Earticle

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data necessary for the creation of a desirable settlement environment in the industry-university convergence district, and the research results are as follows. First, the user satisfaction with the settlement environment of the cluster-type industry-university convergence district with various functions was higher than average, and it is judged to be a positive model of industry-university convergence. Second, in order to strengthen accessibility to the industryl-university convergence district, it is necessary to expand bus routes and to increase the number of school buses. Third, it is necessary to intensively consider residential conditions, parking conditions, convenience facilities, shopping conditions, and medical conditions when improving the industry-university convergence district. Fourth, it is necessary to make it possible for the industry-university convergence district to play its role as a central place within the industrial complex through consideration of education-culture-welfare-housing-living convenience facilities in the creation of the industry-university convergence district.

In this study, geospatial data big data reflecting the physical and environmental status of buildings and satellite image data was constructed, and disaster risk factors were analyzed by constructing a disaster prediction model based on it. Big data of spatial information were generated, from which the physical and environmental status of structures and data of satellite images were reflected. Big data of urban space were generated based on 230 regions in South Korea for developing a building disaster prediction model. The generated big data of spatial information as well as the history of structural damages to structures due to torrential rain, strong wind, heavy snow, and typhoons from 2008 to 2017 were utilized in creating the disaster prediction model. The collected variables were applied in a random forest model, which are machine learning approaches, to develop the structure disaster prediction model. Looking at the importance of variables, in heavy rain, it was found that the precipitation intensity, semi-underground buildings, the threshold of the heavy rain, the frequency of occurrence of the threshold of the heavy rain, and the status of underground buildings had the greatest influence on the damage to buildings due to heavy rain. In the case of strong winds, the higher the normalized city index, steep slope, and poor drainage, the greater the influence. In heavy snow, the number of days of new snow exceeding 20 cm, hazardous materials treatment and storage facilities, average height, and old buildings had the greatest impact on disasters.

In this paper, the effectiveness of a damage detection theory in high-rise building is numerically investigated. An existing theory which uses modal strain energy extracted from the mode shape of structure to localize damage is introduced. A 45-story high-rise buil ding is selected as a target structure. To prove the efficiency of the method, 10 damage scenarios are simulated and the damage indice s are calculated from the mode shape of undamaged and damaged structures. The result shows better performance when using the mult iple mode shapes of structure.

In this study, based on the most used single board computer, Raspberry Pi, the MEMS-type accelerometer ADXL345 and the iPhone 12 accelerometer were used to measure the acceleration of a single DOF structure, and based on this, the effectiveness of identifying the dynamic characteristics of the accelerometer was verified. Acceleration measurement results were compared with KS48C, an IEPE type accelerometer. As a result of accelerometer measurement, the Raspberry Pi-based ADXL345 and iPhone 12 accelerometer were larger than the KS48C at the initial price, but showed similar results as time passed. The natural frequency measurement result was the same for all accelerometers at 1.419Hz. All damping ratio estimation results were similar. Based on the experimental results, the validity of dynamic characteristic identification of the Raspberry Pi-based MEMS type accelerometer and the iPhone 12 accelerometer was verified.

Greenhouses are vulnerable to wind loads due to the lightness of their structures. In fact, 98% of greenhouses damaged in 2019 are caused by wind loads. However, there are still many aging single-span greenhouses, so it seems that foundation reinforcement is essential to minimize damage due to meteorological disasters caused by climate change. Therefore, in this paper, we performed a computational analysis of the uplift capacity of the B and G type greenhouses with the wind load according to the Korean Design Standard(KDS). In addition, the results of computational analysis were compared with various foundation reinforcing methods studied by other researchers. It was confirmed that the single-pipe foundation, which is very common use, is very vulnerable to wind loads, the continuous pipe foundation is turned out to be unsuitable as a reinforcement method, except for areas with under 28m/s of basic wind speed. The spiral-type foundation also is confirmed to be unsuitable as a reinforcement method to G-type greenhouse. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new type of reinforcement proposals for single-span greenhouse foundation.

Christian Bartenbach's daylighting design appeared at the forefront of modern architecture thanks to the eco-friendly and low-energy architectural trend that emerged from the 1960s. In particular, it became to receive global attention when his lighting design was used as a key theme for the ‘Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank’ at the end of the 1970s. Since his ideas were so unique that they went beyond the level of simple lighting equipment and had significant effects on modern architectural trends such as high-tech, eco-friendly, and smart-eco. According to the results of the study, the characteristics of his lighting design technique can be summarized into largely three ones. First, optical systems were devised and used to overcome the disadvantage of sunlight, which is difficult to control. These systems can be classified into sunlight induction, radiant heat prevention, and anti-glare systems. These systems enabled lighting even at places where lighting was impossible with classical methods. The second characteristic is lighting design from the viewpoints of behavior and aesthetics. Based on the ecological modern perception theory, he developed an original perception theory about the relationship between light and spatial perception called 'dark-brightness-technology' to design stable and comfortable lighting environments. He also implemented architectural aesthetics with sunlight such as creating spaces, executing high-tech-eco architectural designs, and expressing artistic objects. Finally, he is evaluated to have opened a new horizon by executing state-of-the-art smart lighting architecture that responds to changes in sunlight with artificial intelligence.

In this study, the method of reconstructing the traditional Chinese architectural language in the current context in Japan's Chinatown and deriving the characteristics of expression, and analyzing the correlation between how East Asians with different cultural backgrounds perceive the expression method. By studying the characteristics of how traditional texts reconstructed through architectural expression methods are recognized, it was intended to provide a basis for methods that can be used in the design of buildings in the future. To this end, we visited the Chinatown site in Yokohama, Japan, and surveyed the seven-step cognitive evaluation of the expression of each building in Korea, Japan, and China through photo and video questionnaires for 67 buildings located in the busiest streets. Characteristics between method and cognition were analyzed.

Recently, BIM has been widely applied to the AEC industry, but it has not been applied to the facility management realm. Since the largest energy is consumed in the operation stage of the building's life cycle, the application of BIM at this stage will save energy consumption. In South Korea, since 2016, a facilities management system (Edubuil) has been established to manage the school facilities by the Ministry of Education. Educational facilities are a group of facilities with high energy consumption, and conversion of conventional facility data to BIM can have a great effect on saving energy and reducing carbon emissions. In this study, an automation method for converting data from Edubuil into BIM was developed to create a building information model for facility management. The automation method consists of the following four modules: Space partition element creation module, RDS input module, window parameter creation module, window library construction module. The developed BIM conversion automation method shortened conversion time for converting school facility data into BIM compared to manual methods.

Although General CFT columns have many structural advantages, these have many difficulties in applying them to the field due to degradation of production and workability since the shape of the beam-column joint is complicated. In this study, to overcome these shortcomings, a beam-column joint in the form of a simple thick panel, a combination of triangular units, and two webs was developed. In order to evaluate the seismic performance of the developed joints, six beam-column joint experiments were manufactured in the shape of the pillar as a major variable. The manufactured experiments were applied the cyclic loading using an actuator, and the displacement and strain measured in the loading was analyzed. Based on the results of the experiment, it is judged that the seismic performance of experiments manufactured using a 40 mm thick steel sheet and the triangular unit using a 12 mm steel sheet is excellent.

UNStudio is an architectural design group that continuously explores sustainability by diverse experiments and adaptation through many projects. In particular, it is emphasized that the properties of sunlight are important elements in the façade design. This study analyzes the characteristics of solar control facade in their office building projects of UNStudio. for these purposes, the analysis was conducted using the facade panel composition, window to wall ratio(WWR), shading system, and the influence of environmental simulation as a framework. The results derived from the analysis are as follows: First, UNStudio’s office projects are designed as an integrated solar control system by extruding the spandrel panel part of the facade panel. Second, the range of WWR is widely distributed through diverse combination of horizontal and vertical louvers. Third, the formativeness and dynamism of the facade are realized through changes in panel composition and combinations of various patterns. In addition, projects after 2010 showed an integrated design interlocking with renewable energy in the site through the combination of awning system and BIPV.

The purpose of this study is to derive methods that are helpful in promoting the ultimate goal of the complex of public building through a study on the physical and functional integration between facilities of Life SOC complex projects. First, the necessity and problems for the complex of public building were derived through theoretical study. Investigated and analyzed the definitions, the current status of enforcement, major facilitiy’s types and complex types of Life SOC complex project which is representing the complex of public building. Second, as criteria for analysis, the degree of understanding of the project agents for the complex project, the degree of composing guidelines for inducing functional integration, the layout type indicating the physical combination between facilities and the spatial integration level indicating the degree of functional integration was set up. Third, as the target of analysis, 35 projects selected among the Life SOC complex projects in 2020 were selected, and the scope of analysis was set as the design competition guidelines for the project and drawings and images of the competition winning projects. In conclusion, not only the individual analysis of the above analysis criteria, but also the inter-relationships were comprehensively analyzed. In order to derive a high level from the spatial integration that indicates the degree of functional integration in Life SOC complex project that should serve as the regional community space, it is important to get the sufficient understanding for project’s purpose of the main agents and establishing design guidelines that can lead to functional integration through cooperation of the agents and experts.

In the construction industry, Construction based on precast concrete elements is attracting attention due to its various advantages. However, despite the many advantages of precast concrete elements, if quality control of precast concrete elements is not reliably performed, great loss will occur. In order to prevent this problem, many studies have recently been conducted on a system for measuring the dimension of precast concrete elements using a 3D laser scanner for quality control. However, there is a lack of studies that apply algorithms to the absence of real-size precast concrete elements. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of the algorithm based on the actual size precast concrete elements. Dimension measurement algorithm proceeds in the order of data acquisition, data preprocessing, mirror plane extraction and matching, edge line and corner point extraction, and measurement error evaluation. As a result of the experiment, measurement errors of 3 to 4 mm in the top surface of the precast concrete slab and 10 to 15 mm in the side surface were obtained.

The need to prevent disasters at small construction sites is emphasized more than ever in the recent increasing trend of small construction sites, and prevention of small construction sites, which account for more than 80% of all disasters, must be preceded to reduce the accident rate in the construction industry. Therefore, it is necessary to derive disaster factors suitable for the characteristics of small construction sites, identify the importance, and selectively manage them according to their importance. Therefore, in this study, first, 24 disaster factors affecting small construction sites were selected. In addition, a survey was conducted on 30 construction managers, safety managers, and workers each, and priorities were presented by comparing each factor in pairs using AHP. As a result of each pair of comparison, construction managers lack safety awareness, safety managers lack management supervision, and workers do not comply with the necessary public safety rules as the main disaster factors at small construction sites. Based on these results, safety management in consideration of the priorities of disaster factors is expected to help prevent disasters at small construction sites.

School facilities must respond to the changing social needs according to the curriculum revision, satisfy educational and cultural needs through relationships with the local community, and play a role as a community center for local residents as an integrated space for local residents. School and local community establish and operate mixed-use facilities related to education, physical activity, culture, park, childcare welfare, and the public function within the school premises, forming an organic relationship to coexist between the school and the local community as well as a public facility for lifelong education in society. Such a complex facility would be more reasonable from an overall LCC point of view such as facility utilization and maintenance, as well as efficient use of school site and budget reduction if elementary and middle schools were integrated and newly established during housing site development. In addition, it is proposed to increase efficiency by using schools with idle classrooms as a space for leisure and communication with residents as a way to utilize public cultural and sports facilities that have been investigated as a lack of local facilities.