Earticle

Recently the metaphor approach of DNA of manager’ competencies have been emergent in organizational innovation field. Based on the logic of Dyer et al.(2011)’s innovator’s Model, this study tried to investigate relationship between innovation DNA and technology innovation in Korean SMEs context. The empirical results from the 110 data of SMEs, we find positive relation between innovation DNA and technology innovation in general. It was found that positive impacts on between discovery DNA and both the product innovation and process innovation, but the only significant positive effects between operating DNA and process innovation. The equilibrium synergy effects of discovery DNA and operating DAN has been found on the product innovation. Finally, the key genetic factors of discovery DNA on the product innovation come from association and networking, but process innovation from the mix networking of discovery DNA and implementing of operation DNA.

It is tried to draw the failure traits of new business by extracting from previousfailure studies. All of 5 patterns are drawn through total 9 types of study data. From ‘synergy obsession’ which is mentioned 6 times in such 9 studies, to ‘technicalproblem’, which is mentioned 4 times, the types which are mentioned at least 4 timesare selected. There are drawn 5 types including △synergy obseesion △adherence tothe existing business practices △lack of entrepreneurship △overvaluation ofself-ability and △technical problem. As being examined in these 5 types of failure traits, the failure of new business isultimately happened because of communication heading for the inside without anycommunication(exchange) to the outside. Compared with other various studies to draw failure factors, these new businesstraits have something in common. In the previous researches conducted by the studyof general failure factors, △ adherence to pre-existing business and resistance tochange △unfeasible expansion strategy △blind faith in successful technology andinnovation and △insufficiency to grasp competitor(consumer) are pointed out as thefailure factors. It is deemed that these are happened because business managementis headed for the inside without any communication (exchange) to the externalenvironments. Matters unfolded through this paper until now are an attempt to apply the failureknowledge to a new business part which is an individual field in businessadministration. It is considered that this study will be complemented throughadditional case study or quantitative analysis in the future.

Community enterprise promotion project being pushed ahead by the MOSPA(Ministry of Security and Public Administration), has played a key role in creatinglocally tailored jobs that have taken the economic, social, and cultural environment ofthe region into consideration, and revitalizing the local economy. By providing thelocal residents and socio-economically disadvantaged individuals with relatively easyjobs, community enterprises can contribute significantly towards stabilizing theirliving conditions and stimulating the local economy. The purpose of this study is to propose the possibility that community enterprisescan become an important part of the job creation policy, and suggest measures tofacilitate them through an investigation of the current status of the communityenterprises in Busan. Results from the status survey show a decline in the amountof equity invested, out-of-pocket payment, and the number of members but anincrease in the debt level in 2013, compared to 2011. Accordingly, it is important toset a target ratio of out-of-pocket money with an aim to reach the goal in the nextfew years, and develop a policy designed to increase it gradually every year. It isalso essential to improve the performance of the community business bystrengthening its operational efficiency through an increase in the number of localresidents, the amount of equity invested, and investment ratio. Moreover, it is crucial to establish a financial market specifically for the community enterprises to help keeptheir operating environment from getting worse due to the increased debt load. Various measures have been suggested for developing a viable plan to protect andstrengthen their business as community enterprises are expected to operateindependently and have full discretion in making employment decisions when the2-year subsidy program comes to an end. This study is meaningful in and of itselfas it can help lay the foundation for existing studies on community enterpriseswhich provided no useful information to derive any valid conclusions to date.

This study focuses on branding, which is emerging as one of key factors forcorporate growth, and analyzes and discusses project cases of Korean imageproducts with the aim of helping companies to move away from an OEM-dependentmanagement structure, and explore branding strategies. The methodologies include analysis of project cases, suggestion of brand identityelements for branding, and discussions on branding strategies using brands forKorean image products. The findings can be summarized as follows:First, in order to establish brand identity the study created visual elements ontrademarks and service marks to represent Korean images in order to deliver thevisual characteristics of “branding of Korean image products” and explore thepossibility of branding. Second, it was found that the positioning of brands may lead to the differentiationof Korean image products and the inducement of continued interest, whilestorytelling that combines Korean traditions and modern trends may lead toenhanced product competitiveness, and creative design that capitalizes on theuniqueness of Korean images can serve to improve brand image. Third, the utilization of diverse media such as fairs, exhibitions, and culturalexperience events was found to be an effective means of communicating branding toconsumers. The branding strategies of Korean image products may lead to academic-industrialcooperation style branding, and the strategy of differentiating Korean products through branding may contribute to enhancing the economic independence of smalland medium-sized companies, which may drive businesses to seek brand values.

Due to the global economic uncertainty and polarization, the problem of unemployment along with a rapid expansion of capitalism has been appearing more today. Youth employment, especially, has been increasing steadily and social enterprise is one of the solutions to this realistic problem. Social entrepreneurship and its pertinent intentions have been the subject of interest in establishing social enterprise. Thus, this study researched the effects of social entrepreneurship on the entrepreneurial intentions. We resulted with four factors of social entrepreneurship such as innovativeness, risk taking, proactiveness and orientation to social values, and that these have significant influences on the entrepreneurial intentions. In addition, a hierarchical analysis method called AHP analysis showed that the four factors had an order of orientation to social values, innovativeness, proactiveness and risk taking. Finally, the study showed that each factor evaluates social enterprises’ priorities in establishment. With the results of the study, there are some limitations as followed: first, the study was conducted using a convenient sampling method. Second, since responses were collected at the different point of the study, there is a time gap among respondents. Third, the study needs improvements through longitudinal study because the cross-sectional study could not rule out the alternative explanations.

This study examined factors associated with competitive advantage of medical tourism in Korea based on the M. Porter's diamond model approach. The four determinants of competitive advantage of medical tourism that were examined in this study include: 1) Factor Conditions, 2) Demand Condition, 3) Related and Supporting Enterprisers, 4) Firm Strategy, Structure and Rivalry. This study found that medical tourism industry in Korea has weakness in the areas of Factor Condition, Related & Supporting Enterprisers and Firm Strategy, Structure and Rivalry. On the other hand, it has strengths in terms of Demand Conditions because of the diverse demands for medical services quality and price from patients, segment marketing for customers and improved recognition of the health industry of Korea. The results of this study provide an insight into the development of local medical tourism that can be used for enhancing the capacity of Korean medical tourism.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of entrepreneur qualities on business performance of small enterprises and the moderating effects of government support programs including fund support, training, and consulting service. Target population of the study was small enterprises operating in different lines of businesses from service to manufacturing in or near Ulsan. Sample size of this study was 350 small lines of businesses. Responses of the subjects were collected through questionnaires administered on the owners of small firms and the data are analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). A total of six hypotheses are proposed and tested. The regression analysis result shows that achievement need and activeness among entrepreneur qualities have significant positive effects on business performance. Fund support and consulting service among government support programs have also significant positive effects on business performance. In addition, government support programs have moderating effect on the relationship between entrepreneur qualities and business performance of small enterprises.

In order to have answered according to our major research object which states the main effect of IPO on the firm's open innovation. This paper will be the first study to investigate differences in open innovation levels before and after companies’ IPOs through a quantitative patent analysis. We found that patent applications remarkably increased after IPO, especially during the three years before and after IPO. We could find out 3 implications from this research. First, Firms choose different open innovation strategies between before and after of IPI. Even though firms’ patent application during 3 years after IPO decreased, the level of open innovation during this period increased. Maybe firms choose different open innovation strategy after IPO normally. Second, Firms’ open innovation increase from just before 3 years of IPO. This means that firms increase open innovation to make successful situation for IPO. If any firm wants to succeed in IPO, it has to increase open innovation. Third, open innovation strategy chosen by firms are very different according to situations such as belonging industries, firm’s volume, and firms’ state at the belonging market.