Earticle

With debits of the majority of households continuously increasing, external macro economic impacts, such as interest rate increases, rising inflation pressure and reducing incomes, heighten a possibility of debt default of general households. This means, given the fact that debts and assets of most households in Korea are disproportionately based on their houses, it is highly likely that the local housing market's instability can be triggered by potential house price drops. Hence, this study is designed to offer a basis to evaluate future housing approaches and housing policy to stabilize household credit and local housing market by finding out the correlation between macro economic factors and household credit and housing prices. As to analysis methods, in this study a stress test model was adopted and analyzed, using CreditPortfolioView devised by Mckinsey so as to find out the correlation between macro economic factors and household credit and housing prices. Also, in accordance with shock scenarios encompassing macro economic factors, such as interest rates, housing prices, liquidity and incomes, simulations were carried out so as to check how households' default rates influence housing prices. The study is structured in an order that the characteristics of household credit in Korea were defined first, and, then, correlations between macroeconomic factors and household credit and housing prices were analyzed. Afterwards, in the study, the author suggests polices to ensure stability of household credit and housing market.

The Impact Fee Zoning law to counteract the uncontrolled developments in the suburban localities has been newly revised in 2008. For those areas that exceed a legal criterion of population growth rate, the amended law requires the localities: to designate the zone boundaries; to prepare infrastructure installation plans; and to setup cost allocation plans. The study, in this context, tries first to designate a feasible Impact Fee Zone via gridded population analysis, taking Hwasung City as a test bed. For comparative purposes, the study then postulates two alternative versions of infrastructure installation plans: the low-and high-density residential complexes. Separate cost allocation schemes are correspondingly exhibited to probe the cost differentials between the two approaches. As such, it is expected that the study cases could serve as useful prototypes for the practitioners who administer the Zoning in the field.

This study analyzed weather characteristics for each biotope type and influential factors on outdoor temperature in the summer when thermal contamination is at its worst targeting Daedoek-gu, and suggested a management plan in thermal comfort aspect by using a bioclimatic chart. Impermeable area ratio for each biotope type was shown in orders of industrial area biotope(94.80%)＞commercial area biotope(92.20%)＞low floor residential area biotope (85.75%)＞high floor residential area biotope(76.02%)＞river biotope(2.35%)＞forest biotope(0%). Meteorological element analysis was divided into daily maximum and daily minimum and conducted, and outdoor temperature, humidity, wind speed, globe temperature, and surface temperature were measured. Outdoor temperature at the daily maximum temperature was shown in orders of industrial area biotope(36.3℃)＞commercial area biotope(35.5℃)＞high and low floor residential area biotope(34.8℃)＞river biotope(33.9℃)＞forest biotope(30.4℃). Low humidity was created at high temperature region and high humidity was created at low temperature region, there was no special tendency in wind speed but it contributed to creation of outdoor temperature, and surface temperature and globe temperature were measured as same tendency as outdoor temperature. Outdoor temperature at the daily minimum temperature was shown in orders of commercial area biotope(27.5℃)＞industrial area and low floor residential area biotope(26.9℃)＞high floor residential area biotope(26.5℃)＞river biotope(26.6℃)＞forest biotope(26.4℃), humidity was over 80%, and globe temperature was low temperature region with lowest value at forest biotope(26.8℃) and river biotope(26.7℃) that have strong wind speed. As a result of understanding the level of affecting creation of outdoor temperature for each land cover type, impermeable cover area showed positive correlation(correlation coefficient of 0.608) for increase of outdoor temperature, and tree planting area had negative correlation(correlation coefficient of –0.694). It was analyzed surface temperature (correlation coefficient of 0.821) and globe temperature(correlation coefficient of 0.790) had high interrelationship with change in outdoor temperature. Based on this, this study suggested expansion of green and water permeable cover, inflow of air current, and application of a planting method that considered wind corridor as a means to enhance comfort for each biotope type.

The Hong Kong Government established the role of public sector as the social and economic level has changed regarding to the development of city regeneration strategies. Throughout the creation of new performing organizations, it facilitated various subsidies and its related policies while the residents and regional characteristics are highly considered. As this importance of integrative regeneration policies is becoming the main issue of society, however, the central government still finds difficulties in getting solutions to overcome the lack of specific funding policies and supportive authorities. Therefore, this research reveals to define domestic implications by reviewing the Government's Roles and the Grant Programs of Urban Regeneration policies in Hong Kong. As the result of the analysis, firstly, the Hong Kong government established URA under the urban regeneration agency of the central government. The expansion of its organization for effective practices can be implied into current domestic position but it is important to acquire positive advantages of existing institutions which aims to inform current services or further developments of policies. Secondly, by taking the consideration of residents and local characteristics into serious account, the government's sustainable regeneration will be in progress. Thirdly, they need the Government's supporting system to encourage residents' participation and the role and responsibilities of the Government to Compensation and Immigration. Lastly, The organizations need to diverge from the limited guidelines and create new perspectives towards Urban Regeneration policies which claim the importance of integration between businesses, substantial strategies and nature of the systems.

In designing a series of alternative development strategies geared towards the regional competitiveness, due attention should be primarily given to how to interlink relevant technology and knowledge with regional industries. Reflecting upon spatial factors, even though Chungcheong Region's leading industries have recorded higher growth potentials than the national average, it seems so difficult to find specific evidence divulging inter- or intra-regional networking system among relevant organizations, even if it exists. In order to contribute to overcoming these types of limitations, this study analyzed Chungcheong Region‘s bio-pharmaceutical industry network and explored its structural, positional, and spatial characteristics. In specific, it focused on 1,450 national R&D projects under the Ministry of Knowledge Economy in Korea between 2000 and 2009. Concerned with analytical tools, it depended on the social network analysis techniques. The results presented that the Chungcheong Region's bio-pharmaceutical industry had 1,495 connections with a total of 545 organizations. On average, an organization in the network was interconnected with 2.627 organizations. Furthermore, universities within the Chungcheong Region were the most active in the bio-pharmaceutical network, keeping the highest positions in terms of centrality and betweenness values. Though most of the networking forms yielded the Capital Region-skewed types, the study partially confirmed the fact that Chungcheong Region's vernacular bio-pharmaceutical industry network became stronger over the research period.

This study identified the variables affecting the economic achievement on the basis of the satisfaction with project and demographic variables associated with the project in relation to the effect of the comprehensive rural village development project on the income of residents in order to set the direction for the comprehensive rural village development project. The results of study indicated the followings: First, The variance analysis on the positive effect of the comprehensive rural village development project showed that there were difference in terms of the growth in the number of visitors, rising land price, and living environment improvement depending on the regional area, while the negative effect varied in all sectors depending on the region. Second, The results of logistics regression analysis, which was performed to examine the variables pursuant to the satisfaction with project influencing the income increase of regional residents, suggested that only the income base factor had the significant meaning. Third, the logistics regression analysis on the factors affecting the economic achievement of the comprehensive rural village development project, which was conducted by applying the demographic variables, showed that personal income were more likely to increase when the residents education level was high and the farming scale(specifically, the self farming area) was large.

This study investigates the effect of commercial district ratio on the price of mercantile shops in the case of twenty eight Seoul metropolitan residential land development sites (RLDS). The research method is four types of multiple regression, namely linear, semi-log, inverse semi-log, and log-log model. The dependant variable is the demanding price per square meter of a mercantile shop for sale. The sample analyzed is three thousand and eighty units of shop. Among all models, the log-log one appears to be most persuasive. The facts found through it are summed up as follows; Firstly, the price of a mercantile shop comes 1) under negative influence of its own size (SIZE), the public district ratio (PDR) in the RLDS which it belongs to, the commercial district ratio (CDR), the neighbourhood utility district ratio (NUDR), the time elapsed (TE) since the completion of the RLDS development, and the distance of the RLDS from Kang-Nam Gu, Seoul (DK), 2) under positive influence of the stories number of the building (SNB) which it belongs to and the whole land size (WLS) of the RLDS, and 3) under positive or negative influence of the direction of the RLDS from Seoul City Hall and the floor which it belongs to. Secondly, judging by variable groups, the one most influent to the price of a mercantile shop proves to be the variables concerning to the shop's own characteristics, and the one secondly influent is confirmed to be the variables related with the RLDS' features, and the variable group concerned with the land use pattern of RLDS turns out to have relatively weak effect on the price. Thirdly, nevertheless, among the variables concerned with the land use pattern, the commercial district ratio (CDR) appears to exercise statistically very significant influence over the price.

Commercial space has transformed from a simple place where commodities are brought and sold to malling space such as shopping and entertainment. Moreover, with the advent of neo-liberalism, consumers have been more concerned with the value-oriented emotional consumption than the quantity-centered reasonable consumption, and valued complex consumption than unitary consumption, focusing on emotion and experience. under this circumstance, this study tries to investigate and verify distinctions from past commercial facilities, diverse aspects of consumption, and behavioral factors about thematic complex shopping mall by closely examining attraction factors and causes of complex shopping mall. The analysis have shown that locational factors, emotional and experiential factors, and thematic factors have a positive effect on visitor satisfaction both directly and indirectly and it also positively affects revisit intention with mutual relationship. As a result, It is critical for thematic complex shopping mall to extend customers' intended stay, induce their revisits, and ultimately maximize customer satisfaction in the way of providing space for leisure, culture and relaxation.