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The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of spectacles of Norman Foster's architecture. Norman Foster has respected the properties of materials in his work. Transparency is one of the unique characteristics of glass and has given various symbolic structures, social and cultural meanings in the facades of architecture. The ways that Norman Foster uses glass to give a new spectacles to his architecture are as follows: (1) Global Style - A building is formed global style that reflects new perspectives and shapes by using glass facades. (2) Two-sided Subjects - A building forms two-sided subjects that experiences the building by considering not only the internal gaze but also the external gaze at the same time. (3) Combination of Historicity and Modernity - A building combines a historical building and a modern building while maintaining existing relationships by using glass. (4) Modern Look - A building creates the modern look by using glass to make the difference in time and lighting between night and day.

General reinforced concrete (RC) frame systems are considered to have disadvantages in the use of plane space especially in the corner area since the size of cross-sectional dimension of column members are larger than the thickness of walls. For the reasons, in the current study, a type of multi-column RC frame system is newly attempted to design as a type of RC office building system. Structural design practice and seismic performance evaluation were applied to both the general RC frame system and the multi-column RC frame system. The multi-column RC frame system can be applied to the seismic load level in Korea. In addition, it was concluded that there are advantages in earthquake response such as maximum lateral displacement, bending moment of the column, base shear force, and reaction force.

This study is directed for visual landscape elements and importance of anchor facility types in urban regeneration. The visual landscape of anchor facilities is an important consideration in urban regeneration projects in that they physically improve the environment and create local revitalization and identity beyond the effect of improving the image of the region. Among the anchor facilities in Chungcheongbuk-do province, this study targeted anchor facilities that are in operation after completion. In addition, the types of anchor facilities were classified, and landscape elements were derived through local government landscape plans, urban regeneration activation plans, and prior research. The identified landscape elements were surveyed to determine their importance and prioritization. The importance analysis shows that the importance of landscape elements for each type of anchor facility varies depending on the type of anchor facility. This means that when considering the landscape plan of the anchor facilities, different types of landscape elements should be prioritized. The landscape plan of the anchor facilities should be applied differently depending on the region and the type of residential facilities in consideration of geographical, physical, and cultural characteristics. As the scope of this study is limited to the anchor facilities that are in the operational stage after completion in Chungcheongbuk-do, we hope that future studies will be conducted to apply it to urban regeneration anchor facilities nationwide.

As numerous surveys and studies indicate, there exists a serious gap between the preservation of designated folk villages as national cultural heritage and the property and livelihood rights of the village residents. Despite efforts in academia to narrow this gap by preserving the traditional form of folk villages while maintaining residents' occupancy, issues persist due to perceptual differences between the government and the villagers. From the perspective that cultural heritage gains meaning and significance from contemporary society, the issues surrounding folk villages imply a lack of resonance or acceptance among residents for the value intentions of the government. Therefore, this study seeks to interpret the ongoing conflict between the state and villagers regarding folk villages as stemming from the government's intention to create villages as symbols of national identity, without adequately considering the present situation and the residents' agency.

Historical sites are filled with history, politics, culture or society, so it is necessary to continuously restore and preserve them so that historical elements do not deteriorate over time. Korea and Thailand are located in the same Asian region and have very similar cultural and physical characteristics such as palaces, Buddhist temples, and fortresses, but urban regeneration, historical preservation direction, legislation, and policy formulation are different due to the unique regional characteristics and circumstances of each country. Accordingly, this study analyzed urban regeneration and policies in the historical areas of both countries through comparing Gyeongju, Korea, and Rattanakosin, Bangkok, Thailand, finding improvement points on urban regeneration in the historical area of Gyeongju and creating basic data for urban regeneration projects in the future. Since this research method is intended to compare urban regeneration in historical areas of the two countries, research is needed to build an understanding from the basic concept of historical urban regeneration in the two countries to comparative analysis. First, study the concept of urban regeneration in historical areas, trends and examples of urban regeneration in historical areas are examined through relevant literature and official media. Second, comparative items and components to be used as tools for comparative analysis of both countries through prior research analysis. Third, Comparison and analysis of research objects based on comparative items and components to obtain comprehensive results by combining the similarities and differences of each item of urban regeneration in the historical areas of both countries.

With the development of contemporary economy, people's demand for living has become diversified, no longer treating housing as a space to provide a rest place, but giving housing social attributes, connecting culture, people and society through housing. In order to meet the needs of residents at the economic level and the residential level as well as the communication level, shared housing in South Korea and China occupies an important position in the rental market. Despite the geographical proximity, there are differences in the spatial composition of shared homes. Moreover, there is very little research on co-living house type of shared housing in the two countries, especially on space composition. Therefore, this paper aims to study co-living houses in shared houses in South Korea and China, and make a comparative study on the spatial layout of co-living houses in South Korea and China, and compare and analyze the differences in spatial layout. It is hoped that this research will be helpful to the future development of shared housing in the two countries. Through case investigation and comparative study, this study selected 10 co-living house cases in Korea and China for comparative analysis, and obtained the spatial composition characteristics of co-living houses in the two countries. Moreover, the shared space proportion of co-living houses in the two countries, the types of programs and services provided by co-living houses are investigated. Based on the survey results of the two countries, the spatial composition types of co-living houses are divided into five types: high-rise type, low-rise type, amphitype, general mixed type and unit type. When constructing co-living houses, the location of shared space can be determined according to the height of the building.

In terms of the moment frame system of steel structures, early brittle fractures developed in the H-shaped beam-to-column connection during the Northridge and Kobe earthquakes, thereby indicating insufficient seismic performance of these components. In this study, experiments were conducted on one-side shear connections of web and rib plate reinforcements of the flanges on an H-shaped beam-to-column connection. According to the test results, the H-shaped beam-to-column connections with one-side shear connections of beam web and rib plate reinforcements of the flanges were superior to the existing connections in terms of initial stiffness, energy dissipation capacity, and plastic rotational capacity(25%). The test values exceeded 4%, 0.029 rad, and 130% in terms of story drift ratio, total plastic rotation capacity, and full plastic moment of the beam, respectively. Accordingly, the proposed H-shaped beam-to-column connection showed better performance than that of the intermediate moment frame regarding seismic design.

This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the size and layout planning of hospital-grade medical institutions, with a focus on secondary hospitals. It examines cases of orthopedic hospitals planned and built since the 1990s, studying how changes in regulations have influenced their size and layout decisions. We examined how building-to-land ratio, floor area ratio, parking, and external space planning achieve the limits applied at the time of planning. Findings: 1) In size determination, there’s a tendency to secure the building-to-land ratio first. The floor area ratio is associated with securing the ward floor and is influenced by the building owner’s requirements. 2) In layout planning, parking type and circulation are prioritized over external space planning elements. 3) There’s a tendency to secure neighborhood living facilities over public notice in layout planning, considering user characteristics. This study can be used in initial planning of orthopedic hospitals.

In this study, specimens, designed by reinforced concrete frame using the advanced seismic frame remodelling technology, were constructed and tested to improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete buildings subjected to earthquake-tpye loadings, Six-story existing reinforced concrete buildings, applying the advanced frame remodelling technology were carried out to evaluate the seismic performance based on performance design. In the evaluation of seismic performance of the existing reinforced concrete buildings using the advanced frame remodelling technology by the performance based design, as a result of nonlinear static analysis of reinforced concrete structures, the story drift angle in the x- direction showed up to 16% reduction when applying the advanced seismic remodelling technology(RFXB-F, RFAR) compared to before reinforcement.

Recently, safety inspection of fire outbreak factors is recognized as very important theme because many fires have occurred such as fires in the work process(welding, equipment work, etc) by the use of various ignition sources as well as increase of combustibles construction due to enlargement trend of new construction. However, similar fire accidents occur repeatedly due to the lack of analysis of the correlation between fire occurrence factors(fire cause, risk factor, ignition source) as well as analysis of fire conditions for each construction types. From this point of view, the purpose of this research is to suggest the methodology of fire prevention to contemplate rational plans of safety management targeting 54 accidents in new construction from 2010 to 2023. In order to achieve the purpose of this research, the flashlight process was analyzed for each types of ignition source, and suggest classification system for the fire causes through the case study. The fire causes and risk factor including ignition sources were analyzed for each facilities and construction types of multiple fire. Based on the case study and related law, we suggest the classification structure of fire cases information of new construction and measures for prevention of fire accident targeting facilities and construction types for priority management.

This study aimed to investigate the current status of the district unit planning information systems operated by local governments in South Korea and explore improvement measures. Initially, a survey was conducted targeting seven systems operated by local governments to examine their operational status and the level of information they provide. Subsequently, in-depth interviews were conducted to identify on-site issues. As a result, limitations of 2D decision diagrams, difficulties in real-time updates of information, and challenges in standardizing guidelines were revealed. To address these issues, this paper proposed three main improvement measures. First, it is necessary to enhance database conversion process of district unit planning decision diagrams to facilitate smooth transfer to GIS data, minimizing errors, and improving system loading efficiency. Second, the introduction of standardized methods for constructing guidelines containing complex information is essential to provide accurate and consistent information for all parcels. Lastly, it is crucial to develop user-friendly systems that enhance user experience for those utilizing information, making access to and interpretation of information more convenient. Sharing the results of this research and examples from local governments is vital to establishing improved systems for providing accurate and efficient information in future district unit planning information system constructions.

With the aging population in Korea, there arises a critical need to address housing design tailored to the preferences and needs of the elderly. This study delves into a approach to developing such designs by leveraging documentaries that shed light on the lives and environments of the elderly. Documentaries were collected and analyzed to deepen understanding of the lives and living environments of the elderly. This informs architectural design to incorporates health, safety, and convenience aspects with it. In results, these insights will contribute to the development of design for elderly-centric housing spaces enabling the elderly to live in more comfortable and safer environment.