Earticle

This study was a case study applying re-decisional therapy of transactional analysis to a woman struggling to recover her gender identity. She lost her sense of gender identity after a few sexual violence against her. She experienced sexual violence by an employee at her father's company at her early age. When she was at the 6 grade, a newspaper delivery man took an sexual assault. At that time her father was bankrupt. After then, as she got sexual relationship what she doesn't want to have in University, she had a hatred for man and could not adjust with man coworkers at company. It is used the re-decisional therapy of transactional analysis to cure this case. This study reviews the background of re-decisional therapy and analyzes the consulting case of re-decisional therapy skill. As a result, it is proved that re-decisional therapy is effective for woman who has difficulty in daily life without her gender identity through negative experience in past to settle her gender identity and get back to active life. It is difficult to generalize the effectiveness of re-decisional therapy with only one case of study considering peculiarity of case study. But it is helpful for patient who need to get various approach in clinical therapy

The purpose of this study was to improve abused wives' the self-esteem, the marital satisfaction and the treatment factors through psychodrama. Participants of this study were 10 persons at a domestic violence shelter in G city. Psychodrama was progressed 8 sessions for 2 hours per week from July lst, 2008. The Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test was used to compare the pre and post effects of the program in the same group with SPSS Windows 14. The Self-esteem did not show statistically significant change, the marital satisfaction and the treatment factors showed. Implications of social welfare practice are that psychodrama needs to be expanded further. The marital satisfaction scale can be used to measure the effectiveness of psychodrama on the abused wives. Psychodrama is activity-centered program. So if we could build up trust relationship with participants in the early stages, the program will be more effective.

This study investigated the effectiveness of receptive music therapy to reduce postoperative pain. 11 subjects aged 9 to 18 who underwent orthopedic surgery because of short stature and dysmelia in K hospital participated in the individual receptive music therapy session after 24 hours of surgery. Pain intensity was measured with visual analogy scale. The selected music for the receptive music therapy was instrumental music and was chosen and programmed through inquiry before the session. The receptive music therapy session aimed at relaxing and distracting the perceived pain and it lasted for 30 minutes. The results of this study showed that in VAS measurement 10 of 11 subjects reported the effectiveness of the receptive music therapy to reduce pain. However, the blood pressure and pulse change of the subjects were not statistically significant.

The purpose of this study was to develop a method measuring children's anxiety level. First, this scale is compaed to other scales and diagnostic systems. The target on this study was consist of total 2234 elementary school children, and the collected data from the survey was processed for analysis by using 17.0 spss. The result of this study is as follows: Firstly, w have verified to constructed validity, convergent validity and the concurrent validity for the validity of the scales developed in this study. The result showed that many of the items in the scale appeared to be plausible, the two items with lower factorial loadings values were excluded. And the verification of the reliabilty also revealed Cronbach's coefficient alpha and test-retest reliability of the scale is also formidable. Consequently this Child Anxiety Scale is constructed 32 items with 6 subscale as 'separated anxiety', 'social anxiety', 'generalized anxiety', 'obsessive-compulsive anxiety', 'panic anxiety', and 'test anxiety'. And it is demonstrate excellent validity and reliability to use research for child anxiety study.

Art Therapy as a view point of shamanism made healing through many kinds of creative work like shaman does. And this study was not only understand the systematic trend of shamanism but also examine and analyse in the shamanism related to Art Therapy and spiritual remedy. And especially through the analysis of shamanism the healing by Art therapy take a specific point and expand it to the core of shamanism. Therefore dance movement same as therapy as equal art activity as scientific healing action an example for approaching by anthropological consciousness, symbol, myth, archetype etc regarding psychology and psychoanalysis. This study shows that dance and movement as analytic psychological art therapy to shamanism is used as one of the tool and process which attain ecstasy for healing from many objects. Art therapy is useful for the point of view of various theory include healing which art work itself has and of analytic psychological view. Relations between performs of shamanism to Art therapy utilize to psychological healing because the primitive dance movement expressed the internal feeling is to change mind by its healing characteristics. From the psychological view, true dance movement make us high level of wisdom through body motion. Jung took precaution that modern people do not investigate inner oneself and get something external but inner becomes empty more and more. Thus we should have much interest to mythology telling our inner and an expressive symbol.

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of music therapy activity on cognitive function and depression of day-care elders. The subject of this study was a single group which consists of 12 elderly men and women who were cared by a welfare center in 00gu of Daejeon city, who received music therapy program 50 minutes per week from June 4th in 2009 to September 10th in 2009, overall 15 times. The cognitive function of the subject was measured by Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea(MMSE-K), and their degree of depression was measured by Korean Form of Geriatric Depression Scale(KGDS). The collected data was analyzed by comparative analysis using average and standard deviation of the group, and whether the cognitive function and the depression of them had got better was verified by paired t-test. SPSS12 program was applied for statistic process, and the result is as follows; Those conclude that cognition does not degenerate naturally, and musical intervention among external stimulation was an instrument which helps the aged to keep a better life by stimulating cognition and sense of emotional depression. In addition, music therapy activity for medical intervention should play an important role more, and the application of music therapy activity needs to be extended.

This research aimed to analyze the family-related stress perceived by the long-term convicts through the ethnographic methods. To this end, 9 out of 1,283 convicts from B prison were selected to have each of them individually interviewed for 2 sessions, respectively, along with an observation of them through a 1 night 2 day family camp. Based on the results, the research carried out the procedures of area analysis, classification analysis and component analysis. As a result of the research, the family-related areas of stress perceived by the long-term convicts were analyzed and classified into broadly including the spouse-related stress, offspring-related stress and parents and siblings-related stress. Also classified into 3 factors of a lack of communication, a lack of affinity and trust and a lack of role as well as 11 detailed areas. They are summarized as follows. A great deal of stress coming from a lack of affinity and trust come first, a lack of role as second and a lack of communication in the last by the long-term convicts in common family relations. And classified by the family member, it's confirmed that spouse-related stress comes first, offspring-related stress as second and parents and siblings-related stress in the last by the long-term convicts. Based on the results above, some suggestions were made to improve the long-term convicts’ family relationship so that they could lead a healthy life in a society after their release from prison.

This research was to find out if Diagnostic Drawing Series(DDS) can be used as a tool to diagnose and assort schizophrenic patients. For this, the differences of DDS response characteristics between schizophrenic patients and normal people are studied and the differences depending on different sexes and symptoms of patient groups are studied. The target group for this research, 100 schizophrenic patients who were hospitalized in psychiatric closed ward, nursing home and mental hospitals located in 00 region in Gyeongsangnam-do dialect and 100 normal people aged between 20∼60. The data was analyzed by using SPSS 17.0 program to verify the difference in DDS of schizophrenic patients and normal people by Cross tabulation Analysis. The results of this research are as follow. Firstly, the schizophrenic patients and normal people have shown meaningful differences in all of 6 patterns(colors, shapes, form, contents, existence and nonexistence and other evaluation criteriacolor) of DDS. Secondly, DDS drawing response characteristic depending on the symptoms of schizophrenic patients has shown partially meaningful differences in forms, contents and existence and nonexistence evaluation criteria among 6 types of patterns. The patient group with mixed symptoms showed more space usage compared to other patient group and the patient group with positive symptom showed more word and animal inclusion.

This study was to learn the effectiveness of art therapy in the level of acculturative stress and self-efficacy among Chinese students in Korea. Six Chinese students who were taking Korean language courses at N university participated in this study. The Acculturative Stress Scale, PITR(Person in the Rain), and SES(Self Efficacy Scale) were used. From March 17 to April 29 in 2008, total 12 group art therapy sessions were given to the participants at a normal college classroom. The Wilcox Ranks Sum test was used to analyze the data. The results indicates that positive effects of the process of group art therapy in Chinese students in Korea whose acculturative stress continuously reduces, so even after a follow-up test. However, there was no significant effect on the students' self-efficacy. This study offers that the group art therapy can be a helpful counseling method for Chinese students around us who are dealing with psychological difficulties due to acculturation.

This was one case study using integrative art therapy to help a college female student to overcome her problem through finding her true self. Founded on Wadeson’s(1987, 1995) point of view that art therapy is a new unity, this study is a case study which based on Hill and O’ Brian’s (1999) three stages of therapy model. That program was consist of the person-centered therapeutic stage for exploration (1～2sessions), the psychoanalytic stage for insight (3～6sessions), and the cognitive-behavior therapeutic stage for action (7～10sessions) for a coed try to find her true self. Ten sixty minutes sessions were conducted once a week from September until December in 2009. The result show: Firstly, features and strategies of each stage for exploration, insight, and action. Secondly, this study could observe client's changes throughout session and stage. The result suggests that integrative art therapy contributes to development art therapists' professional abilities that help client’s personal growth. In addition, it also contributes to literatures in art therapy field from multidisciplinary approaches as well as a step forward to unique identity of art therapy both theoretically and practically.

The purpose of this study was two-fold: 1)to provide increased understanding of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction(MBSR) for art therapists who are interested in incorporating mindfulness meditation into their interventions, and thus 2)to explore the possible links between MBSR and art therapy. This study gathered data from two main sources of the objective and subjective nature. The objective data came from the literature review in the fields of mindfulness, MBSR and art therapy, and the subjective data from the author's experience as a US-trained MBSR teacher. Since MBSR forms the foundation for MBAT, understanding MBSR as taught in the Center for Mindfulness, where it originated, is crucial. Data gathered through literature review and professional experience led to the following three conclusions: 1)decentering(transcendence), and embodiment(immanence)comprise the two main healing mechanisms of mindfulness meditation, and thus of MBSR; 2)MBSR, which is known to be a very effective mindfulness-based intervention in its own right, can be used integratively with art therapy to create an environment conducive to creativity and openness. The links between mindfulness and art therapy can be found from many approaches in art therapy; 3)if well integrated, MBSR and art therapy can produce synergistic effects for healing because of their complementary nature of emptiness(achieved through seeing things as they are)and creative expression(achieved through active imagination). This study is limited in that no pilot study was conducted and the focus of the study was inclined toward the MBSR aspect, thus leaving many aspects related to MBAT unsolved.

This study was to inquire into expressional aspects of LMT pictures drawn by groups of elementary school students. They are selected from three schools in Jeju-do, ranging from 1st to 6th grade. Also the study subjects are classified into several groups by their gender and grade. And the research material is 431 pictures drawn by them. The LMT scoring index is composed of 87 indexes for the items of river, mountain, dry field, road, house, tree, person, flower, animal, stone․rock. The crosstabulation is carried out to analyze the materials. The results are as follows. Boy students draw a river in the whole space of drawing paper, a road connected to a river, five mountain peaks and more, pet animals or domestic animals, and other animals excluding a rabbit. On the other hand, girl students stand out detailed expressional ability in the LMT pictures. Especially in the expression of facial look, a dry field crop, a doorway, five flowers and more. It means that girl students are much interested in the outer materials than boy students, and also that girl students have a high tendency to express them beautifully and aesthetically. The low grades draw a levelling river, round mountain ranges, a border line of dry field, a road in the whole space of drawing paper in the vertical direction, a plane house, one tree, one person. The middle grades draw a steep mountain ranges, a dry field crop, a flat road, a house in the right side of drawing paper, a moving person, a person in the wide space of drawing paper. The high grades draw a river with mixing color, a road connected to a river, a bridge, a mountain, a road connected to other elements, a road with sense of reality in coloring, one road, a tree with three colors and more in a tree.