Earticle

This paper aims to classify diverse aspects of retranslation and examine its motives and causes. To this end, this study analyzes Pearl Buck’s The Good Earth and 19 Korean translations. In general, a number of factors trigger retranslation: changes in the society, culture, language, copyright, censorship, and so forth. Some oppose to retranslation on grounds that translations which are temporally close to the original work better reflect the language and spirit of the source text. In most cases, however, the need for retranslation increases with the lapse of time, as most target text readers face difficulty in filling the temporal gap. Due to such reasons, retranslation is naturally carried out in almost every country. In Korea, western literary works were translated and retranslated into Korean with exceptional frequency not only because of such general causes and motives: retranslation in Korea is primarily attributable to the changes in the Korean Language Regulations and to the movement towards using pure Korean words after a long-standing tradition of using Chinese characters and Sino-Korean words. Of course, general agents of retranslation, such as changes in word preference and book size also gave rise to retranslation. The author hopes this research will contribute to the debates on retranslation and trigger the retranslation of existing works.

This paper explores a situated, task-based business translation teaching method based on the social constructivist approach which puts emphasis on the social interactions in learning. Rapid advancement in Information and Technology(IT) brought about an era of globalization where companies do business with customers against the competitors not only from their own country but also from the opposite end of the globe. English, in this global trend, has emerged as a kind of a lingua franca in the business sphere, boosting a demand for translation of ‘business discourse' which refers to talks and words that are used for the purpose of business activities. To meet the demand of the market and help translation students get acculturated with business discourse which is goal-oriented, situated, and conventionalized, some researchers suggest the social constructivist approach and a task-based teaching. In line with the communicative and interactive teaching method, this study looks into and suggests a business translation teaching method involving a user in the translation process.

Criticized the traditional ideology that the culture flows from high level country to the low levels, this study has a purpose to explicate the Hallyu phenomenon by Haken's Synergetics. As an emergent behavior in complex system, Hallyu is the synergy effects of Korean culture contents, especially broadcasting including animation, drama, K-pop, film, on-line game etc. which have had its own evolution in history. After the pre-historic age of Hallyu(1987-1999), conceptualized little, a certain chaos' period. the mainstream of Hallyu changed by 1995 from animation to drama. Revealed its contours of movement from the edge of chaos. its movement has advanced and made a birth of linguistic code 'Hallyu' passing through a critical point, syndrome of drama <사랑이 뭐길래>(MBC) in 1997. The word 'Hallyu' made birth its own historic period being conceptualized as a complex system. The process of Hallyu development, being called a self-organization process of Hallyu, shows a self-similarity, fractal model of Complex System in [Figure 4] "Longitudinal Evolution Structure Model of Hallyu" and [Figure 5] "Horizontal Evolution Structure Model of Hallyu". Korean drama meme in Figure 2 and Hallyu meme concern with the former in Figure 3 are also shows a self-similarity and a fractal model of complex system. The causal loop, made by 3 elements of system element, control parameter, and order parameter of Synergetics proves the self- organization process of Hallyu, too. The systemic element of Hallyu -phenomenon of Korean drama market- is in present leading the priorities for Korean drama in Asia which stands for order parameter through non-linear interaction with control parameter, which is phenomenal element of foreign market. Like this, Hallyu phenomenon becomes a unique culture phenomenon in complex system made of casual loop of synergetic elements. Hallyu is not a cultural flow but an emergent behavior, cultural reverse phenomenon.

The present study aims to suggest effective song translation strategies in consideration of singability. In particular, it focuses on songs whose lyrics have unfavorable factors for source text-oriented translation, and argues for different translation strategies according to ST features. To this end this study takes a two-phase approach. In the first phase some factors in the lyrics are identified that act as unfavorable conditions for ST-oriented translation. After such identification, two songs that are deemed to include these factors are selected and then translated by students in class. The student discussions that followed the translation indicated that the factors identified by the authors were also shared by the students.Then the authors selected and translated two songs into different modes-one ST­oriented version and the other music­oriented―and surveyed students in the College of English in order to find their preference. The results showed that music-oriented translation is necessary for the translation of songs which have unfavorable conditions for ST-oriented translations.

The purpose of this paper is to enhance understanding of the nature of large-scale translation projects and their systematic management. In a large-scale translation project involving multiple translators and revisers, project management needs to be systematic so as to produce a consistent and satisfactory translation output. Given the lack of findings on the processes and problems of managing translation projects, this paper aims to propose some practical ideas on the issue based on a translation project carried out by the alumni of the Korean-German department of the Graduate School of Interpretation and Translation (GSIT), Hankuk University of Foreign Studies (HUFS) in 2011. For practical reasons, the identified problems are laid out in three categories: ‘management of translators’, ‘standardizing terms and formats’, ‘quality control’.

Simultaneous interpretation (SI) is a 'time-saving' mode of interpretation. Viewed from interpreter's perspective, however, simultaneous interpretation is a complex undertaking where listening, speaking and memorizing should take place simultaneously under strict time constraints. In case of a language combination in which Language Typology are markedly different, interpreters work under considerable pressure of having to memorize larger amount of source text information, and process more information accordingly. Pressure is particularly high when simultaneously interpreting between languages that are structurally different in terms of word order-SOV vs. SVO- or information sequencing structure such as location of adnominal phrases and key words. To cope with these difficulties, the author of this paper suggests that anticipation method under the principle of syntactic linearity play more prominent role. The author then moves on to differentiate 'topic anticipation' and 'language anticipation,' classify cues which can trigger anticipation in the process of SI, and see if the cues can be employed by analyzing actual speech scripts.

Ever since Sienkiewicz’s Quo-Vadis (1896) was translated into Korean from Japanese in 1916, a total of 205 pieces of Polish literature have been published in Korea for the past 98 years. Until the late nineteen- eighties, all Polish literature, which was published in Korea, was re-translated from English or Japanese. The direct Korean translation from the original Polish text was first published in 1987, when the Department of Polish Studies was established in Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, and also Polish literature was developed into an independent field of study. In the two thousands, more various genres was translated more professional translations were made with remarkable achievements in children’s picture books. This study discussed the introduction of Polish literature in Koreain diachronic order, which has a relatively long history among the literature of minor languages in the Korean translation field. Also, the history of translation of Polish literature was divided into four eras to discuss the translations, the social background of the literature selection, and the problems of each era in the context of history, society, and culture. Based on this discussion, the needs of translation of minor language literature and motivation measures were suggested.