Earticle

Metaphors in economic discourse have drawn little attention from domestic translation studies. This study aims to identify differences of metaphors used in economic editorials of Korean and overseas newspapers, and then to analyze how metaphorical expressions are translated from Korean to English. In economic editorials released in 2016 by Korean newspapers (Joongang Ilbo and Donga Ilbo) and US newspapers (New York Times and Washington Post), five metaphors (war, water, illness, organism, and mechanics) were selected for analysis. The analysis results showed subtle differences in preferred metaphorical expressions between the newspapers. Of note, Korean editorials used a large number of metaphors in a negative frame, and metaphor translation strategies were significantly different in the two Korean newspapers. While metaphorical expressions in Donga Ilbo were mostly translated into the same metaphor or changed into non-metaphorical expressions, more diverse strategies were shown in Joongang Ilbo. Additional studies are needed to better understand the analysis results.

This study aims to identify transitivity shifts depending on various characterizations in Chinese-Korean fiction translations. LaoShe’s『LuoTuoXiangZi』and its two Korean translations were used for the analysis. Three parts of 『LuoTuoXiangZi』were analyzed based on Halliday’s transitivity system. The analysis found that each section had different transitivity shifts and some ST processes in the two translations presented different transitivity choices. In the beginning narrating the life of Xiangzi (the protagonist) that seemed full of hope, the verbs were translated in a manner of strengthening the dynamics. Material processes were added or other less active processes were switched into material processes. In the middle where a police secret agent extorted savings from Xiangzi, mental processes were added in the translation, emphasizing the mental state of the protagonist. In the last part where all Xiangzi’s dreams were shattered, material processes were switched into relational processes in the translation, emphasizing Xiangzi’s passivity and vulnerability.

At the dawn of the 4th industrial revolution, it is noticed that human skills such as social intelligence, creative intelligence, and perception and manipulation are increasingly needed to accommodate rapid changes triggered by technological advancement, and these skills make it difficult to automate and computerize tasks that have been traditionally handled by humans. Jobs that require these so-called ‘engineering bottleneck’ skills will not be easily replaced by machines. For literary translation, perception and interpretive competence, decision-making based on interpretation, creative representation, and attention to readers’ response are required, and these abilities are definitely in line with the skills needed in the new era. This paper has analyzed, categorized, and compared the abilities for literary translation and the human skills that will be more needed in this new era. The analysis has led us to the conclusion that literary translation would not be computerized in no time, but some newly emerging issues should be discussed and tackled. As machines develop faster than projected, some part of literary translation, which would still be performed by humans, will be computerized for cost and efficiency. In this case, how far computers would handle the translation and how much responsibility they would take should be specifically discussed, systematically structured, and explicitly documented.

This action research analyzes pedagogical effects of self-assessment in interpreter training, particularly for novice learners. Nine graduate students were assigned to over three weeks of self-assessment of their Korean-French consecutive interpreting performances and requested to find solutions for the problems identified through their self-assessment. They also expressed their opinions of pros and cons. The analyzed data show that self-assessment is a very effective pedagogical and self-directed learning tool for novice learners in the fact that once they get accustomed to peer assessment, the process will help them, as a next step, to diagnose their performances and to establish a detailed plan to overcome their weaknesses. At the same time, one of the main findings of this research is that the self-assessment can be a meaningful support tool for the trainer. Becoming capable of assessing one’s own interpreting performance, the trainees started to take the initiative in their learning process and thus practiced by themselves even when the trainer was not able to listen to every trainee's performance and assess it due to restricted class hours.

This paper discusses theoretical and practical aspects of feminist translation in South Korea by analyzing how an internationally acclaimed feminist book was translated into Korean. The texts under study are The Vagina Monologues (2007/10th Anniversary Edition), an episodic play written by Eve Ensler, and Pŏjainŏ Monollogŭ, a Korean translation by a feminist writer-cum-translator with an educational background in women’s studies. A comparative analysis of the two texts shows that the translator effectively conveys feminist messages, using traditional translation strategies (e.g. substitution, addition, borrowing, compensation), but in some instances she does not adequately communicate women’s experiences to the target readers. The findings suggest that translating a feminist book is and should be an act of activism, and that in a conservative culture like Korea, there should be a more intervenient role for feminist translators.

This paper mainly explores the translator aspect of original and licensed musical translation: who translate musicals, what their status, especially visibility, is, what process they take to do the translation and what they think are important when translating. To answer these questions, the researcher interviewed a well-known musical translator, a musical-actor-turned professor in the musical department at a university and staff in the musical industry, in addition to using the existing research and news articles. This study reveals that multiple entities – translator, music director, actors/actresses, and general staff- participate in the translation process and, thus, the translator’s visibility is low although an increase in the visibility has been witnessed recently. Musical translations go through continued revisions and modifications. With respect to surtitle translation, the translator uses a variety of emoticons, images, and font styles and sizes to best deliver the intentions of the author and the director in various theatre environments. In regards to licensed musical translation, different translators use different translation strategies. They sometimes even differentiate the translations of dialogues and lyrics depending on the features of individual actors. This study is meaningful in that it has expanded the research scope from licensed musical translation to original musical translation and from translation products to translation producers.

The aim of this study is to analyze the main issues involved in the translation of Korean Musicals into English. The technique of musical translation focused in this study is surtitling. Surtitles are translated lyrics and dialogue displayed on screens. The surtitles are usually projected above the stage or placed on each side of the stage. The examples used in this study are from the English translation of the Korean musical, The Last Empress. The first part of the study deals with theoretical aspects of musical translation. A general overview of the concept of fidelity and readability in musical translation is presented. Fidelity in musical translation means that the specific narrative context of the story should be transferred to the audience. Readability in musical translation supposes that the surtitles placed on each side of the stage should be easily understood by the audience. Next, the concept of singability is explored in the aspect of musical translation. According to Franzon (2008), verbal and musical fidelity should be the aim of translating song lyrics. Franzon also notes that every translation achieves a different level of fidelity depending on the purpose of the translation. The study focuses on the particular problems and difficulties encountered in translating musicals into English by presenting several source text and target text examples.

This study presents an analysis of coherence in interpreting output using rhetorical structure theory(RST). An English speech (ST) was interpreted into Korean by ten interpreting students, which were then transcribed for RST analysis. Each text was segmented into elementary discourse units, and relations were assigned to text spans based on the four fields of RST relation definitions. RST annotation tools were employed to create RST trees for each text analyzed. Three features of RST trees were selected and used in describing coherence in interpreting outputs. First, the depth of RST trees of TTs were observed. As the depth of each RST tree indicated the degree of hierarchical organization of ideas, a TT with a deeper tree was deemed to represent more advanced interpreting skills. Second, occurrence of a non-sequitur was discovered in a TT and its impact on the overall texture was explained by using the RST tree which starkly visualized non-sequiturs as unconnected root nodes. Finally, RST relations contained in the ST were compared with those in TTs in order to describe interpreting accuracy on the level of coherence. Comparison of top-level schemas in the ST and the TTs provided a simple and clear way of identifying coherence shifts between the original and the interpreting outputs.

This article attempts to examine and analyze pedagogical teaching model for undergraduate Chinese-Korean translation classrooms. Many analyses show that undergraduate students revealed two types of code switching in their translations: a word-for-word literal translation and a sentence-for-sentence literal translation. These students have difficulties to understand that words have to be re-expressed in various meanings depending on the context. This study will apply a sequential model of translation at a basic and practical level to the teaching process, and present it to the students at an early stage of training in undergraduate translation classes. It will help build a guiding framework throughout the translation course whenever translation errors and transcoded translations found, and will help eliminate the habits of code switching that often appear in the translations of undergraduate students.

Les besoins croissants en traduction juridique qui se manifestent depuis plusieurs dizaines d'annees en Coree du Sud exigent la mise en place d'etudes specialisees au sein des etablissements d'enseignement superieur afin de former des professionnels de haut niveau dans ce domaine. En raison des specificites qui en font une discipline a part entiere et de l'importance que revet celle-ci par ses incidences concretes, le present article s’interesse aux cursus encore trop rares qui lui sont consacres dans le systeme educatif coreen, en prenant pour exemple celui que propose la GSIT (Graduate School of Interpretation and Translation) au sein de l’Universite Hankuk des etudes etrangeres. Il se centre sur l'enseignement qui y est dispense dans la combinaison linguistique coreen-francais, en etablissant un parallele avec les deux grands etablissements europeens correspondants que sont l’ESIT (Ecole superieure d'interpretes et de traducteurs) et la FTI (Faculte d'interpretation et de traduction), sachant que ceux-ci sont riches d'une experience et d'un savoir-faire pedagogique plus importants. Apres avoir recherche les criteres qui definissent un texte juridique, l'auteur furmule un point de vue et des propositions d'amelioration quant a la formation des professeurs, aux programmes de cours et aux methodologies necessaires pour atteindre les objectifs de cette formation.