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We have an unchangeable task for church growth. This paper aimed to show that Christian education was the major factor of church growth, and to reveal that Christian education was indeed required for authentic church growth. Investigating early church growth, we acknowledged that the stress on didache was predominating in early church. Education in early church was regarded as an elementary factor of the believers' life in church, and it was profoundly linked with worship. The important activities of early church in Bible were based upon educational ministry. It reveals intimate relationship between church and education. If pastors hope that churches grow continuously, they have to work for believers’ spiritual maturity in each and every situation, and carry out their educational ministry so that believers will be reared well by the Word of God. We recognized that early church was education community as well as faith community. If pastors teach their congregations appropriately according to the word of God church will grow eventually.

Pastoral practice based on distorted understanding of spirituality causes a crisis in the current pastoral context. On this presupposition this study tries to examine that the proper understanding and practice of spirituality is the essence, goal and method of pastoral ministry. Spirituality as consciousness of human spirit has an empirical and subjective dimension and thus a possibility of danger of perversion and distortion by operation of various socio-cultural, historical situations. As the typical phenomena which dominate the current pastoral context in Korea, the individualistic paradigm of spirituality and humancentered programs of spiritual formation are to be suggested. Thus, for the recovery of authentic spirituality, communal spirituality based on trinitarian communality and the doctrine of mystical union with Christ should be emphasized. Pastoral ministry is the God’s own praxis which God himself carries out in us, through us in union with Christ. Spirituality as ‘life form in union with the Triune God’ is therefore not to be essentially separated from pastoral praxis. Because pastoral ministry is to mediate God’s presence and salvific activities through the Word by performing pastorate, this can only be possible through the spirituality of the pastor as total openness and reception to the work of the Holy Spirit. And in terms of the fact that it is the essence of being the church that every believer experiences and embodies the personhood and the form of existence of the triune God and reflects God’s glory to the world, the embodiment of trinitarian communal spirituality forms the content and goal of pastoral ministry. In this respect the proper understanding and practice of spirituality becomes the essence, goal and method of pastoral ministry. Today’s pastoral context should recover the trinitarian communal spirituality by spirituality confronting the current situations.

The purpose of this study was to find out the characteristics of juvenile sexual offenders as well as to suggest plans for those adolescences which have been neglected in terms of pastoral care. It is pathetic individually/socially that having teenagers are being either victims or sexual offenders. The researchers confirmed that sexual violence has been repeatedly committed by juveniles due to misusing juvenile law considered as social protection; therefore, they searched for pastoral care for prevention of sexual violence. Juvenile sexual offenders were from peer group culture. They have pressure of sexual conduct from epicureanism, mass media, and internet. Adolescences’ indiscriminate sexual conduct was due to frequent exposure of lewd media. A church ought to support pastoral care for adolescences in order to prevent sexual violence. Most of all Korean Christian churches have no enough strategies and/or method for prevention of juvenile sexual violence. Accordingly, a church should intervene for prevention positively. Preventive strategies is means of grace as Christian tradition. The means of grace means the Bible reading, worship service and praise, etc. Also, pastoral care includes TRUTH therapy as therapeutic method for juvenile sexual offenders. TRUTH therapy decrease somatic, psychological and spiritual agony by sexual violence. Also, when it comes to pastoral care for adolescences’ sexual problem, preventive education is important. Pastoral care for correction of adolescences’ wrong sexual conduct is based on the Bible. Considering juveniles as our future, we must put our every effort not to have them just live with the stigma of sexual offenders, but treat them with respect and love. Approaching those juveniles who conducted sexual violence with understanding and care is the way to come more closer to them individually. It is emphasized that active pastoral care Is necessary on this matter. This article proposed effective plans of pastoral care for preventing and correcting juvenile sexual violence conduct by examining factors and understanding those teenagers through multi-dimensional analysis.

Infant baptism seen through the biblical, theological approach on infant baptism is conducted based on the promise relationship between God and Abraham and is achieved of the promise accomplished in Jesus Christ and has relevance to baptism. Historically, to Karl Barth of the 20th century including Tertulian, reformed theologians and rebaptism party(anabaptist), ① opposition to infant baptism ② caution on infant baptism ③ the position that just as adult baptism is important, infant baptism is also legitimate and important could be found. Despite some opposition in terms of historical aspect, it could be found out that the legitimacy and importance on infant baptism were mostly emphasized. Focusing on books for faith education and written confessions of the Presbyterian Church, early literature of Korean Presbyterian Churches and books for standard ceremonies of the Presbyterian Church of Korea (Kosin), the legitimacy and importance, guidelines for implementation, even educational features were examined. By examining the perception of pastors on infant baptism targeting 8 presbyteries in the Gyeongnam area, theological, historical, biblical understanding on infant baptism implementation and how infant baptism is conducted in the pastoral field and whether to need to evaluate infant baptism newly were examined. Through literature review and perception of pastors, the following measures were presented about education plans and ceremony performance on infant baptism implementation. Through this study, the author wishes that this study can be the foundation toward the true path of churches, establishing churches more firmly and expects that now previous reinforcement will happen and right and uniform implementation of words and sacrament will happen also in the Presbyterian Church of Korea (Kosin) churches.

The purpose of this article is to discuss the justification and effectiveness of biographical preaching. The writer asserts that biographical preaching is one of tools to enrich the pulpit. The most important thing to remember in biographical preaching, however, is to perform the right preaching that conveys God’s will and intention reveled in the text and Bible characters. This is called ‘God-centered biographical preaching.’ The preacher should be aware not to fall into human-centered approach, moralizing, allegorical approach and typologizing. This article mainly deals with exegesis of text, application and sermon-form for ‘God-centered biographical preaching.’

This paper aimed to examine programs such as awana, wow-q-kids, and wingwing introduced by leaders based on recognition of the seriousness of a decline of children’s Sunday schools managed by Korean churches from the perspective of theology of worship, identify problems, and find measures to the identified problems. This paper aimed to explore solutions to problems arising from the introduction of such programs by presenting necessary elements of worships. Worships shall be God-oriented. Worships shall be able to reveal Heilsgeschichte of Jesus Christ. They shall be provided in the Holy Spirit. At the same time, worships shall be based on the Word of God and contain clear dedication and restore community aspects. Children shall be helped to actively and spontaneously take part in worships. When service music is applied and glorifies God, the worship can be genuine in terms of theology of worship. The paper suggests the following in the hope that the above-mentioned approaches can help children��3��ns Sunday schools in Korea to maintain the nature of services and help children to become good worshippers in terms of theology of worship. First, education and training for children��3��ns service providers shall be arranged and provided. Currently, the theological approaches applied by Korean churches are arranged only for older adults. As training and education of children��n��3s service providers is to prepare for future churches, the religious orders and related people from theological schools shall take proactive measures. Second, the introduction of a new program shall be theologically verified. Korean churches focus more on growth-oriented programs rather than on theological approaches and find it difficult to establish measures when problems arise. Third, the Bible education shall be strengthened. Based on the Old and New Testaments, leaders must remember the fact that individuals and states became stronger when education of the Word of God was strengthened but there was punishment of God in the event of the contrary cases.

In the protestant preaching, the importance of Eucharist should be reviewed. For to do, Christians must understand true meaning of Eucharist and practice it in their life. From this paper, we can understand true meaning of Eucharist as a gratitude which is full of joy, as a memory and a remembrance sacrifice Jesus Christ, as an existence of Jesus Christ, as unity between Christians and Jesus by relationship, as an accomplishment of promise, as a community festival. And the six meanings of Eucharist are reviewed through the views of Object Relations Theory and Spirituality Theology. The object relations theory does not regard human as biological beings who endlessly eager to get the satisfaction of sexual desire. It regards human as beings who eager to improve relationship originally. Christian spirituality eager to understand God’s mind and practice in their life through the experiencing relationship with objects. We seek higher, more meaningful, more valuable life through the new enlightenment of God’s love. If you realize true meaning of Eucharist, you can have a creativity in all relations as compassion. Therefore among object relations theory, Christian spirituality and meaning of Eucharist have a point of intersection. That is relationship. This ‘Nephes’ Hebrew word means spirit in English. Nephes means “live and wiggle center.” So the word spirit can’t simply justify a space which makes relationship with God. Moreover it indicate human as holistic, integrated beings. People seek relations among the Creator God, other people, a spiritual world and a nature. The room for eating together is a space which is sharing relationship. The purpose of this paper is analyzing the True meaning of Eucharist in relational point of view.

This study confirmed the crisis of middle-aged women was caused by physical, socio-cultural, psychological-family therapeutic factors and it was not properly solved. For the solution of the crisis, this study attempted to understand middle-aged women’s crisis and Christian counseling. It was confirmed middle-aged women’s crisis came from senility and the menopause in physical dimension, and double burden of family conflict and working in the mid of traditional and western values in socio-cultural dimension. Also, it was ascertained that the crisis came from sense of developmental crisis in psychological dimension and usual stress and psychological stagnation by husband, children and her aged parents, in family therapeutic dimension. And this study proposed three methods of Christian counseling for solution of the crisis of middle-aged women. Firstly, the solution of the crisis through self-confession makes middle-aged women feel psychological abreact by self-exposure. Secondly, the analysis of cause and the cognitive reconstruction makes middle-aged women recover the problem of family conflict by forgiveness, Thirdly, the positive cognition of future and the establishment of hope makes middle-aged women have strength to overcome crisis when having futuristic hope in situation of crisis. It is prospected that the physical, socio-cultural, psychological-family therapeutic analysis about cause of the crisis of middle-aged women and Christian counseling methods based on the analysis will be effective for solution of the crisis of middle-aged women.