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This study seeks to examine explicitation translation strategies in Keum Suk Gendry-Kim’s graphic novel Grass translated by Janet Hong, drawing on the notion of experiential, interpersonal and textual metafunctions in systemic functional linguistics. The analysis results demonstrate 1) in the experiential metafunction, the situation faced by ‘comfort women’ rendered more explicitly with more details, with related information added in the gutter, 2) in the interpersonal metafunction, emotions and opinions of victims elaborated more clearly and convincingly, and 3) in the textual metafunction, images and texts more closely connected based on onomatopoeia relocated into the next panel or added in the speech bubble given the interplay between verbal and visual elements and some information deleted to give more focus on the image. By shedding light on the examples of explicitation translation strategies illustrated in a graphic novel based on the notion of three metafunctions, this study draws attention to explicitation as a strategic choice to help readers in other cultures fully appreciate the literary work, pointing to the need for further delving into the contribution of explicitation to meaning-making in a wider range of genres.

This study analyzes the function and meaning of hearsay evidential markers appearing in students’ interpretations in Spanish- Korean consecutive interpretation class. Evidentiality deals with the source the speaker has for his statement, whether he heard it, saw it or, inferred it from indirect evidence, that is, expresses the means by which the speaker acquired the information he is conveying; it reflects an evaluation of the source of evidence. In Korean, evidentiality can be expressed by various grammatical markers. This paper focuses on the latter, in particular, on the sequence ‘-ㄴ다는 것입니다’, which appears unnecessarily in students’ interpretations. To this end, this study examines the general concept and types of evidentiality, and, in particular, examines the characteristics of the hearsay (or reported) evidential markers in Korean. And then analyzes in which situations the students use these sequences and what this use means in their interpretations.

This study, noting the possible differences that may exist in learners’ and professors’ perceptions in the course of learning interpretation, has explored the reasons as to why learners find it difficult to process predicate information of the source text during the reformulation stage of Korean-French simultaneous interpretation and the strategies and their effects in addressing the said reasons from the learners’ perspectives. To this end, a Participatory Action Research (PAR) with 8 learners joining throughout the entire process of the study from design to execution was performed. As a result, the study found three reasons as to why learners find it difficult to process predicate information of the ST when forming sentences in French. Moreover, learners in the study suggested themselves different strategies useful for overcoming the said problems, repeated the cycle of planning-acting-observing-reflecting, and ultimately identified 7 strategies. This study stresses the need to expand a participatory action research, ensuring participation, cooperation, and non-hierarchy, to T&I education as well.

The Literature Translation Institute of Korea (LTI Korea) was established in 2001 with the aim of globalizing Korean literature. As the efforts undertaken by the institute over the last two decades have begun to come to the fore, the awareness of and demand for Korean literature have been increasing in the global publishing market. Moreover, Korean writers have won prestigious literary awards worldwide, while modern, contemporary, and classical works of Korean literature have been published in many languages. Based on a thorough analysis of the LTI Korea Annual Reports between 2001 and 2019, this paper examines LTI Korea’s four major achievements: Translation Grant Program, Publication Grants for Foreign Publishers, Fostering Professional Translators of Korean Literature, and Information Management of Korean Literature. This article discusses the programs that LTI Korea has planned, operated, and improved in each area to select excellent Korean literary works, produce quality translations, and introduce them across the world. It also explores the challenges facing LTI Korea today and proposes future direction for the institute.

The Korean-Japanese language pair is known to have relatively high machine translation accuracy compared to other language combinations, but research on actual case studies as to the efficiency of Korean-Japanese machine translation post-editing (MTPE) has been limited. This study investigated the acceptance attitude of translators through a Korean-Japanese MTPE experiment. The subjects of the experiment were translators who had graduated from graduate schools of translation and interpretation and were without MTPE experience, who were asked to perform MTPE using Google Translate and Naver Papago as well as human translation (HT), to compare progress, performance and response to guidelines provided or not provided. The result showed differences in progress between HT and MTPE as well as differences between Google and Naver platforms, while the productivity of HT was in part associated with that of MTPE depending on individual translators. The participants agreed on the need for guidelines, but they were less sure about the scope of post-editing. After each experiment, they said MTPE would be increasingly practiced in the future, giving rise to the need for relevant translator training. However, they also said they preferred HT, indicating a passive attitude in accepting MTPE.

This paper begins with the question. Is it possible that a machine can understand and evaluate the meaning of a text? Word2Vec is a neural network method of computing vector representations of words, which means the tool processes a text corpus and produces numeric vectors on the meanings of the words. This paper seeks to examine whether the automatic evaluation metrics, BLEUmodif and METEORmodif, enhanced by word2vec technology, are able to capture the meaning of translated texts better than their standard versions. To this end, first, five literary texts written in English were translated into Korean by 119 students. Then, these translations were evaluated by two professional translators/teachers and by five different automatic evaluation programs. These are standard versions of BLEU and METEOR as well as BLEUmodif and METEORmodif with the word2vec technology and finally Sent2Vec that computes sentence vector representations. For the sake of convenience, the last three systems are referred to as “embedding versions” in this study. The analysis shows that overall, the standard version of METEOR performed the best (grades: 0.838, ranking: 0.727), but at the level of individual texts, the embedding versions of BLEU and METEOR showed a higher correlation with human evaluation (four texts) than their standard versions (one text).

This case study was motivated by a news article that, from the author's point of view, asserted an ill-founded argumentation concerning the usage of words, 'cornerstone' and 'linchpin'. This paper first presents the theoretical framework that functions as an overriding premise in the author's argumentation, which is the concept of intertextuality, with an emphasis on its importance in conducting the task of translators and interpreters (Neubert & Shreve 1992: 117). Based on the concept, it briefly shows the intertwined relationship between US political communication and Christian language whose main source is the Bible, resorting a press (Wall Street Journal) analysis on the frequency of Bible references in inaugural addresses through the US presidential history. In the body of the study, it lays out its argumentation in a form of hypothesis, "Under the stated conditions, what would the text producer on the question, Donald Trump, choose to utter between 'cornerstone' and 'linchpin'?" To verify the hypothesis, the author presented evidences that the questioned text producer has likely formed a reservoir of Christian language and has uttered seemingly-Bible-induced expressions in his remarks. Lastly, the study compares 'cornerstone' and 'linchpin' in terms of the proximity toward Christian language by browsing them in the Bible.