. cooperation and advocacy). This study conducted a survey targeting visitors to National Memorial Museum under Japanese Occupation in Busan and Seodaemun Prison History Hall in Seoul, Korea to empirically verify the conceptual model. The collected data with a total of 391 valid responses were analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0 statistical programs. The analysis results are as follows. First, the Darktourism storytelling factors were found to be four factors: emotional storytelling, content storytelling, descriptive storytelling, and educational storytelling. Second, three factors of Darktourism storytelling (i.e. emotional, descriptive, and educational storytellings) influenced visitors' transportation positively. Third, visitors’ transportation was a leading variable that has a significant effect on customer citizenship behavior (i.e. cooperation and advocacy). Based on the results of the study, practitioners can create innovative strategies and scholars in Darktourism field can develop further research.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the Influence of Human Capital of Hotel Employees on Knowledge Management Activity and Innovation Behavior based on hypotheses based on research model through previous studies. Based on the theoretical background, two hypotheses were set up. The purpose of this study is to analyze the Influence of Human Capital of Hotel Employees on Knowledge Management Activity and Innovation Behavior. The survey was conducted from July 1, 2018 to July 30, 2018 using the convenience sampling method, which is a non-probabilistic sampling method. A total of 250 questionnaires were distributed, of which 207 were used for empirical analysis, except for the unsuccessful or inconsistent questionnaires (43 copies). As a result of using the statistical program of SPSS 21.0 and AMOSS 21, the hypotheses were verified and it was found that there was a causal relationship between human capital and knowledge management activities, knowledge management activities and innovation behaviors of Hotel Convention employees. Therefore, the hypotheses presented through the rationale of the previous research are adopted in this study. The academic implications of this study are as follows: Human capital (work ability, communication) of hotel employees showed that the knowledge management activities (knowledge creation, knowledge sharing).

The mechanism of the hotel employees’ creative performance need to be examined to extend fundamental effectiveness. Focused on the hotel employees, this study aims to investigate whether socio-cognitive mindfulness influences their creativity mediated through creative self-efficacy. Socio-cognitive mindfulness includes lower variables of novelty seeking, novelty producing, and engagement. The number of 215 cases was used for final analysis out of 240 cases surveyed. The results were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The study results indicate the hotel employees’ novelty seeking and engagement make a significantly positive influence on creative self-efficacy whereas novelty producing fails to make the impact. Novelty producing significantly influence their creativity whereas the other two lower variables fail to make the impact. Also, creative self-efficacy positively influences creativity. In addition, creative self-efficacy fully mediates the relationship between novelty seeking and engagement and creativity whereas it doesn’t mediate the relationship between novelty producing and creativity. Based on the study results, theoretical and practical implications have been discussed.

The change of value on travel has brought about dramatical increase of the number of tourists due to rising incomes and leisure time. Despite the growth of the travel industry, the job satisfaction level of those who work in the travel industry is low. To solve this problem, it is important to highlight the workers' value by recognizing them as internal customers instead of conventional means like physical capital. The travel industry is a service industry that highly relies on human resources, so individual management of workers is critical. As many studies show, human resources are a strategical element and core asset for the competitive advantage and development of company. The workers' organization citizen's action, which is not official but spontaneous behaviors, can have an important effect on customer satisfaction and choice of travel agency. To draw workers' organization citizen's action, there should be the change of workers' psychological capital according to organizational justice. For actual proof analysys, i have extracted 300 samples through a survey performed on employee of travel agency’s, and analyzes basic data and structural equation model by using SPSS and AMOS. Thus, this study is intended to emphasize the importance of internal customers in the management of tour companies and to provide practical implications by verifying the influencing relationship among organizational justice that workers recognize, their psychological capital and organization citizen's action.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the experience factors on the experience satisfaction and the quality of life of natural recreation forest visitors by applying the experience economy theory of Pine & Gilmore (1998). Moreover, the study aimed to verify the moderating effects of leisure involvement on the relationship between 4Es and experience satisfaction of natural recreation forest visitors. A survey was conducted for the visitors, who participated in the Jaeamsan Mountain National Recreation Forest experiential program located in Boseong, gun, Jeollanam-do. The implications of this study are as follows. First, the causal relationship between experience Factors(educational and esthetic) and experience satisfaction was significant. The results well showed the characteristics of the experiential program of natural recreation forest. Second, the causal relationship between experience satisfaction and the quality of life was significant. The results can be interpreted that the higher satisfaction after experiencing the experiential program of recreation forest indicates the higher quality of life. Third, the leisure involvement had significant moderating effects on the relationship between experience Factors(educational, escapist, and esthetic) and experience satisfaction. It was the first attempt to identify the moderating effect of leisure involvement on the relationship between 4Es and experience satisfaction, which is theoretically meaningful.

The purpose of this study was to examine what trade union organizations achieved for union members and how the role of trade union organization influenced union effectiveness in the Korean hotel companies regarding the concept of organizational justice by using a structural equation modelling approach. The results of this study demonstrated that employee voice had a positive influence on distributive justice and job security and pay negotiation had a positive influence on procedure justice. Also distributive justice significantly influenced the positive and negative outcomes while procedure justice had a significant influence on negative outcomes only. Moreover the Sobel test results proved that organizational justice had a moderate effect between trade union organizations’ role and trade union effectiveness. In conclusion, this study indicated that the results of this study will provide the distinctive nature of trade unions and also will help to understand trade unions’ role for employers and foreign employers or investors in the Korean context.

The purpose of this study is to reveal the influence of tour Interpreter and to show that Verval / Nonval communication ability of tour Interpreter in regional tour spots. It is an important factor of service capacity for tourists in order to serve as improvement direction and index for tourism and tourism development in the region. The results of this study are expected to contribute to increasing the competitiveness of explanation service of regional tourist attractions, by improving the service quality of tour Interpreter and eventually tourist's satisfaction and Behavior Intention. The results of the hypothesis test showed that tour Interpreter’s communication ability(Verval, Nonval) factors had a significant effect on tourist’s satisfaction and behavioral intention, of traditional historical tour spots, educational culture, and local experience. Finally, tourist’s satisfaction attributes have a high impact on tourist’s behavioral intention(intention of revisit, intention of recommendation).

This study intends to explore the relationship between the service education for the hotel employees, service orientation and job satisfaction and the organizational commitment, to provide the practical implications. 214 questionnaires collected from the hotels within the metropolitan area of Seoul, was analyzed using various means of survey analysis. The results from the factor analysis showed that the service education consisted of 3 factors, service orientation 4 factors and job satisfaction and organization commitment, 1 factor respectively. To prove this hypothesis, each factor, either as the independent and dependent variables, regression analysis was conducted. As a result, for the service education, the competency of the instructor was found to be the most crucial factor. In addition, the need for the service education which can catch the attention of the employees as well as the reliability for service must be stressed during the service education. It was also observed that even if the employees are providing quality service, it does not guarantee that they are satisfied with their jobs. In addition, it was found that the higher the job satisfaction, the higher the organizational commitment as shown by the existing researches.

This study aims to identify the relationship between the motivation for beauty therapy and plastic surgery and the overall satisfaction of these for Chinese visitors travelling to Korea. The 186 returned surveys out of 200 has been analyzed with the statistical data from SPSS. The verification of the hypothesis that the motivations for travel affects the visitors’ satisfaction level indicates that value and excellence among the motivation factors directly affects satisfaction. On the contrary, attractiveness doesn’t have any influence on satisfaction. In spite of the negative image of Korea in China caused by the deployment of THADD, the Chinese are known to choose Korea as a tourist destination for beauty therapy and other medical purposes, which enhances the potential growth in the beauty and medical sector as offering a tourism product. The result will also give insight to the importance of marketing focused on the successful medical achievements for Chinese travelers.

Countless festivals were held in the world as well as Korea. Therefore, for the long-term success of festival, it is important to carry on with distinctive differentiative strategy. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the influence of festival experience marketing on festival brand awareness and place attachment. To achieve this goal, a survey was conducted to general festival participants for the empirical analysis. The findings of this study indicate that festival experience marketing has significant influence on festival brand awareness. Second, it also finds out that fetsival experience marketing positively related to place attachment. At last, festival brand awareness has positive relationship with place attachment.

The purpose of this study is to examine if the characteristics of Korean hotel managers who have entered Vietnam influence local employees’ service-providing behavior significantly and also if knowledge sharing types have regulating effects in correlation between managers’ characteristics and service-providing behavior. To address the goal, this author conducted a survey to local employees working in five hotels that have entered Vietnam, and total 214 questionnaire sheets were used for positive analysis. According to the analysis results, managers’ characteristics, competence characteristics and psychological characteristics, are found to influence service-providing behavior, and in correlation between them, two factors of knowledge sharing types, colleagues and educational training, are found to exert regulating effects. Based on the results, this researcher suggests that managers should share their attitudes about management with local employees through educational training and deliver messages to entire employees clearly. Based on that, it is important to have proper communication among colleagues.

The purpose of this research study is to consider strategical methods for offering proactive and fit services by carriers. To achieve this purpose, this study is to present and identify the attributes of the choice of FSC (Full-Services Carrier) made by customers. First, it is revealed that most customers using FSC are married at the age of their 40s. They have highly-paid and specialized jobs that provide more than KRW 4 million of monthly income. It can be concluded that they have obtained the information about the carrier from the Internet and travel agencies. For use frequency, most customers have preferred to use the carrier for 1-6 times. Second, it is found that customers using FSC have rather showed the lower satisfaction of 9 attributes of the choice they considered important after using it. Given this fact, FSC must make strenuous efforts to improve and complement the unfortunate things by promoting the sustainable development of the relevant public relations and marketing. However, it is significant that despite these limits, this research study must perceive accurately the differences in the attributes of demographic features of gather the data necessary for developing the sustainable advertisement strategies and marketing methods established by carriers.

The purpose of this study is to verify the causal relationships between the relational benefits of airline Technology-based self-services(TBSS) perceived by customers and continuous use intentions of the customers and whether customer satisfaction has mediating effects between the foregoing. This study was conducted with customers who had used an airline TBSS system and a questionnaire survey was conducted. The final 220 valid samples were analyzed using SPSS 23.0. According to the results of analysis, first, the relational benefits(psychological benefit, informational benefit) of airline TBSS have significant effects on continuous use intentions(R2=27.8%). In addition, out of the relational benefits of airline TBSS, the psychological benefit(0.377) was found to have larger effects on continuous use intentions than the informational benefit(0.199). Second, the relational benefits(psychological benefit, informational benefit) of airline TBSS were shown to have significant effects on customer satisfaction factors(R2=27.2%). Third, customer satisfaction with airline TBSS was shown to have significant effects on continuous use intentions (R2=50.2%), and play a mediating role in the relationship between the relational benefit of airline TBSS and continuous use intentions. Accordingly, if trust, stability, and diverse information are provided to customers who use airline TBSS, the customers will perceive the services as services differentiated from other airlines leading to further improvement of customer satisfaction.

This study analyzes how the employees’ perceived ethicality of employers’ leadership influences the employees’ organizational commitment in the hotel industry, as well as whether individual cognitive characteristics serve as a moderating variable in the relationship between ethical leadership and organizational commitment. Thus, this research conducted a survey on 297 subjects who work in the top hotels in South Korea, from June 25th 2017 to July 27th 2017. Following the experiment, structural equation modeling was used to analyze the causal relationship between ethical leadership and organizational commitment, as well as Multilevel Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MCFA) and Multigroup Structural Equation Model (MSEM) for verifying the moderating effect of individual cognitive characteristics. As a result, procedural justice, transparency, and integrity of ethical leadership was found to be influencing the employees’ organizational commitment. Moreover, within employees’ individual cognitive characteristics, sequential processing ability was found to serve as a moderating variable in between ethical leadership and organizational commitment. This study concludes by explaining how following research with consideration of different positions of hotel employees could contribute to obtaining a better understanding of effective human resource management.

With the aim of finding key attributes of hotel service quality in Korea, this paper presents an analysis based on online review mining. Online review mining is known as an effective means of understanding customer needs and identifying key attributes for customer satisfaction. In this paper, a total of 8,791 online reviews on 157 hotels in Seoul, Jeju, and Busan are collected from TripAdvisor and divided into 40 segments depending on hotel locations (Seoul, Jeju, Busan), hotel ratings (5-3 stars), and customer types (families, friends, couples, solo, business). A term-frequency analysis using text mining is performed to figure out the most frequently mentioned service attributes in each segment. The effect of different locations, hotel ratings, and customer types on attribute importances are examined by averaging and comparing term frequencies from individual segments. The results enables a better understanding of Voice of the Customer and provides useful information supporting hotel quality management and marketing.

올림픽의 역사는 언제나 평화, 경쟁, 결속력, 그리고 공정한 경기(play)들과 밀접한 관계로 뒤얽혀 있다. 페르시아의 패배를 알리기 위해 페이디피데스(Pheidippides)가 마라톤(Marathon)에서 아테네(Athens)로 처음 뛰었던 기원전 490년부터 지금까지 올 림픽이라는 스포츠 경쟁은 국가적, 국제적 차원의 국정과 불가분의 관계라 하겠다. 개최도시 선정, 올림픽 개최, 각 도시에서 서로 경쟁하는 국가들이 그 관계를 보여준 다 할 수 있으며, 또한 선수들이 나타내어 보여주는 현수막(banners)까지 모두 정치적 의미를 지니고 있음에서도 볼 수 있다. 올림픽은 종종 올림픽이라는 행사 자체가 정 치적 변화를 촉진하고, 올림픽이 아니었다면 포착하기 어려웠을 민심을 좌우하는데 사용되곤 한다. 본 연구는 우선 이전의 올림픽과 그 올림픽들의 영향력 분석을 통하 여 올림픽과 정치 분야의 관계를 상징하기에 이른 몇 개의 중요한 역사적 사건을 간 략히 기술하고자 한다. 또한 본 연구는 서울에서 개최된 1988년 하계올림픽을 조사하 여 스포츠와 국무 영역간의 관계를 더욱 명확하고 구체적으로 파악하고자 한다. 본 연구의 중요한 시사점은 1988년 하계 올림픽 사례 연구뿐만 아니라 역사적 사례들을 통해 배우고, 나아가 평창과 강릉시가 공동 주최 하는 평창 동계 올림픽과 장애인 올 림픽을 고대해 본다는 것이다. 이러한 이벤트들의 정치적 의미는 국제적 관계에 있어 서 국가, 국가간, 그리고 국제적 수준으로 분류된다. 본 연구 결과는 특별히 한국의 사 례연구에 대하여 정책 제안 및 보다 넓은 정치적 영역에 기여한다.