Earticle

The main purpose of this study is to examine the effects of explicit and implicit Form Focused Instruction(FFI) and Corrective Feedback(CF) on EFL learners to acquire the intonation of English choice questions which have different levels. For explicit FFI and CF, the Consciousness raising method and explicit corrections about learners’ mistakes were applied to the research. For implicit FFI and CF, the Input enhancement method and indirect prompt feedback were used. To analyze the effect of each method, the research employed a pretest and post-test with 60 Korean middle school learners assigned to three groups: Control, explicit, and implicit group over 8 weeks. The results were measured through a written, controlled read-aloud, and free speaking test. An interview with learners was also done after the post-test. The results discussed the crucial role of explicit FFI and CF for learning complex intonation patterns and the potential strength of implicit CF to improve target intonation in free conversation.

In the linguistics literature, it has been generally agreed that long-distance binding of ziji becomes unavailable if a 1st/2nd person blocker is employed: 1st/2nd person blocking effects. Recently, it turns out that several linguistic factors may give an influence to this effect; hence non-cannonical patterns arise. Focusing on the Agree-based analysis, this paper discusses how those patterns can be explained in a unified way. Especially, we examine the nature of several unexpected patterns by pursuing answers to the questions like (i) why a significant number of Chinese speakers appears not to be sensitive to such blocking, or (ii) why an opposite pattern is even observed given that ziji resists to be co-indexed with a 1st/2nd person non-local antecedent. Concomitantly, it is briefly discussed how discourse-based approaches can be collaborated with the syntactic approaches.

The purpose of this study is to reconsider the grammar category of "ida" by comprehensively checking the partal setting of "Ida" discussed in North and South Korea after examining the process of establishing "Ida" in North Korean grammar. In North Korea, 'Ida' was set as bakkumto(바꿈토) with '-(u)m',' and '-ki', and in South Korea, it was set as a predicative case marker. There is a similarity in North and South Korea in that the grammar category of 'Ida' is set to maintain system consistency with sentence components. However, setting "Ida" as bakkumto or a predicative case marker has problems. In this paper, it is discussed that it would be better to set it as a "dependent (assisted) adjective" according to the typological view, morphological and syntactic characteristics.

The present study attempted to investigate the preference of adult learners towards integrated and isolated form-focused instructions (FFI, hereafter) in learning Korean as a foreign language. It also sought to examine whether their preferences for the two different FFI types would differ depending on grammar and vocabulary learning and their TOPIK levels. To this end, 71 foreign students learning Korean at a local university were asked to respond to a questionnaire consisting of 34 questions including 6 personal background questions. A series of statistical analyses showed that, in general, learners had a higher preference for the isolated FFI than for the integrated FFI. Furthermore, learners at a lower level of TOPIK had a strong preference for the isolated FFI, while those at a higher level showed similar levels of preference for the two FFI types. Finally, learners did not show a strong preference for the isolated and integrated FFI in vocabulary learning, while they preferred the isolated FFI when it came to grammar learning.

The purpose of this paper is to verify practicality of the vocabulary lists of “weather and season”, “climate”, and “geographical information” among the vocabulary lists classified by “thema and situation category” provided by Korean Basic Dictionary. For this purpose, this paper constructs a 2021 weather forecast corpus with a size of 13,409 words, and then, targeting the lexical voacbulary, analyzes the lexical text coverage of vocabulary lists of “weather and season”, “climate”, and “geographical information” for the weather forecast corpus. Among 290 vocabularies of “weather and season”, “climate”, and “geographical information”, 122 vocabularies appear more than once in the weather forecast corpus. 122 vocabularies account for 9.0% of types and 21.2% of tokens of lexical vocabularies appearing in the weather forecast corpus. This figure is far short of 95%, which is the minimum lexical text coverage required for foreign learners to understand spoken text in the target language. Therefore, this paper proposes to reinforce the size of vocabulary list classified by “thema and situation category” of Korean Basic Dictionary above all, and suggests to correct the incorrectly included words in the list, and to upgrade the search system to enable bi-directional search. This study is meaningful in that it empirically verifies the relationship between texts closely related to real life and information provided by learners' dictionary.

The English article system has been known one of the most challenging components of English grammar for foreign learners to master, which needs continuous learning and feedback through assessments. However, current cognitive diagnostic models(CDMs) show some serious limitations: heavy reliance on large scale data, inability to model skill hierarchies and insufficient flexibility to efficiently handle small but repeated measurements. The purpose of the current study was to examine the potential of Bayesian network-based cognitive diagnostic modeling(BN-CDM) as an alternative to the current CDMs. A group of 124 college students(98 females and 26 males) joined a weekly 10-min learning session of the English article system throughout a semester and were administered a series of diagnostic tests. The test data were analyzed using conventional CDMs and BN-CDM. The results show that BN-CDM can handle small but repeated test data much more efficiently than conventional CDMs with a full consideration of hierarchical structures of the subject domain. The study also discusses some pedagogical implications of the results.

German can undergo word order change into [IO-DO-V] in double object construction(DOC), and Korean also can. However, two languages exhibit different typological properties and derivation aspects in this word order type. The purpose of this paper is to argue the followings: First, in terms of typology, whereas German is a language with a variety of DOCs, Korean is one with highly limited DOCs. Second, whereas the [IO-DO-V] word order DOC type of German is derived by ‘a prior V raising plus remant vP or ApplP topicalization’ mechanism depending on syntactic environments, that of Korean by scrambling. Third, the [IO-DO-V] word order DOC type of Korean has a constraint by which an unsaturated function cannot be scrambled.

The purpose of this study was to explore the usage of make in various semantic and grammatical patterns by Korean learners of English with emphasis on token and type frequencies and the types and plausible sources of errors. Towards this end, the make constructions in the Korean subcorpus of ICLE were examined. Results showed that the Korean learners were limited in their use of the major meanings of make. They relied mostly on its productive, delexical, and conventional senses. The verb make was prone to errors with misuses accounting for forty-five percent of the token occurrences of make patterns. Verb choice errors took up the largest proportion of deviant uses followed by article deletion/addition errors. Misuses of make patterns could be attributed to the inextricable interplay of L1 influence, intralingual development, and the language learning context.