Earticle

This paper examines the formation and change of the internal spatial structure of Gwangju Metropolitan City(GMC) as a modern city from 1939 to 2007 by means of Gwangju City Plans. The major results in this study are as follows; The urban form of Gwangju City began the small radial city. As Gwangju City has expanded its territory, its urban form has been changed in the diverse types: 1) the one core inside of the 1st Loop Road in 1960s, 2) the linear type to Songjeong(West of Gwangju City) in 1970s, 3) L-type of 2 cores-2 axises in 1980s, 4) triangular type of 3 cores-3 axises in the first half of 1990s, 5) semi-circle type of 4 cores-3 axises in the latter half of 1990s, and 6) e-type of 4 cores-4 axises in 2000s. Finally, the suggestion for the desirable future spatial structure of GMC is made in accordance with the transition of GMC Master Plans. That urban spatial structure is the diamond type of 5 cores-8 subcores. As a result of this study, the urban functional redistribution is proposed for the purpose of the balanced development of GMC as follows; 1) Culture/Art Belt in the Old Downtown, 2) Administration/Business Belt in Sangmoo Newtown, 3) Industrial Complex in Songjeong, 4) Tourist/Sports Belt in Seochang Newtown.

This study aims to conduct a comparative study on the characteristics of population and employment suburbanization between Seoul and Beijing Metropolitan Regions, which are the Capital Regions of Korea and China, respectively. To do so, this study uses three methods: analysis on changes in population and employment densities by the distance from the CBD, population and employment density gradients, and a multiple regression model for measuring the effects of suburbanization on jobs-housing mismatch. Major findings from the analyses can be highlighted as follows: 1) Seoul has flatter density gradients than Beijing, indicating that Seoul's scale of suburbanization for both population and employment is larger than Beijing; 2) Unlike Seoul, suburban residents in Beijing have negative relationship with commuting distance, implying that Beijing's suburbs have shorter commuting distance than Seoul's suburbs. It hardly finds that Beijing's population suburbanization resulted in worsening jobs-housing balance, unlike Seoul and other Western countries.

The purpose of this study is to develop the indicators for evaluating growth potential in underdeveloped regions and to analyze the regional characteristics by the types of the growth potential. Based on the literature review and the experts survey, we selected 10 indicators in 5 categories(population, economy, industry, infrastructure, society). Then, by applying these indicators, we classified 85 regions into 3 types by the growth potential and reviewed the characteristics. The regions which fell into the top 30% of growth potential had superior financial status and regional productivity. Meanwhile, the lowest 30% regions showed low growth potential such as the population decrease, unsound finance, low productivity, and insufficient tourism facilities and college students. These findings would be applied usefully in establishing the development strategy of the regions based on their characteristics.

The purpose of this paper is to reclassify industries and analyze regional economic impacts by the ubiquitous and ecological city(U-Eco City) construction. U-Eco City is research concept and thus Sejong City, Chungnam-do and Gwanggyo new town, Gyeonggi-do being similar to it are chosen for case studies. First of all, we classify basic section items of the 404 input-output table of Bank of Korea by analysing the results of U-Eco City services, technologies and scenarios. And then reclassify U-Eco City industry into three hierarchical groups. We make a input coefficient table and calculate output multipliers, value-added multipliers, employment multipliers, indexes of the power dispersion and indexes of the sensitivity dispersion. This paper is the first paper assigned U-Eco City services and technologies to the input-output table of industrial classification and the result is to be a help for choice of U-Eco City services for the test-bed.

Up until recently, the national and local governments in Korea have focused on growing the small and mid-sized enterprises(SMEs) in local areas to achieve regional economic development. At the hub of this activity, the supporting agencies such as technoparks have played very significant role. This study, therefore, aims at investigating whether the technoparks in Korea have performed their roles for high-tech SMEs and identifying their economic impacts on regional economy. By focusing on the case of technopark development, the study reviews the process of technopark development in Korea and analyzes the impact of technoparks on the regional economy through regression analysis. From the empirical evidence, this study shows that each technopark has significant impact on not only increasing the number of local-based small and mid-sized enterprises, but also achieving regional development. The results of this study indicate that the existence of high-tech supporting agencies in a locality such as technoparks is very important to accomplish regional economic development. The policy implications for better regional success are twofold. First, the central and local governments should consider technoparks as a technology infrastructure for the socio-economic integration of a region. Second, the economic impacts of technoparks are large enough to justify the financial support from the governments in the future.

In 2009, recently, Gim and Kim developed a new “Output-Output(OO) model” and table, as an alternative approach of the Input-Output(IO) model and table, to solve the consecutive connection and homogeneous solution problems naturally together through the output requirements matrix for output Cg derived from the decomposition by factors in the Leontief inverse Cf. On the basis of the latest research findings, the specific objectives of this paper are summarized as follows. (1) We evaluate the role and relative importance of the construction sector in the Korean national economy as varied economic indicators. (2) We perform an economic impact analysis affected on the whole industrial sector of the business cycle in the construction sector through the newly developed Output-Output model by the authors. (3) We present some simulation tests on economic impact effects to derive the relative importance of each sector on the basis of 2007 Input-Output Tables compiled by the Bank of Korea. The simulation test on the total output (△x) was done by the assumptions of three different types: ① the existence of economic growth (rate) in the construction sector only, ② the existence of equalized growth rates in the whole sector, and ③ the existence of unequalized growth rates in the entire sector. Moreover, the Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (SRCC), , are specially computed to observe the relevant structural economic characteristics of each sector among the final output requirements (γ s), the labor requirements for the change of final output (△L(△0)), and the income requirements for the same change of final output (△Y(△0)).

In general, the agricultural village sightseeing programs today are facing limits in an induction of consumption, a creation of continuous demands and a production of incomes from agricultural products. This study attempts to develop an agricultural village sightseeing package with membership program to overcome these existing problems. The program suggested by this study, is a packaged product of accommodation, agricultural products and sightseeing program during the stay in agricultural villages. With an annual membership fee, the visitors can use or purchase the packaged sightseeing products either with free of charge or with discounted fee. This kind of sightseeing program enables the agricultural villages to accommodate visitors within a local area while the membership system ensures the stable demand and the packaging strategy links the visitors with purchase of agricultural products during sightseeing. In conclusion, it will contribute to create a stable foundation of income to an agricultural village. Along with the above, an analysis was developed to present the future prospect of this agricultural village sightseeing package with membership program as well as to come up with its profit strategy. In this study, the contingent valuation method (CVM) was employed as a methodology to predict a future demand of this sightseeing package. The use of existing analysis tools enabled to understand the preference of consumers upon the program in details and consequently, to establish a strategy to produce profit. A case study was conducted to determine the possibility of applying the above prediction and strategy in reality. Two agricultural village sightseeing packages with membership program were developed for two villages in Jeju region, one for Jeoji village in Jeju City and the other for Sinre village in Seogwipo City, in order to analyze the demand fro these two programs. This case study also enabled to come up with the best price to produce the maximum profit.

This study was aimed at analyzing how attributes of spa destinations influenced visitor satisfaction and behavior intention. These analyses were based on the Visitors’ Survey conducted in Duksan Spa in Duksan. The results are as follows: First, according to the factor analyses about the characteristics of selecting spa destinations, six factors had effects on the choice of spa destinations based on the order of priority: facilities of the spa, accessibility, water quality of the spa and surrounding areas, costs and prices, hospitality and shopping opportunities, and tourism destination. Second, visitor satisfaction was determined by the following factors based on the order of importance: tourism destination, water quality of the spa and surrounding areas, facilities of the spa, and accessibility. In conclusion, the overall visitor satisfaction with the spa destination positively affected visitor loyalty, that is, their intention to revisit the place and recommend it to others.

The purpose of this study is to examine the causal relationships among the perception of the Collective Efficacy, the Local Brand Image, the Local Brand Attitude, and the Local Brand Loyalty and to find policy implications on successful local development and place marketing's strategies. To achieve this purpose, this study reviews the existing literatures about the Efficacy, the Regional Brand and the Brand Equity, and then formulates some study hypotheses, and finally verifies them using a structural equation model. The main results of this study are as follows. 1) The Collective Efficacy affects the Local Brand Images which are the Tourism Image and the Investment Image. 2) The Collective Efficacy affects the Local Brand Attitude and the Local Brand Loyalty. 3) The Brand Images have statistically significant effects on the Local Brand Attitude. 4) The Local Brand Loyalty is affected by the Local Brand Attitude. The policy implications of theses finding is as follow. In order to make successfully the Local Brand Equity which are included by the Brand Image, the Brand Attitude, and the Brand Loyalty. The Local Government should make the best efforts to enhance residents participation by the program. That is to say, The local authorities and the local residents should work together in the local community's business such as the Local Festival or the Place Marketing Programs.