Earticle

본 연구는 2000년 일본 후쿠이지역 산업연관표를 이용하여 분석목적에 따라 안경산업을 별도의 부문으로 구분하여 후쿠이지역 산업연관표를 새로 작성하고, 이로부터 안경산업의 산업연관구조를 분석하였다. 이러한 분석결과를 대구지역 안경산업의 연관구조와 비교분석하여 시사점을 제시하였다.후쿠이 지역의 안경산업은 일본 안경산업이 가장 집중된 집산지이지만, 후쿠이현 전체 산업에서 차지하는 산출액 비중은 1.9%, 취업자 수 비중은 1.7% 정도였다. 후쿠이지역 안경산업의 중간투입률은 48.8%이고, 중간수요율은 4.6%에 불과하다. 반면에 대구지역 안경산업의 중간투입률은 67.0%, 중간수요율은 56.1%이다. 후쿠이현 안경산업의 중간수요율이 크게 낮은 것은 중간수요 제품을 주로 중국 등 수입에 의해서 조달하기 때문이다. 안경산업의 최종수요별 수입유발계수가 평균 0.00555로 상대적으로 높아 이를 대변하고 있다. 후쿠이지역 안경산업의 연관구조를 분석해 본 결과, 소득유발계수는 0.5955로 약간 높지만, 전후방 연관효과(각각 0.5228, 0.9657)나 각종 승수의 값(산출승수 1.9299, 고용승수 1.9222, 부가가치승수 1.9565)이 중간이하 수준이라 성장 유망산업으로 보기가 어려웠다. 반면에 대구시 안경산업은 후방연관효과가 높고, 입지계수가 높으며 부가가치승수와 산출승수는 전체산업 중 중상정도로 상대적으로 높은 수치를 보여 지역의 대표적인 특화산업이었다.안경산업 부문을 외생부문으로 처리하여 안경산업이 여타 산업에 미치는 생산 및 부가가치 유발효과를 계산하면, 후쿠이 지역은 대 사업소 서비스업(생산유발효과 0.1208, 부가가치유발효과 0.0875)에 가장 높은 영향을 미쳤고, 그 다음 요업 및 토석제품(0.0854, 0.0282), 기타 제조업 제품, 교육연구업, 금속제품 등에 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 대구지역도 산업분류상 약간 차이를 보였지만 비슷한 양상을 보였다. 대구지역 안경산업의 육성을 위해서는 일본 후쿠이지역의 사례를 참고하여 안경산업 브랜드를 육성시키고, 단순 집적지를 혁신클러스터로 육성시켜야 할 것이다.

Is fengshui(風水) a scientific theory or magic divination?As the theory of settlement space - a framework of settlement locations(capital, city, village, building, landscape, house and tomb), fengshui has influenced positive and negative effects on Korean culture from ancient time to now. These two sides of fengshui are related to two stream of theorizing about settlement location through Chinese history. Before Qin-Han(秦漢) dynasties, the decision making process of settlement location are dual courses; first step is to search locational alternatives with empirical fengshui knowledge, second step is to decide a appropriate location by tortoise carapaces or bamboo sticks divination. It means that settlement location processes were divided between scientific knowledge and magic divination. From Qin-Han dynasties, the yin-yang and five elements theory on qi(氣) monism has established. It provided a theorizing framework for fengshui. Then fengshui has mixed with empirical knowledge and divination in terms of the monism of qi, yin-yang and five elements. It referred to justify divination with scientific knowledge. As a result, it had transformed fengshui to fengshui divination which has a negative impacts on oriental culture. Fengshui divination means that fengshui has become a determinant factor for the fortune of individual, family, clan and even kingdom. This is an outcome of scientific confusion and fallacy ; to interpret fortune of individual, family, clan and even kingdom with respect to divination tools on hermeneutic interpretation form, however to prescribe settlement locations and arrangements in terms of scientific explanation form. Finely fengahui divination has been called a false religion or an idol worship. From now, it needs to divide fengshui as a scientific explanatory knowledge and fengshui divination as a fortune interpretation.

Solar City Daegu Project(SCDP) represents a comprehensive model for shaping the future of Daegu city of 2.5 million residents with a mixed industrial and services economic base. Its specific aims are as follow: realization of a carbon footprint consistent with standards of global sustainability and equity; the development of renewable energy based urban community and economy; and the pursuit of economic development that meets the needs of Daegu's citizens in a manner that is culturally and ecologically sound. We evaluated specifically the photovoltaic(PV) systems among various concrete SCDP. We conducted the economic-environmental analysis for 8 separate PV systems which have been connected to the monitoring system at the Research Institute for Energy, Environment and Economy, and accumulated real generation data on web-based database system. We show that the economics of the PV projects can be improved if 70% of the investment would be charged by the system owners and the full cost rate(for the below 30kW, 711.25 won/kWh; for the above 30kW, 677.38 won/kWh) would be warranted for the life span of the system. And it is suggested that the environmental impacts such as greenhouse gas reductions be considered in the economic analysis of PV systems.

Land Suitability Assessment(LSA) is operating to prevent unplanned development of non-urbanized area and lead the balance of development and conservation. But various problems of LSA are appeared because there aren't enough experience of operation. Especially the difference of results between systemⅠ and systemⅡ is deteriorated the confidence of LSA.This study is purposed to improve the methods in LSA systemⅡ. LSA systemⅡ is a method used for a simplified assessment of small scale development. This paper show some of the problems of assessment systemⅡ and present alternatives. The first alternative is to establish the database supply system for LSA. The second alternative is to change the unfit assessment index for the regional characteristics. Final alternative is to reform the guide for the balancing the LSA systemⅠ.

Recently in Korea, from the perspective of balanced territorial development, how to reflect problems and issues related to non-capital regions on plans for the capital region has been emerging as an important but tricky issue to address. The study analyses considerations for non-capital regions of France presented in the four regional plans for the Ile-de-France, formulated from the 1960's to the 2000's. It explores the spatial and institutional context of each of the four plans of France, and then analyzes goals, constitution and governance system of each plan, from which to draw policy implications for Korea. In France, up to the 1990's, plans for the capital region had been a policy tool for balanced territorial development as well as spatial management of the region. But the most recent version of the plan, or the SDRIF 2030, is evolving to a plan only for region's spatial management and development strategy establishment.

Classification of individuals with homogeneous travel behavior into group has been an significant issue to travel behavior for a long time. Travel behavior analysis is performed by travel similarity based on interpersonal variability and intrapersonal variability. However, in spite of significance of intrapersonal variability, only interpersonal variability has been applied for travel behavior analysis. That reason is that there is one day travel data and for lack of analysis tools. The researches so far have considered that individual travel behavior is composed of such independent activities and disregarded the sequence and duration of activities. The paper analyzes the similarity of travel pattern including intrapersonal variability based on activity, travel mode, travel starting time, and companions. The study estimates intrapersonal variability through four dimensional sequence analysis method of DANA攀 네덜란드 아이호벤대학 Urban Planning Group에서 제공 하였음攀攀, and then intrapersonal variability and trip frequence are used to classify individuals into groups by Cluster Analysis. Finally, 3-Stage Least Square Estimation is applied to estimate the sensitivity on clusters according to the change of travel behavior and socio-economic characteristics of individuals.

본 논문은 서울대도시권의 주변지역에서 일어나고 있는 산업성장의 양상과 이에 의하여 지방정부의 재정에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 서울대도시권 주변지역을 서울로부터의 거리에 따라 3개의 지역으로 구분할 때 산업성장의 패턴은 이들 지역별로 상이한 양상을 보이고 있음을 분석결과는 보여주고 있다. 한편 주변지역에서의 산업의 확산과 지방정부 재정과의 상호연관성을 규명하기 위한 회귀분석의 결과는 산업개발밀도와 도로시설이 지방재정과 밀접한 관련이 있음을 보여준다. 고밀도 산업개발은 주변부 부분지역별로 다르기는 하지만 대체로 주변부 지방정부의 지방재정 건강성을 강화시키는 반면 높은 수준의 도로시설 재고는 오히려 지방재정을 위축하는 요인으로 작용한다. 연구결과는 대도시권 주변부의 산업입지와 산업성장 정책에서 부분지역별로 차별화된 산업개발밀도를 계획적으로 유도하고 정부의 산업개발지원은 중심도시로부터 원거리에 위치한 주변부지역에 우선적으로 투여하는 것이 필요함을 암시한다.

The objective of this study is to analyze spill-over effects of infrastructure investments on productivities of manufacturing sectors using a spatial weight matrix. This paper finds that the road shock has a positive effect on the productivity both in the invested region and its neighboring regions. The effects on the productivities of the latter regions are estimated as about half of those on the former region. The marginal effects of the road shock on the manufacturing productivity tend to gradually decrease down over the time.

This study is to identify the distribution of collective social capital based on the types of neighborhood resident organization. For that purpose, neighborhood resident organization is categorized into four types: voluntary service association, friendship association, interest based association, and governmental supportive association. In addition, social capital is classified into four categories: resident ties, institutional trust, tolerance, and political participation. An empirical analysis was carried out by applying a multiple regression and one-way ANOVA methods to 767 questionnaire data collected in two administrative Dongs at Daejeon Metropolitan City. The result, first of all, shows that participation in neighborhood resident organization influences the level of social capital. Depending on the types of neighborhood resident organization, in addition, there appears mostly statistically significant difference in the level of social capital. Furthermore, residential type appears to influence the distribution of social capital based on different types of neighborhood resident organization. The result also shows the statistically significant difference in organizational collective efficacy depending on the types of neighborhood resident organization. The conclusion provides some implications of research result.

Saemaul Undong launched in Korea in 1970 has been evaluated as best practice on rural community development by UNESCAP in 2002. Especially Saemaul Undong contributed so much to alleviating rural poverty in Korea through 1970s and 1980s. Even though Saemaul Undong was initiated by highly centralized Korean government in 1970s, it evoked diligence, self-help and cooperation spirit at village level, thereby cultivating 'governance system' and accumulating 'social capital' in Korean rural society. In this line, this article aims at reviewing the pilot project of Saemaul Undong sponsored by UNESCAP in Lao PDR and Cambodia in the point of social capital and governance from 2004 to the first half of 2005. In this article social capital is defined as trust among village people to build commonality, citizen participation to establish common goals, network to maintain neighborhood, social norm or institution to mobilize community resources and to build safety net, and altruism to create common interest. In the other part, governance is approached from the point of implementing organization and implementing methodology of the pilot project of Saemaul Undong. The data was collected by field survey on the pilot project sites twice in 2005 and through workshop held in Lao PDR and Cambodia in December, 2005. In conclusion, the pilot project of Saemaul Undong in Lao PDR and Cambodia has been proved efficient and effective to accumulate social capital and to cultivate governance, even though the circumstance in both countries is somewhat different from that in Korea in 1970s and 1980s. This shows that the methodology of Saemaul Undong can be applied to other developing countries as best practice to develop rural community as it worked in Korea through 1970s and 1980s.

The objective of this study is to explore the direct and indirect impact of manufacturing activities in Gyeonggi province on the generation of green house gases(GHG), which has become a subject of increasing attention due to the climate change issue, by using a regional input-output model in 2000. The study focuses on carbon dioxide, which accounts for 95% of GHG. The results reveal that although Gyeonggi's total output accounted for 20.9% of Korea's total output, Gyeonggi's industry consumed relatively less energy, accounting for only 8.3% of total industry energy consumption. Furthermore, carbon dioxide emission factors and carbon dioxide inducement coefficients in Gyeonggi's major manufacturing activities such as semiconductor and computers, electronic and other electric equipment, motor vehicle, and construction were moderately low due to low energy intensities and industrial mix effect. From these results, we conclude that policy makers should consider to implement industrial policies for GHG reduction in regional level.

Korean regional festivals have been booming in recent years with the revitalization of local autonomy. But the best sightseeing festival award system by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism distorts the direction of almost of them toward sightseeing oriented theme although the traditional and contemporary functions of them have still their own thanksgiving and the residents' altogether entertainment purposes. In addition to it, the resultant competitive environment call upon the critics including regional newspapers to propel the theme conversion of them from the conventional.But the results of the consecutive surveys in this paper show that the citizens in the case study region support the conventional function, succession and development of regional traditional culture and arts, as well as the contemporary needs for fulfilling the lack of their mass entertainment opportunities. The paper also suggests the efficient propulsion strategies such as reinforcing annual rating-rewarding system for the unit programs, establishing responsible and powerful festival executing committee and expert staff office, and the vital coordination with the settlement of annual work schedule as some of reality-base ones.

The Second Phase New Town development is in process, since 2000. So, the evaluation on the on going project is not proper. However, the planning indices, planning tools, and ways of developments can be compared, between the First Phase and Second Phase New Towns. The level of physical environments is actually advanced, than that of the First Phase, especially the planning techniques such as eco-planning, mass transit, and U-city planning are strikingly advanced.However, the reconfiguration of spatial structure in SMA, land compensation and management of the bordering area, sharing of infrastructure cost, and the provision of rental housing is still debating issues.