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The purpose of this study is to propose from setting the utilizing direction for considering the region’s contextual environment to planning of the utilization for conserving the 11 cases of registered cultural properties in Sorok Island. The contents of the study, firstly, learning about the registered worth and enrollment criteria of cultural properties through the literature review. As a result, propose 3 categories as the cultural heritage values(value of occurrence, value of men, value of heritage). Secondly, in order to preserve and use of cultural properties effectively, previous studies were reviewed based on set of the value criteria and the utilization phases. Thirdly, the subjects of this study were evaluated in the general situation of Sorok Island and reviewed the values of each registered cultural heritage in Sorok Island. Finally, the utilizations considered the registered worth for registered cultural properties in Sorok Island is proposed. Heritages in Sorok Island are all related to forced acceptance, so all of heritages have the value of occurrence. And as much as possible in consideration of the existing program was set for use. But if it is appropriate to be used as new program, reset for modern utilize.

The Gocheok Dome, Korea’s first domed baseball park is well under construction and has been receiving wide attention. However, there have been other voices of concern about the absence of using plan based on the expecting difficulty with attracting a professional baseball team and the location with lower accessibility and so on. In the meantime, a news has been released that Seoul City has developed a plan for another multi-purpose dome complex in Chamsil for not only baseball but also concerts and other events. Because it needs a great amount of cost for the construction of domed baseball park, careful approaches should be needed. From this kind of situation, in this study 6 built domed park cases in Japan were analyzed focused on the critical elements in planning baseball dome stadium. From the result, all the 6 domes in Japan were designed for the multi purpose stadium with circular shaped stand type. Regarding the roof type, which is a huge factor for the construction cost, although there exists various types such as air membrane structure type, retractable roof type, partially opened type with transparent material for natural lights, it could be found out there exists one tendency of selecting the type that could reduce the running and maintenance cost. At the last part of the paper, through the procedure of the analysis, a suggestion on the proper dome type in Korea from the contemporary situation.

Twenty five percent of South Korea's population is living in Gyeonggi-do Province(GGD) and many new townhouses are located in GGD. So, the purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the changing tendencies of housing choices after the year 2000 in GGD. The content of my research will be a comparison and analysis of the ratio of housing availability, housing types, structures, area of inside space and so on. The results of my research will help to establish a database in regards to the housing choices in the entire country. In my methods of study, I used statistical yearbooks of GGD, the materials of Office for National Statistics(ONS) and a variety of sources about GGD. The results are as follows : 1)GGD apartments comprise the largest number of buildings and widest area of housing. 2)Even though apartments are the most constructed housing type in GGD, the ratio of housing availability per family is the lowest in Korea. 3)The land area used for apartment construction, including the infrastructure of these homes, increased which caused a decrease in land area used for agriculture and forestry. 4)After 2005, the number of new house developments has decreased, but the area of the new house developments has increased. 5)Most housing developers are using concrete for new home construction. The increase and decrease of concrete structures are influenced by apartment construction. Wooden structures used for detached houses have been increasing gradually due to health concerns. 6)The living space per capita for GGD was the smallest over all when compared to other provinces. The ratio of housing availability was below average, so the residential environment of GGD was less than other provinces.

Recent changes in rural environment have resulted in diverse needs for residential spaces, which led to changes in rural landscape, in turn. Standard rural house designs reflecting the diverse needs have started to be disseminated in earnest since 2010. This study was aimed to analyze relationships between current and prospective user types and design characteristics of the standard rural house designs in order to provide information for improved applicability and extended dissemination of future standard rural house designs. On the basis of previous studies, user types were classified according to their occupations (farming, non-farming), age (old-aged, middle-aged), economic levels (popular type, quality type), household types (minimum-sized household, 2-person household, 2-generation household) and flexibility. Major findings were as follows: (1) As there was a great demand for outdoor space found based on occupation types, it was suggested to develop designs with diverse sizes of outdoor space; (2) design elements related to safety were found important regardless of the users’ age; (3) regarding users’ economic levels, it was suggested to combine important design elements required in other types; (4) as for household types, it was suggested to consider design classification by the number of rooms including minimal-sized units; and (5) in terms of the flexibility, it was suggested to offer a broader choices to users by diversifying types and forms of the designs. There were various design elements included in the current standard designs. For extended dissemination of the standard designs, it is important to reflect users’ diverse needs. User type classifications and design demands explored in this study would be beneficial for future development of the standard rural house designs and user-friendly planning.

In today's retail environment, there is enormous presence of brands that have a significant number of locations over large geographic area. The consumers can easily meet a retail store with the same quality and brand image, no matter where they reside. As the global brands spread out to broader areas, retail companies need an efficient system that they could use as a standard to implement their store designs quickly and economically. This study is about the design elements of retail prototype that contribute to the formation of the brand value and convey the brand image. The object of this study is to set a standard of design elements to be implemented with consistent brand identity, and help retailers achieve a success within their operating markets. The study was undertaken by the comparison and analysis of the seven showroom designs of global automobile brands. The analysis were conducted based on the materials that were developed by the manufacturers such as design guideline, manual, and corporate identity book. The research methodology was to categorize the major design elements that are exterior and interior features, and organize the characteristics of these elements. The result of the study was drawn from the analysis of the common design elements that emphasize the brand identity. The main exterior design elements are summarized into building mass character, facade entrance, signage; and interior elements into space layout, furniture, materials, and graphics such as promotional posters. All of these design elements are found in all examples of case study with minor difference in degrees of the emphasis on the brand identity. The result of this research will be used as a guideline for planning and design of retail store prototype and help the retailers to connect with their customers effectively through communication and brand experience. Last but not least, this study will be used as the foundation for the future research of the implementation of prototype design.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of public design elements of night landscape in Busan on city image and satisfaction. The important contribution of this study is to suggest which public design elements should be taken into consideration when planning and designing night landscape for a city. After empirically testing the proposed hypotheses, the following key results are achieved. First, it is found that the public-design elements in nightscape has a significant effect on city image. In particular, those welfare, aesthetics, safety, universality, regional identity, and Difference public-design elements in night landscape exert a positive influence on city image. The universality, which implies whether the city image has a sense of fellowship or is convenient for anybody to experience, has the greatest influence. The following powerful factor is aesthetics which is associated with people’s perception on the landscape experience to be beautiful and harmonious. Second, it is confirmed that city image has a significant influence on the satisfaction to others. This study concludes that the public-design elements in night landscape play an important role in influencing people’s perception on city image and satisfaction.

As baby boomers reach the age of retirement, the number of retirees is expected to increase rapidly and they desire a healthy and leisurely late life in a more pleasant environment. In response to the demand, senior towns are being constructed and they are responded very positively by middle‐aged people with their retirement ahead. Thus, local self‐governing bodies are promoting senior towns actively, but internal and external conditions are not favorable including the slump in the real estate market. Thus, in order to activate the construction of senior towns, this study identified classes of potential residents and analyzed their needs and factors related to their preference for senior town. These works are expected to derive directions for efficient development, to provide basic information for research on future retirees’ requirements, and to contribute to senior town projects in progress.

The Southwestern islands, which has been involved in the old fashioned custom, came to face with various modern cultures since the early 20th century. More specifically, a new type of architecture (plane, structure, material etc.) appeared in the folk houses in this area. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of the history of architecture and housing through a research on the modern folk houses in Southwestern islands of South Korea. No study has ever explored the modern folk houses in this area. The 21 modern folk houses are directly involved in this study and they were built in the early and mid-1900’s. About 100 houses are also involved in a comparative study. The main results of this study are as follows: First, the subject of the introduction of modernity into the folk houses was expectably the local influentials from wealthy backgrounds. Most of them were the large landowners who held lots of land around their residence, operating their salt pans and businesses. They witnessed the modernization of the cities, especially Mokpo, and applied the new cultures and styles to buildings in their hometown. Second, similar to the conventional folk houses, this new architecture consists of a main building (Anchae) and detached houses (Sarangchae). However, it is remarkable in that each building became bigger and that an L-shaped main building and a two-storied Hanok (Korean traditional house) appeared in the folk houses of Haido. Third, a significant change was confirmed in the interior spatial composition of main and detached houses. Rooms began to be arranged at the side of the Marae which had not been observed in the old folk houses (Marae is considered a head of a building and a highest position of entire buildings in these regions). A wooden floor was located between the Marae and a main room. Fourth, the building structures and styles adopted urban patterns. For example, they used a Japanese roofing tile as the roof materials because it is easier to handle and cheaper than a Korean one. They also placed a door with horizontally sliding window in front of the wooden porch (Toenmaru) to make better use of interior space. In addition, gentrification was facilitated by the fabrication of the stylobate and foundation stone.

The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the inelastic behavior of the standard school buildings considering infilled masonry walls. Pushover analysis method is used to evaluate the elastic and inelastic response of standard school building. Infilled masonry walls are usually considered as non-structural elements in structural analysis and design, but the behavior of school building considering infilled masonry walls is quite different and the influence of the masonry wall should be included. The result shows that the seismic capacity of pure frame building is 76% of design base shear of KBC2009 but considering infilled masonry wall the same building has 3.5-6.58 times the shear strength in longitudinal direction and 4.03-5.66 times in short direction according to infilled wall shear strength. Plastic hinges in short direction are first produced in masonry walls, but plastic hinges in longitudinal direction are appeared in frame members.

The baseplate of a floating structure which is a connection part of upper- structure and ponton is influenced by lateral load caused by wind, tidal current, and waves as well as vertical load subjected by upper-structures. This research is intended to study the behavior characteristics of transfer-beam connection by conducting experiments and finite element analysis when they are subjected to moment under lateral load. A lateral load test and finite element analysis were conducted on test and mock-up models with a different angle thickness. A load-displacement curve and a moment-rotation curve are analysed from the results of analysis and experiment.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate structural capability. Specifically, the existing construction methods' inadequate achievements in constructability and reinforcement performance are improved and an experiment on axial load is performed with a reinforced concrete column test specimen constrained by steel bands. A total of 13 specimens were made, a bonding test was performed; and restraining effect by steel bands, bond failure mechanism between steel bar and concrete, the number of main reinforcements, concrete strength, concrete casting direction, and cross-sectional area of main reinforcement were considered. A compared evaluation of the findings of the study and the existing suggested formulas by researchers was performed, and a numerical analysis suggestion was proposed based on the result of the experiments.

To shorten the construction period and reduce the weight of building structure, the hollow half slabs are proposed. In case of using a hollow half slab as flooring system, it gives plenty of advantage, since it can decrease the carbon dioxide emission by reducing the supply of concrete and realize a long span. A hollow half slabs were produced by using a THP pipe that is obtainable with relative ease. And half PC panel was produced by inserting a hollow cylindrical body also. The reason for creating a slab using THP pipe is because the hollow shape is easily formed and a competitive slab production. Therefore, in this study, flexural capacity of hollow half slabs are evaluated and to assess the usability for each of the conditions of half PC panel.

This paper contains the experimental results on the flexural strengthening effects of the RC beams strengthened by the NSM Method with FRP Plate. A total of four beams was produced and tested to understand the flexural strengthening effects for test variables. Test variables were the shape and the amount of strengthening material. As the results of this study, Compared with non-reinforced specimen, the reinforced specimens showed that the structural performance of the reinforced specimens is higher than that of the non-reinforced specimen about 16.7%, and increases 8.3%~20.0% and 33.3%~52.7% for yielding strength and ultimate strength respectively. Also, The analytical values based on the standard equation(ACI 440.2R-08) corresponds to closely the experimental values.

The construction industry was classified large number the part from the place environment of enterprise and the work whose dependence of the manpower which is created is high, working condition was classified being inferior, type of business which the young manpower avoids. Recently danger strikes the horseshoe in public Law and renewal end technology, at the place where the construction industry large number depends still by the manpower and is improvement of productivity of structure the part and with just the re-technical development of the believer as serious it is not considered. This study, escaping and question investigation of improvement VIP of productivity of work of improvement of productivity of work on of the construction site which is seen that are planned, as for research and SPSS which the research where relationship of the labor productivity of danger precedes executed under application the analysis which uses the result of the question investigation which approximately, executed the analysis of the urethra of center satisfactorily is programmed. Plan of improvement of productivity of the work of important VIP which has escaping which the analysis of IPA which is executed under importance and satisfaction and the analysis which are led uses the result which approximately appears and becomes showed.

In recent years, the requirement for pre-inspection of ventilation hole has been recognized as one of the important subject. Therefore, the objective of this study is to propose the methodology to prevent safety accident by systematically organizing problems of precision diagnosis of maintenance phase and considering the condition for disasters that occur at construction site. This study aims to show the diverse characteristics of safety accidents based on KOSHA's annual cases on disasters(electric shock, collapse, fail, suffocation, fall, breakdown) from 1993 to 2010. To achieve these objectives, we first examined the relationship between safety risk factors and root cause materials. We then systematically suggested the methodology for the priority management through the analysis of the primary problems of safety management and organized the safety inspection measures of ventilation hole in maintenance phase.

Amount of contracts won by Korea construction companies in Asia is currently about 30% and it is expected to be increased up to 46% in 2020. Indonesia is believed to be the one that will lead the trend among three countries called ‘VIP in Asia’ together with Vietnam and Philippine, in particular. However, few studies have been conducted about construction industry of the country. Strengths and weaknesses of Korea construction companies that need for expanding their business to the plant industry of the country were analyzed by employing IPA and GAP method. As the results, Ten management skills were revealed to be improved for having competitiveness in the market including ‘Feasibility study’, ‘Contract and claim management’, and ‘Coordination with sub- contractors’. The results will be beneficial to the company preparing to enter the plant industry of Indonesia.

Although schedule management is widely known to construction companies as a direct indication of project management information system and systematization, most of studies in the area have been focused on either a specific technique for reducing dates or a method of schedule analysis. How such techniques and methods have been being used by medium-sized construction companies based in Busan, Korea were studied. Moreover, the results were compared to that of a previous research, which lead to a few solutions that the companies can improve their practices, namely ‘formal work procedure’, ‘organizing fully responsible division for schedule management’, and ‘running regular education program’.

As buildings which had been constructed passing through the rapid growth period since 1960s became older, interests in the remodeling market have heightened owing to merits such as comparatively high profitability, short business period, and so on compared with reconstruction. In remodeling, the way of inhabited-condition remodeling of the entire floor focused on big apartment buildings with great unit quantities has been displayed in order to use buildings consistently and maintain the worth of the facilities. Recently, as competition of the housing rent market came to be strong, remodeling advantageous in aspect of profitability is coming to the fore even in non-residential constructions. Especially, since the inhabited-condition remodeling has advantages like guarantee of stable rent profits, reduction of risks in attracting new tenants, and so forth, it is suggested as a new way of remodeling. This inhabited-condition remodeling has diverse considerations in decision making of business due to difficulty that the business should be conducted under more restricted condition like inhabited situation than the remodeling with empty rooms of the entire floor.

Since the domestic construction industry in Korea has been developed on quantity with oversea busniess expansion, the need of VE has been on the rise for minimizing construction and maintenance cost with improvement of quality and functionality. In response, Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs made research report that includes pre-qualification and technical proposal required when ordering VE. This study examines the design VE of military facility construction, investigates the corresponding problems and addresses how to improve design VE through the order cases and survey. In addition, suggestions for improvement of contract method and qualification that helps contractor choose relevant company in more reasonable and precise way are described. So, this study may be neither applicable nor practical to some other government or civilian organizations because this focuses on order design VE from the military perspective. Nevertheless, such drawbacks are indispensible for profession and specialization in military organization since military organization serves for the nation and thus it is responsible for preventing national budget from being wasted. Finally, we hope that this study can contribute to developing the system of ordering design VE and constructing a higher level of military facilities.

In this study, we investigated experimentally the performance in accordance with the combination of the nylon fiber and steel fiber to improve the fire resistance of 100 MPa filling concrete to be applied to the CFT columns. To evaluate the performance of fiber combination, steel fiber contents and their lengths were varied. Test results showed that the fluidity was decreased with the increase of steel fiber due to enhanced viscosity and chargeability. For the compressive strength depending on steel fiber contents, the use of steel fiber and nylon fiber resulted in an increase of strength and reached design strength at 28 days. In addition, the use of blended hook type steel fiber with 40 kg/m3 had most favorable fire endurance performance withing this study. To maximize fire endurance performance due to fiber combination, steel fiber with 30mm as well as with 6 mm were combined. It was found that it the combination of long steel fiber and short one did not contribute to the improvement of the performances of fresh and strength properties of the concrete and fire endurance as well. Within this study, it is believed that the combination of Nylon fiber with 1.5 kg/m3 and long length steel fiber with 40 kg/m3 makes the concrete for CFT more fire endurable.

Studies on the biological contaminants (bacteria and fungi etc.) that affect the health of residents have attracted little interest compared to chemical toxicity substances such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and formaldehyde emitted from interior materials, in spite of the increasing number of cases of residents’ poor health and damage to interior materials due to fungi, bacteria, and insects. Only a few investigations on the biological contaminants of building materials have been performed. In this study, the antifungal effects of phytogenic natural antifungal substances extracted from Marjoram, Phytoncide, Thyme, Ginkgo leaves, and Artemisia princeps were investigated on five types of mold. Using phytogenic natural antifungal substances selected for the basic experiment, antifungal non-cement mortars were made, and their durability in addition to the antifungal performance of the non-cement mortars were also investigated. The results clearly showed that the antifungal non-cement mortars with the marjoram extract had excellent antifungal performance and long-term antifungal effects compared with other antifungal non- cement mortars. It was also shown that the optimum addition rate of marjoram extract in the non-cement mortar was 5% by mass of binder, considering the long-term antifungal effect and the antifungal performance.

The use of reflective-type insulation is increased gradually to save building energy in Korea. However, there is no tool or program for calculating K-Value of building envelope with this kind of insulation. For this reason, expensive and time-consuming experiment must be performed before the construction to verify K-Value of building component installed with reflective-insulation. Therefore, this study is to expand published thermal resistance calculation function of single reflective air space into K-Value calculation program of building envelope installed with reflective air space. The major results are summarized as follows. First, K-Value calculation program for building envelope installed with single reflective air space is developed. Second, It is confirmed that K-Value of roof model is decreased from 0.176W/㎡·K to 0.165W/㎡·K (6.3% reduction) and K-Value of wall model is decreased from 0.245W/㎡·K to 0.228W/㎡·K (6.9% reduction) by adopting with reflective air space. Third, the major design variables of reflective-insulation such as air space distance, effective emissivity and indoor/outdoor temperature conditions, affecting the K-Value of building envelope are identified.

The aim of this study is to re-establish the classification system by surveying the conditions of classification system in the actual traditional villages based on 'The classification system of environment-friendly design factors of traditional villages' in the preceding study in order to evaluate the environment-friendly design factors of traditional villages. Through the survey of 6 traditional villages, 20 new design factors like the creation of stonewall walkway and walls, etc. were found, and three additional items like the use of surrounding land form, the production of green land, and the division between exterior space and inner space were added to the existing classification system. As a result of the survey on the reestablishing classification system by 40 architectural experts, the improvement draft for the classification system of environment-friendly design factors in traditional villages after integrating and reducing the items was suggested.

It is known that slab thermal storage which uses concrete slab as thermal material is effective in the load leveling and using the nighttime electric power. The temperature distribution is not constant in plenum in thermal storage time by beams, ducts such as several factor. It is considered that this fact will effect on efficiency of thermal storage and indoor thermal environment. The purpose of this paper is to examine the thermal environment inside plenum. A macro model was made for the analysis of indoor thermal environment as the first step. The flow rate distribution and temperature distribution of object room model was examined by use of basic equations such as airflow by the pressure difference between unit cells, heat flow by air and heat transfer.