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Due to the scarcity of public expenditure in the era of low growth and ageing population, governments are paying attention to how to use public resources in more efficient and effective ways. In particular, while debates on the effectiveness of public R&D investment in Korea have been proceeding, it is a matter of great concern to both economists and policy makers to compare the efficiency of public R&D expenditures among many countries investigating impacts of public R&D investment on the national economy. In this paper, we analyzed and compared efficiency of public R&D investment among many countries focusing on promotion for the private R&D investment. In addition, we conducted quantitative analyses to investigate how Korean government’s R&D expenditure improve competitiveness in the cutting-edge technologies. From the empirical results, public R&D investment in Korea is so efficient for promoting private R&D investment as well as outcomes such as academic papers, patents and commercialization that it is thought to be significantly helpful to science and technology development.

The result of a task that minutely looks into pattern in one research area can be used as a basis for future study. Although various studies are being carried out for Information Technology(IT) outsourcing research in Korea from many aspects, no attempts have been made to examine research trends of these researches. This study explores research trends through approach from the perspective of bibliometric analysis of author bibliographic coupling analysis which is a kind of citation analysis most suitable for domestic trend analysis, from the perspective of bibliometric analysis as a means of understanding IT outsourcing research trends in korea. For this study, IT outsourcing researches based on accredited journals on National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) were reviewed, among the researches regarding IT outsourcing studies to 2014 and top 38 authors were selected in the order of publications. Based on author bibliographic coupling method which is a kind of citation analysis most suitable for domestic trend analysis that uses Pearson’s correlation coefficient, this study carried out clustering analysis and multi-dimension scaling to visually express research trends of IT outsourcing studies and proposed sub sectors of research themes. The results indicate through the analysis of research trends by clustering analysis and MDS scaling to display author clusters and subcategories research themes of IT outsourcing on a MDS are as follows: First, IT outsourcing research started in 1994 and decreased recent years. Top journals of IT outsourcing is Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems(21 cases), Journal of the Korea Society of IT Services(12 cases), Information Systems Review(12 cases). And researchers were confirmed Nam, Ki Chan(13 times), Kim, Hyun Soo, An, Joon Mo, Lee, Jae Nam, Jo, Dong Hwan(5 times each). Second, The sub sectors of IT outsourcing research turned out to be the areas of decision, Performance, Audit, adoption, Strategy & Control, Competence & Public, Risk, ITSM, IT Service Outsourcing, Conflict Management. This study is a new attempt to confirm the usefulness of the analysis of research trends in IT outsourcing. This study has significance in that it tries to find major authors, journals and research fields under an active investigation of IT outsourcing. It expected to help the researchers in the concerning area. For future exploration, a variety of analytical techniques could be implemented such as network analysis and a comparative study of the papers with overseas researches. Also, author bibliographic coupling analysis should be implemented periodically.

This study examined the effects of leader-member exchange (LMX) on organizational commitment and helping behavior, the effect of organizational commitment on helping behavior, and the mediating effects of helping behavior on the relationship between LMX and job performance and the relationship between organizational commitment and job performance. To do this, the study hypothesized as follows: Hypothesis 1. LMX will be positively related to organizational commitment. Hypothesis 2. LMX will be positively related to helping behavior. Hypothesis 3. Organizational commitment will be positively related to helping behavior. Hypothesis 4. Organizational commitment will be positively related to job performance. Hypothesis 5. Helping behavior will be positively related to job performance. Hypothesis 6. Helping behavior will mediate the relationship between LMX and job performance. Hypothesis 7. Helping behavior will mediate the relationship between organizational commitment and job performance. Data were collected from 247 employees in Korean distribution companies. Results indicated that LMX was positively related to organizational commitment and helping behavior. Results also indicated that organizational commitment had a positive effect on helping behavior, but had not significant effect on job performance. Especially, helping behavior fully mediated the relationship between LMX and job performance and the relationship between organizational commitment and job performance, respectively. From this, we discussed implications for job performance in theory and in practice.

The application of IT technology and software is dramatically changing the nature of consumer products today. Products are getting smarter and more intelligent. Smart product is an intelligent product as a physical and information-based representation of a product. A smart product has properties such as unique identification, effective communication, relevant decision making and so. However, there have been little research on the topic. The previous research on smart products can be found only within the fields of industrial design. This paper studies the consumers’ perceptions toward a smart product and investigates the method to evaluate PIQ (product intelligence quotient) effectively. Due to the rapid progress of IT technology and related software, smart products of today can collect, analyze, and adapt information and be described as intelligent beings. In the study a series of qualitative and quantitative research was performed respectively to re-examine and test the measures of AARMA. In the qualitative study, the original scales are modified slightly and five major factors that are consisting of a smartphone’s product smartness are identified. The factors are autonomy, adaptability, reactivity, multi-functionality, and ability to cooperate. This paper also shows that the product with these five factors can affect a user’s satisfaction positively. The higher levels of product smartness are associated with higher level of user satisfaction. The effects of on user satisfaction are significantly supported. The paper additionally evaluates and compares the PIQ of major smartphones in the marketplace. The paper discussed the research results and their implications and concludes with a discussion of the limitations and suggestions for further researches.

This study analyzed the effect of business support policies, as a part of the Regional Industrial Policy targeting the capital region, on the enterprise performance. In addition, under the assumption that business support policies have the significant impact, the satisfaction for enterprise support service quality has the impact relationship with overall policy satisfaction and reuse. And it makes the factor for business support service quality and its item through the previous research and theory consideration. In addition, it sets up the regression model and structural analysis model through a hypothesis. The results show that factors such as the ‘funding for Technology commercialization, supporting for Shared equipment, supporting for Technology transfer, being involved in networking, supporting for attraction of investment’,among factors of enterprise support service, affect the sales and rate of employees increase. Second, the results of relationship which affect the overall satisfaction of service quality and reuse show that support process and support performance have the significant influence on overall satisfaction. In addition, Overall satisfaction has the significant influence on a factor of reuse.

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of job satisfaction according to types of hospital workers on service orientation. In addition, analyzed the difference of job satisfaction and service orientation between regular worker and contingent worker. In order to identify the determinants of service orientation and job satisfaction, we used salary, supervisor relations, promotion and colleagues as the final antecedents. Data collected from 4 hospitals which is located in capital area, and collected 127 questionnaires, which analyzed to find the characteristics of worker using factor analysis, frequency analysis, variance analysis with PLS(Partial Least Square). Salary and colleagues relations do not affect to job satisfaction at a significance level of 5%, but the other antecedents affect to job satisfaction at a significance level of 5%. Also, we found out the mediating effect of workers types, such as regular and contingent in hospital, which is compose of diverse specialist. The results showed the difference between regular worker and contingent worker in the path coefficient in the research model. At the contingent model, R² of service orientation is 14.6%, and R² of job satisfaction is 51.9%, which is over the criteria of Fornell and Larcker. Salary and promotion did not accept at a significance level of 5%. Also, regular model, R² of service orientation is 63.8%, and R² of job satisfaction is 64.1%, which satisfied with the criteria of Fornell and Larcker. Colleagues and supervisor relations did not accept at a significance level of 5%. The difference of two models is a evidence of mediating effect. Following the former research, salary is a significant factor to jab satisfaction, but, salary is a insignificant variable at the contingent model. But, supervisor relations is a important variable. It means that contingent workers try to keep the good relationship with supervisor, because of following hire contract. Salary does not a important to contingent workers, because their salary does not change during contract. But, salary is a significant factor to the regular workers, and they affected by promotion. Specially, supervisor relations does not significant in the regular model. It may be reason for the hospital is stable and compose of specialist. The research results are used to manage diverse types worker.

This study is to empirically analyze if there are some relevance between corporate’s R&D expenditures and its market performance according to firm size and characteristics. 515 companies those are listed on Korea Exchange including KOSPI and KOSDAQ are selected for the sample survey over the period of 12 years from January 2001 to December 2012. Many of previous studies showed that there is a close relevance between R&D expenditures and corporate’s market performance, but they did not conduct them by combining the two of analyses of time-series and cross-section and time lag analysis. Thus panel data analysis and time lag analysis were used here while considering matters of time differences. The market performance is studied by dividing into three categories such as market capitalization, book value to market value ratio and price to net book value ratio. The summary of this study’s empirical results are as follows: First, corporate’s R&D expenditures have a significantly positive(+) relation statistically with all market performance at current (t) and previous (t-1) timing. This result indicates that R&D expenditures are consistently increasing corporate’s market performance. Second, growth rate has a significantly positive correlation statistically on all market performances over all periods. This result shows that the higher growth rate the corporate has, corporate invest the more investment on R&D expenditures. Third, debt ratio shows positive and negative influence on market performance, and the significant level is shown differently at market performance and the periods, respectively. Fourth, firm’s size is shown that it has a significantly positive correlation statistically on all market performances over all periods. This result shows that the bigger the corporate is, the corporate increases investment on R&D expenditures. And we can see that the effects are shown over several years. There were some restrictions in securing accuracy and objectivity in computation of expenditures due to no enough cases and lack of reliability of the data. Besides, this study has set the limits to a few of listed companies during a certain period which led to a sense of difference between sample companies. Therefore, it is necessary to study the relevance between R&D expenditures and corporate’s market performance more objectively by improving those matters.

Since the advent of smart phones and the consolidation of mobile operating systems under iOS and Android, application developers have come to a situation that they should consider the economy within the size not only in the domestic market, but also in the global market. Accordingly, the government has been eager to support the overseas expansion of mobile service firms. However, there are not yet many cases that have experienced global success in the mobile service field, and thus there is not much information that can be used as guidelines for new firms that want to expand overseas. Mobile service businesses are still taking inefficient actions in the process of designing and developing application services. Furthermore such inefficiency is more amplified during designing and developing process when it comes to global market. Companies’ marketing of their mobile services in overseas faced with the decision of whether to standardize or to adapt their applications. By examining the experience of a domestic service, Pickat, this case study provides insight into global marketing in the mobile service field. Pickat(now Syrup Table and Pickat SG) was a hyper-local service launched by SK Planet in 2012. It was a location-based restaurant guide and commerce platform in which users could receive restaurant recommendations, download coupons, and book tables at their favorite restaurants. Pickat’s case once again shows the importance of UI/UX　localization and adaptations in other areas. It also shows how the idea of a global one-product service yields various problems, resulting in unexpected and extraneous costs. However, there are some cases of mobile service application firms are so small in size that it is difficult for them to handle failure. Thus, this research suggests creating a system that can collect and share overseas expansion cases per service and country. Also it shows an ecosystem which is cooperated with firms that have already successfully expanded overseas on the government level.

This paper comparatively analyzes the performance of QWL(Quality of Working life) programs in four industrial complexes. These programs include various investment projects implemented by the central and local governments and private companies as well. To analyze the QWL performance quantitatively, we develop the new industrial complex competitiveness index by adding the QWL index to the industrial complex activity index, and compare calculated indices between two periods, before and after the QWL programs. First, growth rates in the QWL indices and industrial complex activity indices after the QWL programs are implemented are found to be higher than those before the programs. These imply that the QWL programs can positively affect industrial complex activities. Next, the results show that the QWL programs can be positively associated with industrial complex indices, implying that the government QWL programs to enhance industrial complex competitiveness could be successful in part.

This paper analyzes how small and medium enterprises (SMEs)’ intellectual properties (IP) activities affect firms’ managerial performance including growth, productivity, and profitability. We measure firms’ IP activities using not only quantitative variables such as the amount of patents and IP assets but also qualitative measurement like technological influence of the registered patents. The findings show that firms’ IP activities help companies improve their performance. This results imply that intangible assets such as patents can play a crucial role to firms’ growth, productivity, and profitability, especially to SMEs who has limited amount of tangible assets.

We consider a problem of the selection and scheduling of movies for a multiplex (i.e., a theater with multiple screens) to maximize the exhibitor's cumulative revenue over a fixed planning horizon. Effective and timely decisions on screen management directly and crucially relate to the effective capacity and resources usage, productivity and successful economical performance of the theater. In the problem under study, the release times of the movies that can potentially be selected during the planning horizon are known a priori. If selected for screening, a movie must be played continuously through its obligatory duration, after which its run may or may not be extended. The problem involves two primary decisions: (i) the selection of movies to play and (ii) the determination of the duration of screening for the selected movies. We show that revenue optimization problem under the preempt-resume policy is strongly NP-hard even in the minimal case, thus completely resolving the complexity status of the problem. We also consider the optimization problem under the non-preempt policy for a case of unequal screen capacities and show that an optimal solution may significantly differ from the solution obtained for the equal-capacity case.