Earticle

The purpose of this study was to analyze physical education classes stress factors and the difference between that felt by elementary school students and that by middle school students and to activate the physical education classes. This study collected and analyzed questionnaire data on the target of 588 students enrolled in elementary school students and middle school students located in C city. Results of the analyses were as the following. First, all of the elementary school students and middle school students felt physical education class stresses, and the analysis of the groups showed the difference between middle school students and elementary school students. All of the factors showed the stress in the second graders of middle schools, the first graders of middle schools, and elementary school students in order. It meant that the higher their grades were, the more physical education class stresses students felt. Second, the analysis of the stress difference based on gender showed that girl students felt more physical education class stresses as compared with boy students. Third, elementary school students and middle school students showed the difference in the factors of 「learning contents」, 「Insufficient confidence」, 「burden on examinations」, 「condition of facilities and circumstances」, and 「dissatisfaction with teachers」, and middle school students felt more stresses as compared with elementary school students. Fourth, elementary school students responded that two factors of 「dissatisfaction with teachers」and 「burden on examinations」 had an influence on the satisfaction with physical education classes and middle school students responded that so did three factors of 「learning contents」, 「burden on examinations」, and 「dissatisfaction with teachers.」

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between service quality and intention to continue participation in sports club. To achieve the purpose of study, 386 samples who were 4th, 5th, and 6th grade in elementary school, and participated in sport clubs were selected by using convenience sampling method. Questionnaire developed by Huh(1997) and used by Bang(2003)was used to measure the service quality in sports club. Also, questionnaire used by Jang(2005) was modified to measure the intention to continue participation in sports club. Frequency analysis, Cronbach α, confirmatory factor analysis were used to examine the reliability and validity of questionnaires. T-test and ANOVA were also used to find out the difference between socio-demographic variables and independent/dependent variables. relationship between service quality and intention to continue participation in sports club was examined by using multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows. First, male students showed higher satisfaction on service quality of the sport club and higher intention to continue participation in sport club than female's. Second, students in lower grade showed higher satisfaction of program in service quality. Third, service quality of sports club significantly influenced positive intention to continue participation in sports club.

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of taekwondo training on young children's self-esteem and social adaptability. The subjects in this study were 60 young children who were enrolled in classes of age 5 to 7 in kindergarten and daycare center in Seocho, Gangnam, Seoul. After an experimental group and a control group were organized with 30 children each, the experimental group underwent taekwondo training in optional classes five times a week. The training was conducted 70 times for 14 weeks, and each lesson lasted 50 minutes. The instrument used to assess the self-esteem of the preschoolers was Kim Yeoung-suk(1997)'s revised version of Harter & Pike(1984)'s Self- Esteem Scale for Five- and Six-Year-Olds, which was a preschooler self-awareness scale. To evaluate their kindergarten adaptability, the kindergarten adaptability segment of Lee Weon-yeoung, Park Chan-ok and Nho Yeoung-hee(1993)'s Prosocial Inventory was employed, which adapted and modified McGrinnis and Goldstein(1990)'s Skill Situations Measure. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS Ver. 13.0 program, and Independent-samples t-test and paired-samples t-test were utilized. The independent-samples t-test was implemented to see if the groups were equivalent and if they showed any improvement, and paired-samples t-test was carried out to look for any possible gaps between their pretest and posttest scores. The findings of the study about the research questions were as follows: First, taekwondo training served to foster the self-esteem of the preschoolers. Second, taekwondo training served to bolster the social adaptability of the preschoolers. Third, there was no difference between the preschool boys and girls in self-esteem and social adaptability. In conclusion, taekwondo training had a positive impact on the self- esteem and social adaptability of the kindergarteners who were at the ages of 5 to 7.