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This paper reports on action research aimed at developing an undergraduate-level interpretation course. The paper begins with a discussion on undergraduate-level translation education goals. A community interpreting course was designed and implemented at an undergraduate-level Korean-Chinse interpreting curriculum. Course evaluation is based on feedback from 33 undergraduate students. In the evaluation, the students responded that they were able to recognize the cultural, social, and political aspects of an interpreter-mediated situation, but in some cases, they did not fully understand these socio-cultural aspects. Additionally, they did not consider legal interpreting as a potential career after graduation. Students also responded that practicing interpretation skills was the most useful aspect of the course, and that field trips and an introduction to the professional world of interpretation were necessary elements. Based on these findings, the paper discusses suggestions for the development and planning of an undergraduate-level interpreting curriculum.

Generally, translations have been evaluated in terms of faithfulness and readability. This paper suggests that relevance (defined and used in relevance theory), which is determined by cognitive effects and processing effort, be used as a criterion for evaluating literary translations. It reviews three Korean translations of the short novel Cat in the Rain written in English by Ernest Hemingway, in terms of cognitive effects and processing effort. It focuses on the translations of third language (i.e. Italian) expressions, referring expressions, free indirect speech, and other elements such as vocabulary and phrases. Those translations sometimes tried to convey the same cognitive effects that the original writer wanted to produce, while at other times they tried to save the processing effort that the readers need to make. Finally, the paper concludes that optimal relevance can explain the differences between the three translations.

Watching image alone will not allow the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHoH) viewers to fully understand audiovisual texts. Deciding what is relevant (relevance) and which redundancy should be delivered (intersemiotic redundancy) and ultimately offering adequate contextual effects (adequacy) in SDH is a difficult task. This study aims to examine the relevance, intersemiotic redundancy and adequacy of Korean and English SDH in episode 4 of Pachinko (2022). The study shows that Korean SDH delivers more factual information such as paralinguistic elements and speaker identification, while English SDH focuses on offering narrative functions of music. The results imply that it is desirable to deliver relevant and adequate information while keeping the DHoH viewers away from unnecessary processing efforts.

Stanislavsky's Complete Works of 8 Volumes are 'actors’ bible' in which Stanislavski's acting method is fully explained. However, the acting book series widely known in Korea as Stanislavski's collections are based on double translation of the English, Japanese, and French translations of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th volumes of the Russian collection. The problem is that these double translations have a lot of mistranslation, distortion, and deletion compared to the Russian original, which is an obstacle to properly understanding the Stanislavsky acting system. Therefore, this study aims to compare and analyze the Russian original, English translation, and Korean double translations of the English translations, focusing on the 2nd volume, to determine which translation errors from double translation are included in the Korean version and to examine what kind of misunderstanding these translation errors can lead to in understanding the Stanislavsky system.

The most recent language model in NLP, known as BERT, has numerous advantages over other language models. It ‘understands’ human language in a subword unit and can recognize rare words and out-of-vocabulary words. Furthermore, it considers syntax and context during the text-understanding process. We applied the evaluation metric “BERTscore” using this BERT model to evaluate human translation (HT). 120 translated texts were evaluated with five evaluation metrics: BLEU, METEOR, emBLEU, emMETEOR, as well as BERTscore and the result was compared with professional translators’ evaluation. The comparison examines the validity and reliability of these metrics, particularly the BERTscore, for future application for HT evaluation. BERTscore demonstrated a stable performance, taking first place in scores, and third in ranks. The validity of metrics of word2vec models, especially that of emBLEU, was somewhat disappointing, probably owing to the domain difference between the training corpus and test corpus.

In this article, we discuss some facets of the translator’s self-revision of their translation. We compare Bruce and Ju-Chan Fulton’s 1982 translation of Hwang Sŏgyŏng’s “Twaeji kkum” (A Dream of Good Fortune) with their 1993/2007 revision thereof to articulate what aspects of their revision could inform our understanding of literary translation. Our findings show that the translators improved their own translation in seven categories. They (1) normalized slang words and colloquial forms of language to make dialog sound natural, (2) made cultural subtext clearer to the reader, (3) particularized culture-bound terms to clarify contextual meanings, (4) changed punctuation marks to express subtle nuances of meaning, (5) inserted a sentence-level cue to maintain conversational flow, (6) adjusted the opening of conversation, and (7) enriched the poetic qualities of an inserted poem. Drawing on these findings, we briefly discuss the wider significance of Bruce and Ju-Chan Fulton’s revision.

The present study compares two Korean subtitle versions of the movie Truman Show, placing a special emphasis on the concept of cohesion between acoustically presented verbal signs and visually presented verbal and non-verbal signs in screen translation. One of the two versions is a Korean subtitle available on DVD, Blueray, and other online video streaming services; the other one is subtitle produced by and used only for Korea Educational Broadcasting System, or EBS. Generally, EBS versions of Korean subtitles are well known among movie fans in Korea as providing a relatively faithful rendering of films’ dialogues. Overall, unlike the DVD version, the EBS version seems to have been translated in a way that enables the viewers to connect what they read to visually conveyed information thanks to the intersemiotic cohesion established between two codes, i.e. sound and image. Needless to say, this intersemiotic cohesion contributes to the coherence of the text as a whole.

This study was conducted based on the consecutive interpretations of graduate students of Interpretation and Translation. The purpose of the corpus-based study was to observe the use of conjunctions. Conjunctions are important to accurately grasp the context of a speaker. Interpretation patterns of students were analyzed focusing on connection mechanisms. The first analysis demonstrated that more connection mechanisms were used in students' interpretation than in non-interpreted speeches. The students used a large number of conjunctions to convey what the speaker was trying to say. The second analysis results showed that there was no correlation between Korean and Chinese students’ nationality when using conjunctions. The students used the conjunctions according to personal preference. Conjunctions play a key role in understanding the context of a speaker's utterance. In the future, more corpus construction will be needed to identify conjunctions of various genres and types of texts. Nevertheless, considering the importance of the connection mechanism between Korean and Chinese, the analysis results can be applied to consecutive interpretation education.