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In this study, the cause of secondary defects is analyzed to improve the construction process and resolve conflicts between construction companies and residents. This study is based on data collected from January 2017 to December 2019 prior to the revision of the current Enforcement Decree of the Apartment Management Act. After analyzing the secondary defect data, we obtain results that certain processes are more affected by primary defects than others. Wood flooring accounts for the largest portion with 13.77% of the total number of defect reports, but stone works account for the largest portion with 18.04% of the total defect repair costs. Depending on what criteria it is analyzed, the ranking of construction works that are greatly affected by primary defects varies.

This study examined the process of housing formation over 100 years, centering on Daepyeong-dong in Yeongdo, Busan, where the modern shipbuilding industry was born. In Daepyeong-dong, a unique houses was constructed with openness and Mixing. 1. During the Japanese colonial period, the Japanese reclaimed land and built Japanese-style houses and shops around the main road. Modern industrial facilities such as shipyards, factories, and warehouses were built along the coast. 2. After the 1950s, refugees and peasants built refugee housing and peasant housing. These houses were built with materials such as planks and tents in narrow alleys. Due to the small living space, an attic was installed or extended vertically and horizontally. 3. After the 1970s, due to the boom of the shipbuilding industry, industrial companies were established throughout the village. A industrial–residential complex building was formed with industrial facilities on the front and lower floor of the house.

This study reviewed governance building measures for the advancement of innovative cities and presented implementation strategies. First, the performance of the innovative city was checked through a prior study on the performance of the innovative city. Subsequently, the success factors of regional innovation projects were analyzed through theoretical considerations of regional innovation strategies and specific examples. As an extension of the plan, it proposed the establishment and operation of the Gyeongnam Innovation City Development Support Center as a control tower for regional innovation projects. After presenting specific implementation strategies and KPIs of the Gyeongnam Innovation City Project, the necessity, establishment and operation plan of the Gyeongnam Innovation City Development Support Center, which oversees them, were presented in detail. The Gyeongnam Innovation City Development Support Center serves as a comprehensive "support group" as a control tower for the development of innovation cities in the mid- to long-term, focusing on the functions of public institutions before the innovation city. The specific implementation methods and roles for this are presented in this study. Finally, the government reviewed financial security and stable operation measures for the establishment, and local governments, like overseas cases, proposed responsible operation and autonomy through participation such as investment. While existing research is limited to quantitative indicators (population inflow, economic growth) due to innovative cities, this study examines how important governance is in regional innovation and suggests a specific control tower to be responsible for an axis of governance. There is a differentiated academic value in this respect.

The purpose of this study is to study the importance and satisfaction of urban regeneration projects that residents are aware of, and to help realize future urban regeneration projects, and to propose a research method and results to contribute to the activation of resident-led urban regeneration. To this end, the importance and satisfaction were measured to identify the types of resident-led urban regeneration that had an effect on resident-led project objectives, and to compare the characteristics of resident participation execution according to resident-led project objectives. Looking at the main analysis results, the IPA analysis results showed that the importance of the use of sustainable resources and the development of complex uses in improving the physical environment was highly recognized, and in supporting social activities, the importance of various public welfare services for local residents was high. The result of this study is that surveying the importance and satisfaction of residents in resident-led urban regeneration will help to raise residents' awareness of and participation in urban regeneration projects, which will be the basis for successful urban regeneration projects.

The purpose of this study is to estimate the seismic performance of low-rise school building which constructed using 1980’s standard codes. The structural system of the considered school building is Reinforced Concrete(RC) Moment Frame with Full Masonry Infills(FMI) and Partial Masonry Infills(PMI). The masonry infills are usually not considered in structural analysis, but affect significantly the seismic performance of its structure. Many researches showed that real behavior of such buildings will vary during the earthquake events. It is generally agreed that an infilled frame structure performs better against earthquake forces, however, when a structure is only partially infilled, the phenomena is again different. By this analysis, four reinforced concrete frames with or without masonry infills were designed and tested under PUSHOVER analysis. Results shows that with Partial Masonry Infills(PMI), the columns become more shorter and get damaged prior to the other normal columns. The Full Masonry Infills(FMI) made an increase of both the initial stiffness and strength of its building.

The objective of this study is to present the future direction for the improvement of evacuation safety function by comparatively analyzing Korea and foreign standards, especially, the natural smoke exhaust system regulations of Japan that has the similar legal structure and operating system to Korea through the utilization of performance evaluation. For this, in the results of comparatively analyzing the current standards related to smoke exhaust system prescribed in construction statutes and enforcement regulations of both countries, there were differences in the installation distance, smoke ventilator effective area, smoke compartment, and installation size & use. Next, this study understood the influences of such differences on the actual performance through the performance evaluation called “evacuation safety verification method”. In the results of calculating the effective smoke exhaust volume(Ve) and smoke layer fall time(ts), there were huge differences in the results of performance evaluation according to the installed location of smoke ventilator and the matter of smoke compartment.

Idle space means 'an empty space that is not used and teased'. The causes of idle space are empty spaces such as schools due to population decline, Administrative institutions that were vacated due to the relocation of the provincial office location and relocated urban industrial facilities, discarded transportation facilities such as railway stations due to changes in the transportation system, and old downtown areas that were hollowed out due to new city construction can be cited. Local cultural revitalization using idle space is to actively utilize idle spaces that have been neglected without a clear purpose or use as new value and meaningful spaces through 'cultural revitalization'. European cities have already utilized urban regeneration strategies using culture and art since the early 1980s as a new urban development policy that can utilize idle space. Soho in New York, Tate Modern in England, and 798 Art District in Beijing appeared as successful examples. However, in Korea, there has been no active local culture regeneration using idle space. Ulsan Metropolitan City tried to solve the typical original downtown problem of urban hollowing caused by population decline and decline in commercial districts with a culture-based urban regeneration strategy. Examples include the ‘Culture Street Creation Project’, the Kim Yushin Culture Street, and the Jangsaengpo Cultural Warehouse project. This study examines what kind of effort is needed to revitalize local cultural heritage through three cases of Ulsan City.

The number of safety accidents in the construction industry is on the decline overall, but the number of casualties is over 50% of the total industry. Therefore, in order to reduce safety accidents, the Occupational Safety and Health Act that strengthens the responsibilities for safety management of the client is being amended and implemented. As one of the responsibilities, the safety and health file has been implemented since 2020. Therefore, this study aims to find a way to revitalize the safety and health file by identifying the current status of the related engineers' awareness. As a result of the survey, most of the related engineers think that the primary responsibility for safety management lies with the construction engineer and safety manager. And methods such as education related to the creation of the safety and health file, training and arrangement of professional engineer related to the safety and health file, and reinforcement of evaluation or sanctions related to the safety and health file are selected to activate the safety and health file, which is one of the methods to strengthen the safety management responsibility of the client. Therefore, it will be possible to reduce accidents such as casualty accidents in the construction industry when the effectiveness of the safety and health file is increased by implementing these methods in various ways as soon as possible.

This paper presents a study on sustainable performance securing-method for domestic fire resistance door and analyzed lawsuits on lack of fire and smoke proof of domestic fire door, which is the most controversial issues through fire-protecting industry since 2010. Lawsuits on lack of fire and smoke proof of domestic fire resistance door that become the most controversial issue through the examination and tests for fire resistance door after install in buildings. Those controversial issues come from various reasons such as whether the original specimen has defective or not, poor construction, deterioration over time, and misuse and poor management. In addition it can be argued that the difference of sample performance test and actually constructed fire doors in securing fire safety for buildings. Systematic changes are required to apply sample test before the first stage of installation, quality control during construction and continuous maintenance manners as the third stage. Another necessary is the sustainable performance criteria of fire doors in Korea should be standardized, and both insulation and condensation for fire resistance performance through research should be developed.

The purpose of this study was to derive features differentiating the Transbay Transit Center from general intermodal center plans by analyzing sustainable characteristics of the methods incorporated into the spatial design, using climate and topographic characteristics, of the Transbay Transit Center. To conduct this analysis, three key references were used, and it was possible to identify topographic and climatic characteristics, identify design elements that utilized them, and derive design objects that actually implement them, namely the ‘Light Column,’ ‘Penrose Tiling Facade,’ ‘Streamlet Water’s Roof Garden.’ As a result of analyzing the sustainable characteristics of these three design approaches, three key differences were identified. First, it is a sustainable design suitable for San Francisco’s climatic and topographical environment. Second, it includes an air purification design that considers ecological aspects, and third, its water purification design uses the local ecosystem. These design approaches are characterized by the implementation of a natural purification system for air and water that functions as a small ecosystem based on ecological circulation and are intended to be used as basic data for exploring carbon-neutral design strategies in response to climate change.

Since the perspective of architecture began to be divided after 18th century, the gap between technology and architecture in modern architecture has been further expanded, and today, environmental issues have created another trend in architecture, the separation is accelerating. Now, in architecture, rather than the diversification, integration has emerged, and this trend has become a topic of discussion in Korea through the Seoul Biennale of Urban Architecture held in 2017. This thesis, in pursuing integration, examines the ‘character’ an architectural concept used in the past, and through this concept, the relationship between technology and architecture through the prospect that the intersection between technology and architecture and its meaning can be found. Through this discussion, I would like to show that it is possible to reexamine the relationship between technology and architecture.

Recently, as the number of elderly workers continues to increase in Korea, their accidents are also increasing, and efforts to prevent disasters for them are urgently needed. Heinrich (1931) said that 98% of disasters are caused by unstable (10%) and unstable behavior (88%) when viewed as direct causes. Accordingly, a comprehensive study on the unstable behavior of elderly workers is needed. Therefore, in this study, the unstable behavior of elderly workers in the construction industry was analyzed using the IPA (Importance-performance Analysis) technique. As a result, unnecessary movements for both Koreans and foreign elderly workers were found to be areas to be improved. In order to improve this unnecessary movement, continuous efforts for each worker's safety activities are needed. The results of the study will be efficiently educated and managed according to the characteristics of elderly workers through selection and concentration in the future.

In this study, we conduct an evaluation of the awareness of residents living in remodeling of Deteriorated apartments in Gwangju and conduct a comparative analysis of the importance of remodeling improvement items and housing satisfaction. Through this, it was intended to propose important factors that should be considered first when remodeling old apartments in Gwangju. According to the analysis of factors on 12 remodeling variables, Factor 1 is a parking environment factor, and Factor 2 is a factor related to the complex environment such as pedestrian and external environment, landscaping area, etc. According to the analysis of the importance of 12 variables of remodeling selection properties, the most important things were pedestrian and external environment-specific design and landscaping area. According to the analysis of satisfaction, the high satisfaction factors were found in the order of convenience of stairs and elevators in parking lot accessibility. While the importance is high, the satisfaction level is low, and the most intensive investment, i.e., remodeling improvement factors that need to be improved first, were investigated as landscaping area and dedicated area increase. In addition, it was investigated to secure storage space and improve the composition of indoor space as factors for low-priority remodeling.

In this study, based on the interpretation of Fractal Theory and Organicity, which are scientific theories based on nature or the universe, among the intrinsic systems of nature, humans, art, and science, each constituent principle is classified by type, and It is intended to propose an interpretation model of contemporary architecture that develops in a pluralistic and complex aspect by examining the characteristics of the expression patterns of contemporary architects. In addition, through this study, it will be possible to prove that it is the main design direction among the various design trends of the time by presenting design principles that can be used in the creative process of architectural designers and logical grounds in the interpretation stage of architectural critics. Based on fractal theory, multidimensional geometrical elements in contemporary architecture show a lot of interest in natural phenomena and apply them to contemporary architecture, and use digital tools to identify organic properties as the concept of growth, extinction, and evolution as architectural principles. This design is a major design principle that creates a multi-dimensional organic-oriented design and forms the form of contemporary architecture, and it is believed that it can be used as a measure of what design trends the expression patterns in future architecture show.