Earticle

本 硏究는 生産性學 定立을 위한 生産性理論의 展開過程을 經營史的으로 區分하고 그 特性을 考察하는 것을 目的으로 하였다. 生産性理論의 展開過程은 ① 起源-胎動期, ② 成立-生成期, ③ 跳躍-成長期, ④ 發展-成熟期, ⑤ 轉換-變革期,등 5期로 區分하고 學術的 價値를 創出한 生産性理論과 技法들을 發掘하여 體系的으로 定立하였다. 그리고 韓國의 生産性理論을 韓國生産性學會 創立이후, 生産性論文集 第1卷(1987년 3월)부터 第11卷,제2집(1996년 6월)까지의 發表論文을 專攻分野 理論別로 類型化하여 區分하고, 그 以前 韓國生産性本部를 통하여 硏究된 部門을 胎動期로 規定하고, 韓國生産性學會의 創立以後 成立期, 跳躍期등으로 規定하여 3期로 나누고 21世紀의 生産性學으로 發展할 수 있는 方案을 摸索하였다.

This study is aimed first at classifying the developmental process of the productivity innovation in the light of the management history and then at examining its related characteristics. The innovation process in productivity is classified into six stages such as a Quickening stage, a Formation stage, a Take-off stage, a Developmental stage, a Maturity stage and a Renovation stage. And both the innovation theory in productivity and its techniques, creating scientific values, was systematically established after being deduced and exploited therefrom. This study is also designed to seek and draw the alternatives for innovation stage in 21st century by reviewing the development status on the productivity-innovation campaign in Korea from the management history point. For alternatives of the innovation stage, it is considered that we need to change our existing thought on the concept of the productivity innovation at first and that we have to take a new turn activity for total productivity innovation in order to create the productivity mind. To this end, all efforts should be concentrated on maximizing a productivity synergism by grafting the managerial thought with the emphasis on humanism into the business organization through the formation of the proper innovative strategy and its implementation, while attempting to achieve the productivity innovation namely by establishing an integrated product system such as a factory automation, works in computerization, and information processing.

Using the knowledge management perspective, this study investigates the top level decision making process, which brought the financial crisis in Korea at late 1997. To analyze the characteristics of a Korean knowledge management, this study applies knowledge spaces for meta-knowledge, formalhformal organizations, and cultural spaces. Implicit knowledge and the role of informal organizations are regarded to be relatively more important in Korean knowledge management models. It, then, suggests the introduction of meta-knowledge mechanisms for the fluent circulation of knowledge.

As the interests in the work groups in organizations increases, this study tries to identify the significant differences in cohesiveness, climate, and satisfaction between group types resulting from the interaction of group members. In this study SYMLOG (A SYstem for the Multiple Level Observation of Groups) is employed to classify the group types and focused especially on the PF quadrant which is known as a desirable space in the whole SYMLOG space. The purpose of this study is to identify the group type which is expected to show the high group effectiveness or the high group productivity in the PF quadrant. The results of this study indicated that types of group influenced group productivity even if work groups are located in the most effective space(PF quadrant) in the SYMLOG space. After testing 4 hypotheses the unified group is identified the most productive type of work group in PF quadrant. This result could be understood to present a guideline for effective management of work groups and a interaction type of group members for which work groups should seek ultimately. Comparing to the results of previous studies that just identify the PF quadrant in SYMLOG space as a space for productive work groups, this result would be recognized as a progress with more specific results.

In the universities as well as enterprises, it`s the time to enforce systematically quality competition for the internal and external customer satisfaction. The essential substance of the product liability system is that the supplier should have the liability to the suffering damages that come from defective products. The product liability system is an active consumer protection system being enforced in many of the advanced nations. In the same way, one of the essential role of university management is to cultivate men to fulfill the fundamental needs of the nation. Universities have to recognize the quality assurance concept in cultivating men and to improve their productivity in all aspects. This paper concludes that with the change of recognition and the improvement of constitution the emphasis should be on the importance of quality assurance not only for enterprises but also for universities.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of institutional environments and firm-specific resources on organizational performance. The study is based on two theories, institutional theory and resource-based view of the firm. Institutional theory argues that institutions maintain a rule-like-status and function as powerful myths, and organizations are driven to incorporate the institutionalized practices and procedures. Organizations that do so increase their legitimacy and are more likely to acquire indispensable resources which are critical to maintaining higher organizational performance. Hence, it is hypothesized that institutional effects are positively related to organizational performance. The resource-based view argues that the imperfectly imitable firm-specific resources are critical to sustained Competitive advantage. If a firm can possess and utilize imperfectly imitable resources, the firm will maintain competitive advantage and higher organizational performance. It is hypothesized that the imperfectly imitable firm-specific resources are positively related to organizational performance. To examine the hypotheses, the study sampled data from the kindergartens within the two educational districts in the City of Seoul and used general linear model (GLM). The results supported the positive effects of institutional environment and firm-specific resources on organizational performance.

Manufacturing planning and control (MPC) systems concerns planning and controlling the manufacturing process, which includes materials, machines, people, suppliers. An effective MPC system can provide substantial competitive advantage for a company in its markets and to support overall company strategy. But in Korean manufacturing companies, planning and scheduling is a frustrating and overwhelming experience. Most of the people continue attacking the problem with their own experiences and their own native intelligence, and the outcome is unfortunately a failure. In this paper, two simple scheduling models are introduced to illustrate the effectiveness of the formal scheduling system over the one managed by human experiences. These systems are applied to the real problems in two manufacturing firms and the results of applications are provided. We also give an implication of these case studies.

Foreign Direct Investment(FDI) has been considered as one of the most significant measures to conquer the IMF era of Korean economy. Because of the many obstacles such as government regulations, high wages and rents, etc., FDI into Korea has been unsatisfactory and not enough. The purpose of this study is to develop appropriate strategies to expedite and induce FDI into Choongchungnam-Do(Choongnam). First, the study defines FDI and discuss various sorts of FDI. Second, the study examines the recent states of Choongnam economy. Third, it looks through the current FDI inducements of Choongnam. Finally, this study suggests various strategies to induce FDI into Choongnam.

This study is to examine the usefulness of the cost information by using ABC system. The purpose is to find out how the internal customers recognize the usefulness of the cost information provided by ABC system. A empirical model is designed to test two hypothesis that are derived under the assumption that the cost information of ABC system is more useful than that of the conventional costing system. Literature was reviewed and the users currently using ABC system were interviewed as well as surveyed. The gathered data was analyzed by spss/win 8.0 package. To summarize the study, if the greatest administration goal of the company is satisfying its customers, it would be very supportive for them to use the ABC system. That showed the better effectiveness in quality and time control relatively. Also, although the company does not have a fully automated factory, depending on how they use it, the ABC system can show its doubled effectiveness in the field, we could analyze.

This study evaluates the relation among security returns and funds-based earnings components by incorporating the predictive information in historical serial- and cross- correlations among the earnings components. We document that proxies for market expectations of the components that are based on measures of serial- and cross-dependencies are more accurate than random-walk proxies. We find that operating cash flow component of earnings is significantly more highly valued than current accruals when the serial dependency model is used as an expectation model of the components. Particularly, this additional information content of operating cash flows over current accruals is driven by firm-years having extreme unexpected operating cash flows.

Since the breake of the Asian Financial Crisis which engulfed the three fastest grown economies in the world, many arguments and initiatives for restructuring international financial system have emerged. This was because the old Bretton Woods System and the present international financial architecture including the IMF system were proven to be ineffective to deal with the mammoth-sized financial crisis witnessed in Asia and the subsequent similar crises in Brazil and Russia. Since the break of the financial crisis in Asia, an accelerating momentum appeares being built on the proposition that those Asian countries alone should not be blamed 100 percent for the crisis and that the vulnerability of the present international financial system also should be blamed. Those arguments for restructuring world financial system ranged from the suggestion of abolition of the IMF to establishing a world central bank and strengthening of the IMF. In reality, however, the leading initiative to deal with present weakness in the world financial architecture is moving along the lines of the G22`s suggestion by the IMF. Nevertheless, one cannot deny that the strong impulse and zeal to construct a new international financial architecture is losing strength as the world economy as well as the economies of the crisis-hit countries recover at a pace much faster than anticipated earlier. Therefore, Korea which experienced a serious setback in the economy from the financial crisis in 1997, should pursue strongly the ongoing structural reform and deploy prudent macroeconomic policies with extreme care to prevent another crisis.

The aim of this study is to testify that the Quinn`s leadership style classification is fit to korean small firms. The questionnaire survey method was adopted to collect the data for this study. Middle managers from 138 small manufacturing firms were taken part in this study. The major findings from this study are summarized as follows. First, the CEO`s leadership style of these firms is classified into two factors. It is different from Quinn s leadership style classification. Second, The CEO`s managerial roles of korean small firms are grouped as internal management style and external-informational management style. These findings give us suggestions that the leadership style classification which was developed in a foreign country may not be fit automatically to other countries, and so it is necessary to make a further study of our own leadership style classification.

The purpose of this study is to examine empirically the effects of market structure and R&D activity on market performance in Korea. The dependent variable is Tobin`s Q ratio(firm`s market value). Independent variables include seven measures of commodity market concentration(monopo1istic and oligopolistic firm), advertising intensity, capital intensity, firm size, R&D intensity(R&D to sales), the number of Korea invention patents issued and market risk(β). Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis are performed to test on the effects of market structure and R&D on market performance. The results show a tendency for the effects of market structure and R&D activity on market performance. The conclusion of this study is as follows: (1) The effect of market concentration on Tobin`s Q ratio is negative significant. (2) The effect of R&D intensity on Tobin`s Q ratio is positive significant, and the effect of patents on Tobin`s Q ratio is small(statistical1y insignificant) positive. (3) The effect of advertising intensity on Tobin s Q ratio is positive significant, and the effect of capital intensity, firm size and market risk on Tobin`s Q ratio is negative significant.

This study is to examine how survivors` perceived variables concerning layoff affects organizational effectiveness, and this study has the following major objectives. 1. To examine how perception of survivors about layoff(perceived justice, perceived co-workers` reactions, perceived identity feelings with layoff victims, perceived job insecurity) would affects in job satisfaction and organizational commitment. 2. To find if survivors` perception of concerning layoff affects the change of job satisfaction and organizational commitment, demographic factors will operate as moderate variables. To examine the above objectives, empirical study is conducted: seven companies were selected as samples for this study and 743 questionnaires were analysed. The findings show that job satisfaction and organizational commitment decreased after layoff. The perceived of co-workers reactions influence job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The perceived of identity with layoff victims negatively influence job organizational commitment. The relations between perceived job insecurity and job satisfaction and organizational commitment are not significantly correlated. The moderating effects of demographic variables were found in union membership, and marital status. Finally, the implications of this study are that employees` job satisfaction and organizational commitment as job attitude variables are decreased after layoffs. Therefore, human resources manager are required to consider the survivor`s perception and try to maintain their psychological stability in jobs. Perceived justice of layoff has a positive influence on organizational effectiveness, do personnel manager should consider the procedural and distributive justice about layoff.