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This paper casts a glance at the history of military interpreting and the progress of military interpreting education in Korea. Until recently, military interpreting was not stematically taught in terms of content and interpreting skills. Commissioned interpreting officers had to acquire knowledge and interpreting skills through unstructured on-the-job-training, which added more difficulty to their tasks. The Korea Defense Language Institute was established in 2012 to suit the needs of military interpreters who needed more systematic education and training. For military interpreting, several types of interpreters have been deployed, including professional, inhouse, and ad-hoc interpreters. Given the nature and characteristics of military interpreting, it turned out that inhouse-type interpreter would be most suitable and desirable. The Korean expatriates who join the Korean Air Force from abroad, for example, to complete their compulsory military service have proved that inhouse interpreting is quite viable. However, their short term of required service does not allow them to provide quality interpreting long enough in the army. On the other hand, career officers do not want to serve as interpreter for long in consideration of their career management. In this regard, the warrant officer system for interpreting and translation has recently been introduced for stable and long- term deployment of military interpreters and translators. It seems to be a laudable movement for more efficient and better quality interpreting and translation in the military. In order for the newly-established system to take root and pay off, some parts in education process need to be complemented to improve the current situation and enhance the level of Korea's military language services.

The modern translation studies have been transformed from the word-clause level to the textuality, equivalence, and skopos and so on. The analysis based on Chinese websites in Korea found that there were so many syntax errors in translation. Moreover, few people(nobody) analyzed the translation mistakes such as Noun phrase, Sentence with no subject, Principal and subordinate clause (主从 句) and Meaning units. There are many sentences made of NPs or attributive structures with a complex modifier, and some sentences with no subject, which are influences of negative transfer of Koreanlanguage. Furthermore, errors are popular in translating two Korean meaning units into two Chinese sentences separately, such as “为向所有患 者提供最佳的诊疗经验與诊疗结果，我们将不懈地努力”In view of the above questions, the paper proposes four translation strategies: sentence-structure transformation, ellipsis, adjunction, substitution. From the perspective of translation education, the paper analyzes the related Korea-Chinese translation courses of Graduate School of Interpretation & Translation in Hankuk University of Foreign Studies and finds that no course is educated directing against the above four kinds of errors.

영화와 드라마만이 아닌 미디어 매체를 통한 미디어 자막번역이 한·중 간에 날로 빈번해짐에 따라, 전문 번역가를 통한 자막번역 보다는 비전문가에 의한 번역이 시장을 메우고 있다. 이렇게 양산된 번역은 관중이 자막을 통해 이해하는 내용과 원천 텍스트 사이에 많은 차이점을 드러낸다. 본 논문은 한·중간의 자막번역에 초점을 맞추어 자막번역에 대한 기본적인 특징과 그에 따른 번역전략, 즉 축역, 증역, 자국화, 개역 등을 소개하고, 통번역대학원에 개설된 미디어 번역 수업에 대한 의견을 피력하였다. 특히 한·중간 번역자료 분석을 통해 한·중간 자막 번역에서 어려운 점과 주의사항을 분석하여 향후 미디어 번역 수업에 많은 시사점을 제공하고자 한다.

Subtitle translation between the Korean and the Chinese language is growing not only for movies and dramas but also for other media. Most of the translation demands are met by non-professional translators. Translation produced by this process creates a gap between the source text and the audience understanding of it. Focusing on the Korean and Chinese language pair, this paper introduces the characteristics of subtitle translation and some of the most common translation strategies adopted, such as abridged translation, extended translation, domestication, or revised translation, and offers a view on media translation class that has been introduced to the curriculum of the graduate school of interpretation and translation. In particular, this paper analyzes the actual translation contents between the Korean and Chinese to figure out key challenges and points to consider and to provide insights into the media translation class.

Quotations in news reports are used as a device to build credibility and objectivity but can also be manipulated by news producers for their own purposes. The paper aims to discover if and how quotation as a form of translation can be manipulated in transedited news and to explore its implications for translation studies. It sets out to discuss different types of quotation and its dialogic nature. Special attention is paid to the use of quotations and voices as a part of audience design and how it helps transeditors position themselves in negotiating the interpersonal as well as ideational meanings with the target readers. For the purpose of the study, an analysis was conducted on 12 New York Times articles (ST) on the tragic sinking of the Korean ferry Sewol and their 61 Korean transedited versions (TT) with reference to the types of quotation used and the utilization of reporting verbs. The analysis reveals that the transeditors often make use of various types of quotations and engagement resources to position themselves with regard to potentially sensitive information so that the quotations can better serve their ideological agenda.

The objective of translation and interpreting education is to equip students with the practical knowledge and skills needed in the translation and interpreting markets. To achieve this, students are given practical training in accurately understanding the source language and adequately rendering its meaning in the target language. The texts used in these trainings should appropriately serve the purpose of interpreting education, and speech transcripts are widely preferred and used. Here, the current study aims to investigate the areas of training that speech transcripts can be the most and the least pragmatic in. Among the known lexical factors that impose difficulties to interpreting, six were identified for the purpose of our study: metaphors, idioms, native expressions, proper nouns, numbers and technical terms. The analysis of the appearance frequency of each factors showed that proper nouns appeared the most and idioms the least in speech transcripts. This suggests that while speech transcripts can be a suitable source text when giving training in rendering proper nouns to target language, they are less appropriate for idioms-to-target-language training. Implications of the findings are further discussed.

Current medical treatment has taken a paradigm shift from treatment-focused to prevention-focused health care. Meanwhile, health care industry has expanded its focus from public sector to industrial sector, establishing medical interpreter as a new promising profession. Medical interpreters are mainly required to improve communications between foreign patients and domestic medical staff, by comprehending medical term and professional knowledge and medical culture. In addition, they are responsible for ensuring effective communications between doctors and patients so as to offer favorable medical services for foreign patients. In other words, medical interpreters play a critical role in determining the quality of medical services. Some of suggestions for medical interpreter training are as follows; first of all, it would be reasonable to introduce national certification for medical interpreters, which are currently under discussion. Given that medical interpretation requires professional skills and makes a significant impact on the life of patients, the introduction of national certification is advisable. Furthermore, employment and working conditions of medical interpreters should be improved. Secondly, international treatment system must be implemented. Development of specialized system for international treatment which provides one- stop service for foreign patients throughout the medical process would promote employment of professional medical interpreters. Lastly, education for ethics needs to be reinforced. Medical interpretation field puts heavy emphasis on the protection of anonymity and privacy for patients. Thus, medical interpreters must receive appropriate ethics education aimed at maintaining confidentiality of patients’ identity or health records.

Interpretation is “the oldest job of human beings.” However, the interpretation studies have been relatively a few compared to translation studies. And the study on interpreters is also very limited in comparison to that on translators. On the other hand, todayinterpreters are acknowledged as one of “the best job” for women. Nevertheless, there were the times when female interpreters were regarded as a spy, a potential betrayer of secrets, and a traitor against the nation. Accordingly, this research focused on the role and identity of female interpreters in the colonies. More specifically, La Malinche, the interpreter during the conquest of Aztec Empire in 1500s and Bae Jeong-ja, who worked as an interpreter during the early colonization of Chosun Dynasty by Japan in 1900s, were reassessed from the historiographic point of view.

The paper aims to survey the mistakes that the Korean students at the department of Korean-Arabic, GSIT. The students do not find problem when they read Korean text, but they are used to face kinds of difficulties in translating into Arabic, the target language. According to Arab tradition translation is regarded as a compound of science and art. Between these two elements the Arabs give emphasis to the translation as art because it may allow the translator wider room and more discretion to accomplish what he intends to convey. The paper gathers wide range of mistakes that the students make and assorts, describes and tries to find the causes of the errors. The nature of the mistakes was diverse, and a few translated sentences included combined mistakes. The students can revise misspelt words and simple grammatical mistakes by themselves with the help of various dictionaries. They often select grammatically correct but not suitable words in view of the overall discourse. Their repeated use of similar expressions has to be pointed out. The important topics of the paper are about contextual, historic and cultural mistakes. The faithfulness and readability are every translator’s liability. The paper concludes that the students should lay stress on studying contextual and cultural dimension in translation.

According to Bakhtin‘s dialogicality, linguistic expressions and speeches are comprised of various voices. When a certain speaker/writer uses speeches/writings of others to express one’s own thoughts or opinions, the process of “voicing” takes place. Similarly, newspapers and media companies may release translated speeches in the form of direct quotations as a means to voice their opinions. This study examines the translated discourses of Russia’s president Vladimir Putin from the Bakhtin’s dialogicality perspective to investigate how Korean media uses direct quotation as a means of voicing. Through the analysis, this paper also seeks to bring new insights to how Korean media views Russia. Trans-edited articles used in the study were retrieved with the keyword “Putin” from the KINDS database at www.kinds.or.kr. A total of 66 trans-edited articles with direct quotations from president Putin and six source texts, from which the direct quotations were cited, were analyzed upon the following categories: subject in the direct quotation; content of the direct quotation; and the predicate verb in the direct quotation. Although retrieved articles were of news analysis and straight news genres, in which the writer’s opinion is not reflected, this study found that newspaper and media companies frequently used direct quotations as a means of voicing to represent ideological preferences or to express negative opinions of certain subject matters.