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This study investigated impacts of the characteristics of entrepreneur, environment, competitive strategies, organizational characteristics, and resource capability on the performance of venture business. For empirical data for this study, 149 companies registered in KOSDAQ and 357 companies registered in Small & Medium Business Administration (SMBA) are sampled and surveyed as subjects. And the valid data of 126 venture business among them are collected by direct interview and mail survey. The statistical techniques that are used to test hypothesis were factor analysis, cluster analysis, multiple regression analysis, one-way ANOVA, and T-test. The results of this study indicate that the performance of venture business is determined by characteristics of entrepreneur (need for achievement, age and academy background of entrepreneur), environmental characteristics(the degree of competition and the growth rate of the industry), competitive strategies, organizational characteristics(task autonomy), and resource capability(capital capability and technical capability), In addition, the Fitness between the growth rate of the industry and competitive strategies, the Fitness between organizational structure and competitive strategies, and the growth step of venture business influences over the performance of venture business

Small Firms are defined as the smaller firms among the SMEs. Despite of the scale of the firms, they are important in socio-economic terms based on the following reasons. At first, they create the diverse opportunities of the employment. At second, they promote the competitive field of technology innovations as shown in many venture style of the successive business. Finally, they are so important in that the owners of the firms mange the firm as the key factor to survive. In Korea, the number of these small firms reaches 2.592,811, more than 90% of the total firms of 2,853.673. They also take the portion of 59% of the whole national employment. Compared with their portion in numbers as well as the employment, the small firms should be treated as the grass hope of the capitalism. Due to this reason, Korean government established the SBDC (Small Business Develpoment Center) under the SBA (Small Business Administration) in February of 1999. These SBDC took the major role to support the financial and managerial difficulties of the small firms. However, up to now the major role of the SBDC emphasizes too much only on the financial support for the establishment of the small firms. So this paper is aimed to strengthened the role of SBDC to promote the productivity of the small, firms under the current circumstances.

New millenium age needs renewed adaptation to huge fluctuation. Korean industry must seek new paradigm to growth. According to the prediction, the assemble method using globally sourced parts and materials will be popularized. So, in the future the competence of developing parts and materials will be the core determinant of nation`s competitive power. To raise parts & materials competitive power, we need following strategies. First, SWOT analysis is needed. So, we can find market niche and focus our endeavor on that part. Second, STP analysis is also needed. Before executing the efforts to rear up parts and materials industry, we must know first who is our customer, where we are, where we want to go, and how we get there. Third, focusing, maintaining of competitive niche, enlarging standardizing common using strategies will give solution to cure week position of parts & materials industry.

There has been continuous, incremental exchanges between Korea and China since 1992. Especially, a great deal of active exchanges between Korea and Yanbian in China is noteworthy. This has generated numerous negative effects along with some positive ones. This study aims to bring better understanding of present conditions and problems of the past and ongoing economic and cultural exchanges between Korea and Yanbian and to explore more productive possible directions and suggestions for Korean entrepreneurs and their counterpart, Yanbian. Literature reviews and investigations and case studies were adopted as the methods for this study. In conclusion, in order to achieve more mutually productive exchanges, this paper suggests the following advices to both Korea and Yanbian respectively. Firstly, Korean entrepreneurs should consider that 1) more precise understandings about cultural differences are essential. 2) more accurate knowledge about Chinese law, system and market are required. Joint ventures with Hongkong or Taiwanese corporations which have relatively rich knowledge and experiences to Chinese can be good options to be considered for Korean corporations which lack of them. 3) seeking or targeting new markets in smaller cities competing with smaller local companies rather than in bigger cities with bigger ones is better strategy for small and middle sized Korean companies. 4) approach to Yanbian with business mind for a basis, not political or mental consideration is important. 5) entering into a contract on equal terms with Yanbian must be observed. Secondly, Yanbian, as the host should make improvements in the following aspects: 1) expanding concrete establishment of infrastructure for foreign business. 2) consolidating more safe social system, especially for Koreans. 3) creating `business mind` among Yanbian public service personnel.

Japanese products have both universal and Japanese-unique characters. It is absolutely true that Japan has its own aspects. However, we cannot deny they rarely possess anything original in their Japan culture. Accordingly this study focuses on the characteristics of Japanese world best products, its sociocultural background, and its culture-embodied factors. In fact, the industries such as automobile, appliances, or toys that Japan dominates over the world came from the Western technology. But the mental culture like Japanese unique `iidokodori`, `kikubari`, `wa` spirits and craftsmanship embodied in those technologies resulted in Japanese products as the world best with a better quality and lower price. Moreover those spirits do not work respectively to the products, rather they act with synergy effects altogether in harmony. This harmony makes out world best Japanese product. Those spirits are realized by function, convenience, safety, durability, accuracy, perfection, sincerity, and trust that characterize Japanese unique technology. All the mental cultures that embodied in Japanese products are confirmed in this study.

Learning effect has implication for the performance analysis for the LCD industry which is highly process oriented and capital intensive industry. In this study, we estimate the learning parameter in that industry and investigate the difference in learning across generations. Based on the estimated learning effect, we provide some implication for the question whether the leadership in the industry is sustainable or not.

Based on the concept of cluster, the paper aims to investigate the logic of innovation processes in a Korean traditional market, Dongdaemoon. For this purpose, the paper sums up the current theoretical efforts on cluster and innovation, which are widely seen in social sciences from geography to innovation studies. And the author proposes to employ analytical frameworks of cluster, namely the anatomy of cluster and the dynamical trajectories in the evolution of cluster. Finally, these frameworks are applied for understanding the dynamic innovation in Dongdaemoon.

The historical revolution in 1995 could be too radical to change smoothly and efficiently the world economic structure. The major tool of the revolution came from the borderless competition initiated by WTO and the Electronic Commerce motivated by Internet. These two factors outstandingly affected the international transportation industries as well. The result could be summarized with the transition from trade of output to foreign direct investment and from the transportation to logistics. While, the surrounding economies of Korea resulted in the turmoil of the revolution with IMF foreign currency crisis. Overcoming the crisis, Korean firms should consider more of the regional cooperation in the Far East Asia in terms of internalization of the business management in the region. This research focused on the cooperative tools in the name of the fourth party logistics (4PL) to efficiently and smoothly establish the regional hub of the Far East. The 4PL could internalize the cross-country production and marketing in the frame of supply chain management (SCM) among the firms in home and host countries. It opens the new horizon of the international transportation or logistics.

Korean exporters were constantly troubled with unpaid matters. Especially with China, the unpaid trade volume is growing rapidly. This study analyzes the related factors and the protective strategies of the unpaid conflicts with chinese buyers. In general, `unpaid` is a term used broadly and it mainly means that buyers don`t pay partly or totally to ask for a price cut and to compensate whatever damage. And unpaid` includes payment delay and requesting additional shipment. Through this research, I hope to help Korean trading companies make efficient marketing strategies. This empirical study is based on 400 survey forms collected from a pool of eight corporations which takes up half of the total export volume in Korea. The response from 182 persons who are in charge of selling to china in international marketing department is used in the final analysis. Hypothesis 1 through 4 of this research were confirmed by factor analyses and RISREL(Llnear Structural Relationship, or Structural Equation Modeling). The results of this research are summarized as follow. First, the rate of the general unpaid conflicts in China revealed at 1.9% which is calculated by export insurance accident rate. And a big corporation`s unpaid rate was 0.75%. Second, the importer`s financial risk depend on the Chinese market environment and trade barriers. We have suggested that when the market barriers are revealed, the unpaid conflicts become more serious. Third, RISREL analysis was performed on the hypothesis that unfair trade convention depend on the financial risk and trade barriers. If buyers are to fall in financial risk, they try to seek unpaid problems. Forth, contract is the most important thing in solving the unpaid conflicts. If a exporter violates the contract condition, he will fall into serious marketing and financial damage. So personnel who are in charge of international trade shall deal with transaction carefully from the first to the last to prevent trading conflicts.

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of stock market floating policy that took place in the past and to present an empirical basis about the necessity of floating policy and the effect of policy. The researcher analyzed empirically the stock market floating policy conducted 5 times since 1995 with the data of daily general stock price index and transaction volume, in order to clarify how much effect does the government intervention have on the stock price and the reverse turn of earning rate, and what change does it occur onto the pattern of investment. It was confirmed that government`s frequent and successive market intervention has a little effect on the entire trend of the stock market. Generally speaking, the government`s floating policy conducted 5 times since 1995 seems to have only a short-term effect on the market. A temporal reverse turn occurs just after enforcing a policy, but it doesn`t last for 5 days, hardly having an effect on the fluctuation of the earning rate. According to the fluctuation of cumulative net purchase volume and net purchase sum by investors. the stock authorities` floating policy seemed to have an effect on the regular fluctuation of net purchase volume and net purchase sum. However, the 5 times of floating policy since 1995 had an effect on investors differently according to the contents. Individual or foreign investors showed frequent change in both net purchase volume and sum. but institutional investors didn`t show a remarkable change. An ARIMA(0,1,0) model was built up to verify the effectiveness of stock market floating policy statistically. After presuming the effectiveness during 40 days before the policy and 80 days before and after the policy, t-value was not significant statistically in both cases. So it isn`t correct statistically to say that stock authorities` floating policy has a positive effect on the earning rate. But in the t-test for during 40 days before the policy and 40 days after the policy by using the cumulative rate of return, we found that the difference of mean and standard deviation between two period was proved statistically in the 95% confidence level.

This paper sought to examine the accounting-marketing interface. Especially, this paper investigated the validity of three measures for the marketing activity performance: marketing environment, level of accounting information, and perceived level of marketing-accounting interface. A questionnaire survey among accounting and marketing managers of korean listed companies was used to assess the mutual relationship among four variables. The results show that marketing-orientation, perceived level of interface, the level of marketing related accounting information provided by accounting department can increase marketing activity performance. This study provides empirical evidence for the general assumption that accounting-marketing interface and level of marketing related accounting information can be valid explanatory variables for marketing activity performance.

The finance expenditure of college is divided into ordinary expenditure and capital expenditure. The former concludes personal expenses, management and operation capital, expenditure for student activities, and etc. The latter consists of expenditure for facilities and equipment, costs for property preparation, and etc. By making clear those expenditure and structural characters, we can calculate reasonable education costs. The accounts of college has been demanded to be transparent and fair because colleges have to notice the balance sheet and other data related to accounts from 2001. This study contributes to rational operations of college finance, by researching the theoretical background of education costs that makes college finance efficient and needs to draw up the budget in a rational manner, and the necessity and methods about the analysis of education costs.

In these days, there occurs many problems about management efficiencies in a manufacturing environments because the variety of manufacturing products. Of course, the process and the standard time estimation should be performed accurately and immediately to keep step with the frequently required product design changes under Job shop type production. Then, management technologies have regarded as the indispensable factors. Among them, management efficiency is the most importantly regarded one as well as common parts and identical process controls under Job shop type production. This study investigated the task efficiency of the manufacturing-related indirect management by comparing the frequencies of standard time estimation between S-BOM that considered common part, half-finished part, press and general manufacturing BOM.

The purpose of this study was to quantitatively prove the asymmetric lifting acts on the risk factor of low back pain by a comparison of muscle activities of spinal loading and muscle strength(hand grip and back strength) between two types of lifting tasks (symmetric and asymmetric). Fourteen male subjects were participated in the experiment. We analysed and compared hand grip force, back strength. EMG(Electromyography), and IEMG (Integrated Electromyography) values for the stoop posture between symmetric and asymmetric lifting tasks using paired t-test. As the result, the back strength decreased in twisting posture. According to the result of EMG analysis, there were significant differences between right and left erector spinae muscle in asymmetric lifting task regardless of load. When subjects lifted boxes of right side, EMG values of left muscle were higher than those of right muscle. As twisting angle increased, EMG values of left muscle increased and EMG values of right muscle decreased. The results of IEMG analysis were similar to the results of EMG analysis. The results of EMG values during lifting indicated that the take-of stage was most stressful.