Earticle

Both university and central commercial districts, which can be seen as representative streets in large cities, are located in the center of the city and become places to create memories and memories of city residents. Against this background, the purpose of the study can be to compare and analyze these characteristics and to seek ways to activate them. In particular, university and central commercial districts are areas mainly used by university students and ordinary citizens, and by analyzing the characteristics and components of the two streets and analyzing the characteristics of user preferences related thereto, the possibility of social space was sought to derive the possibility of street characterization or commercial district activation plan. The study compared the design characteristics of street spaces in university and central commercial districts to revitalize the local community, and in conclusion, presented architectural planning possibilities and evidence to understand how visitors prefer and interact with the street environment in the future.

The purpose of this study is to review the regional characteristics of local public libraries through the analysis of the spatial planning status of public libraries. By analyzing the distribution of facilities in the vicinity where public libraries are located in the region, we discuss facilities with a high possibility of connection based on physical distance, and seek ways to expand the use of facilities by classifying space types in public libraries. As a result of the study, public library space planning types were divided based on core space: A type in which a single building is one large volume, B type in which the core space has the function of connecting building volumes, and C type in which the core space plays a central function in the combination of building volumes. could be classified by type. This type of classification can be used in the review process of alternatives that may be proposed in the future depending on the purpose of facility expansion, facility remodeling, and facility diversion of public libraries.

In this study, based on neurophysiological understanding of the spatial information and social properties of cognitive maps, we analyzed sketch maps of two old Chinese villages and attempted to determine the effectiveness of cognitive maps as a tool for interpreting social space. A cognitive map is a social memory of the hippocampus that constructs a map by combining various types of spatial relationships. Sketch maps are a reliable basis for visualizing spatial knowledge of the local environment and are an immediate and inclusive way to externalize cognitive map. Sketch maps are classified into sequential, spatial, and hybrid types. Paths and landmarks are key elements that appear in sketch maps and elements can be flexibly added depending on the environmental conditions. The validity of cognitive map was verified by analyzing sketch maps actually collected from the villages under investigation. As a result, there was a very noticeable tendency for the scope of daily life to be reflected in the social area and expressed in sketch maps, and natural elements and elements outside the village periphery tended to appear concentrated only in men's sketch maps. These trends could be comprehensively observed in the collective cognitive map that accumulated residents' sketch maps.

This paper proposes the use of non-combustible products or non-combustible diffusion covers through which light passes as a countermeasure against the Daegu subway fire, the national soundproof tunnel fire, and the traditional market arcade fire. Our products, which have been patented in Japan and Korea, have been approved by the combustion test laboratory of the Japanese Railway Vehicle Mechanical Technology Association and the Korea Institute of Construction Living Environment Test. Subway light covers, information boards, signboards, soundproof tunnels, soundproof walls, and traditional market arcades should be replaced with Our products that are safe for fire.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the failure of open window glass in a high-rise building by strong wind. Since most high-rise buildings in Korea are residential buildings, there is a possibility that window remains open when strong wind occur. The failure of window glass can not only primarily damage house, but can also cause serious damage due to the flying of window glass debris. In this study, Building wind analysis was conducted by FSI(fluid-structure interaction) analysis the case where the actual open window glass was failed due to strong winds. As a result of the FSI analysis, it was found that wind pressure considering the building wind was greater than the wind pressure of the Korean standard and the subject window glass closing occurs before the failure due to limit deformation. Therefore, it was determined that the target window was damaged due to the impact caused by closing due to strong wind, and the impact load was calculated. Rotational motion equation of window system was used to calculate the impact force. The impact force value obtained in this study is the impact force value generated on the subject window system, not the minimum impact force value when the window glass is failed. If closing loading experiment is conducted on the open window system, the wind pressure that generates window glass failure be obtained. If it is applied to the window system design the values obtained through the experiment, failure of open window glass would be prevented.

This study aims to examine citizen participation in Korea from the perspective of community development. The study sheds light on the value and importance of citizen participation through a qualitative analysis of related articles and administrative reports. Participation is crucial in community development. Its theoretical basis is related to a rational approach based on postmodernism. The concept of participation is applied to urban planning to approach problems from a wide range of perspectives and information. The legitimacy of participation is theoretically recognized from this. Although space is an important factor in participation, it is not always clearly defined. Therefore, citizen participation should be designed to enable the involvement of various stakeholders and society across different spatial boundaries. It is important to maintain a balanced and objective approach, avoiding biased language and ensuring precise word choice. The text should also adhere to conventional academic structure and formatting, with clear and concise sentences that create a logical flow of information. Participatory planning in Korea is oriented towards voluntary or resident-led forms, influenced by the Japanese ‘machizukuri’ movement and the Saemaul Movement. However, the difference between the Korean sense of community and other cultures' sense of community has created problems for the current resident-led participatory approach. To address this, a more balanced approach that takes into account cultural differences may be necessary. Resident participation is recognized as a means of forming and growing social capital. Citizen participation can be summarized as a coordinator, connector, supporter, facilitator, planner, implementer, and participant. Distinct roles have been identified for each status.

This paper presents a study on an efficient rise-span ratio of the steel arch structures in Jeju Island. In this paper, the study is limitted to the steel arch structures which has hinge support, steel yield strength of SS275 and wind load of Jeju Island. The Steel arch structures with varying roof brace and rise-span ratio were analyzised. An analysis of the steel arch structures was carried out by MIDAS Gen/w program. The conclusions obtained from this study on an efficient rise-span ratio of the steel arch structures in Jeju Island are as follows. First, The larger rise-span ratio of the steel arch structures with roof brace is the lower the combined strength ratio, The larger rise-span ratio of the steel arch structures without roof brace is the higher the combined strength ratio. Second, This result is come from which the steel arch structures with roof brace are governed vertical load, the steel arch structures without roof brace are governed wind load. Third, It is found that the steel arch structures with roof brace is the larger rise-span ratio is the more efficient to minimize member size of arch beam and column, the steel arch structures without roof brace is the lower rise-span ratio is the more efficient to minimize member size of arch beam and column.

Recently, while the problem of population decline has become more severe, the population of local cities is decreasing further due to the concentration of population in cities. The problem of excessively decreasing population paralyzes administration and harms the local welfare environment. Many regions and countries have tried attracting the residential population to local cities. However, in the current situation where the overall population is decreasing, more than increasing the residential population is needed to fundamentally solve the problem as it takes population from other regions. Under this social background, in the case of Japan, the "related population" who do not live in the region but have relationships and interests are attracting attention. The "related population" refers to people who have a relationship with the region and are attached to the relationship rather than the "interacting population." In addition, relationships, knowledge, and understanding of the region are needed. In other words, disseminating information about local cities is essential in securing relevant populations. This paper aims to investigate the possibility and effectiveness of securing information on regions that are important for expanding the "related population" by using user reviews of private lodgings in local cities.Recently, while the problem of population decline has become more severe, the population of local cities is decreasing further due to the concentration of population in cities. The problem of excessively decreasing population paralyzes administration and harms the local welfare environment. Many regions and countries have tried attracting the residential population to local cities. However, in the current situation where the overall population is decreasing, more than increasing the residential population is needed to fundamentally solve the problem as it takes population from other regions. Under this social background, in the case of Japan, the "related population" who do not live in the region but have relationships and interests are attracting attention. The "related population" refers to people who have a relationship with the region and are attached to the relationship rather than the "interacting population." In addition, relationships, knowledge, and understanding of the region are needed. In other words, disseminating information about local cities is essential in securing relevant populations. This paper aims to investigate the possibility and effectiveness of securing information on regions that are important for expanding the "related population" by using user reviews of private lodgings in local cities.

Four reinforced concrete frame using advanced remodelling technology, which is designed by the conventional method, remodelling technology of ALC panel, X-type steel bracing system with and without steel frame in R/C frame, were tested under both vertical and cyclic loadings, Experimental programs were carried out to evaluate and improve the seismic performance of such test specimens, such as the hysteretic behavior, the maximum horizontal strength, energy dissipation capacity, and crack propagation etc. under load reversals. All the specimens were modeled in one-third scale size. Based on the test results reported in this study, the following conclusions can be made. The maximum load-carrying capacity of specimens(RFAR, RFXB, RFXB-F) designed by the advanced remodelling technology for standard specimen(SRF) were increased 1.46~4.27 times in comparison with the standard specimen(SRF). Energy dissipation capacity of specimens designed by the improving of seismic performance were increased 2.14~4.72 times in comparison with the standard specimen(SRF).