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The purpose of this study was to find the mediating effect of basic psychological needs consisting of autonomy, competence, relatedness and hope in the relationship between perceived social support and career maturity among university students. Participants were 420 university students (male 161, female 209) nationwide. The questionnaire included perceived social support scale, career maturity attitude inventory scale, basic psychological need scale, and hope scale. SPSS, AMOS and Mplus were used for data analysis, including descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation. The result of this study are summarized as followed: First, perceived social support, career maturity attitude, basic psychological needs and hope showed significant positive correlations. Second, autonomy and relatedness of basic psychological needs had significant mediating effects between perceived social support and career maturity attitude; however, the mediating effects of competence was not significant. Third, hope had significant mediating effects between perceived social support and career maturity attitude. Fourth, autonomy and hope, relatedness and hope had significant double mediating effects between perceived social support and career maturity attitude. Fifth, competence and hope had a full double mediating effects between perceived social support and career maturity attitude. The implications, limitations and suggestions for futere study were discussed.

This study aimed to examine the association between stress and suicidal behavior among multicultural adolescents, and to investigate the mediating role of happiness in the association and comparisons by school level. For the purpose, this study conducted analyses on a sample of 954 multicultural adolescents who live with at least one foreign-born parent from the raw data of the 2017 Korea Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. The main findings are as follows. First, multicultural adolescents’ stress was positively associated with their suicidal behavior. Second, multicultural adolescents’ happiness partially mediated the association between stress and suicidal behavior. Third, whereas happiness partially mediated the association between stress and suicidal behavior for high school students, happiness perfectly mediated that association for middle school students. Based on the findings, practice and policy implications to reduce suicidal behavior among multicultural adolescents were discussed.

The purpose of this study was to find the mediating effect of basic psychological needs consisting of autonomy, competence, relatedness and hope in the relationship between perceived social support and career maturity among university students. Participants were 420 university students (male 161, female 209) nationwide. The questionnaire included perceived social support scale, career maturity attitude inventory scale, basic psychological need scale, and hope scale. SPSS, AMOS and Mplus were used for data analysis, including descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation. The result of this study are summarized as followed: First, perceived social support, career maturity attitude, basic psychological needs and hope showed significant positive correlations. Second, autonomy and relatedness of basic psychological needs had significant mediating effects between perceived social support and career maturity attitude; however, the mediating effects of competence was not significant. Third, hope had significant mediating effects between perceived social support and career maturity attitude. Fourth, autonomy and hope, relatedness and hope had significant double mediating effects between perceived social support and career maturity attitude. Fifth, competence and hope had a full double mediating effects between perceived social support and career maturity attitude. The implications, limitations and suggestions for futere study were discussed.

The purpose of this study was to develop a group art therapy program maladjusted military soldiers at positive change in mental health of depression, anxiety, self-esteem, suicidal ideation. The research questions are as follows: First, what are the development procedure and stage content of the group art therapy program? Second, what is the compositionof the group art therapy program? This study follow the procedure of Kim, Chang-dae’s four stage development model(2002) and compromises psychoanalytic, analytical, and cignitive-behavioral theories in order to understand the psychological dynamics of the maladjusted military soldier’s disease and to fine a solution to the problem, the program as structured on the based of attributes of the maladjusted military soldiers mantal health derived from literature review and interview consultation. Based on the results of program composition analysis, perceived program efficiency evaluation, and preliminary research analysis, based on the contents of activities collected in the art therapy prior research, the contents of the group art therapy program were composedand. In order to secure the validity of the program, the final program was developed by consulting with the expert group.

The purpose of this study is to provide necessary basic data for developing policies for the efficient use of closed schools in GyeongGi-do. The progress of this study was compared and analyzed by classifying changes in the number of people, students, schools and students per class into northern and southern GyeongGi-do, while the status analysis of closing schools was analyzed by classifying the characteristics of the location of schools, utilization characteristics of building and land conditions. The results are as follows. 1) GyeongGi-do has the largest population and the highest population growth rate in Korea, but the rate of closure of schools is increasing due to population movement in the province. The increase in the number of students is higher in northern GyeongGi-do than in the south, but the increase in the number of schools is higher in the south. The number of students per class is lower in northern GyeongGi-do than in the south. 2) It has been confirmed that the most number of closed schools locate adjacent agricultural areas with villages, and that they use their schools as educational facilities. Since all schools without buildings have a life of more than 20 years after closing, safety management is required for those with buildings with 20 years or more

The purposes of this study are to investigate the management process of an opera life-long educational program for youths and discover its educational meanings and implications. For these purposes, the investigator designed a qualitative case study. Data was collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The findings were as follows: first, the study examined the opera characteristics in the management process of an opera life-long educational program for youths and distinguished four sessions on forming rapport, studying the major content of an opera, completing the stage and performing on it, and arranging the outcomes. Secondly, the opera life-long educational program had some implications for life-long education including total arts education, increased drive, improved evaluation, and whole-person development and also for learners including identity formation, more self-confidence, and discovery of potential abilities. The content of the cases and educational practice discovered in the study will hopefully contribute to the reinforcement and development of life-long education in the nation.

This study was conducted to examine the impacts of group art therapy on the depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and suicidal ideation of maladjusted military soldier For this, a total of 24 people were composed as the study groups which are the experiment group of 8 people who participated in the group art therapy program, the comparison group of 8 people who participated in the group art education and the control group who participated in the general G camp program with the interested soldiers who entered the G camp in S unit located in K area as the objects. The study period was between June till December of 2013 and the test was performed 4 times a week for 2 weeks and 150 minutes for each time, a total of 8 sessions. For the collection of data for the effect of the program, the pre and post questionnaire scale test and picture test were performed on the experiment group 1 and 2, the comparative group and the control group. χ² was performed on the collected data to verify if there is any difference in general characteristic between the groups and the one way ANOVA and χ² were performed for the homogeneity verification among the experiment groups, control group and the comparative group. In order to verify the effectiveness of the program, the mixed ANOVA was performed between the experiment group. control group and the comparative group and the independent sample t-test and cross analysis were performed to assess the process and the results of the experiment groups and the comparative group. For all the statistics, the SPSS 18.0 program was used. The study results are as follows. The group art therapy for the improvement of depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and suicidal ideation of military soldiers was developed.

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship structure between the attachment, self-esteem and life goal among adolescents, and to verify that self-esteem has a mediated effect in these relationships. To establish a research model based on prior research and verify it, 2,063 respondents(1,034 males, 1,029 females) of the 3rd year of the Panel Survey of the KCYPS were analyzed. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 21.0 for frequency analysis, technical statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis for three-step analysis of the mediated effects of Baron and Kenny(1986). The analysis results are as follows. First, peer attachment has a statistically significant effect on life goals. Second, the mediating effects of self-esteem on the relationship between peer attachment and life goals showed that mediating effect was on the relationship between peer attachment and relationship goal, social contribution goal, and achievement goal. Based on these findings, ways to establish life goals were discussed to improve peer attachment and self-esteem among adolescents and the implications and limitations of the research were presented.

The purpose of this study was to examine bystanders’ perception of school violence among college students. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, questionnaires were distributed to college students at four-year colleges in Busan and 34 data was analyzed using the CQR-M method. The results of the study are as follows. There were three domains of perception of school violence, perception of victims of school violence, and acceptability for school violence. First, in the perception of school violence, three categories(prejudice against school violence in college, unawareness about occurrence of school violence in college, and processing system of school violence in college) and six sub-categories were derived. Second, in the perception of victims of school violence, two categories(understanding victim's position and prejudice against victim) and seven sub-categories were derived. Third, in the acceptability for school violence, three categories(zero tolerance for school violence, differences depending on the situation, and differences about standards of school violence) and four sub-categories were derived. The results of this study will provide basic data on counseling and education for prevention of school violence in college.

The purpose of this study is to verify the mediated effect of the relationship authenticity in the relationship between gender role conflict and romantic relationship satisfaction of male university students. A total of 420 male university students in G district were surveyed and 214 were used for analysis. The mediating effects of the relationship authenticity between gender role conflict and romantic relationship satisfaction in male university students are as follows. First, there was a significant negative correlation between gender role conflict, relationship authenticity and romantic relationship satisfaction, and there was a positive correlation between relationship authenticity and romantic relationship satisfaction. Second, one-way analysis of the major variables over the relationship period showed significant differences in romantic relationship satisfaction and relationship authenticity as the longer the relationship period. Third, the research model was verified according to the relationship period, and both the initial and later period of dating were fully mediated. These results mean that it is important for a man with a high gender role conflict to express himself sincerely in a romantic relationship. In the consultation scene, it could provide an intervention that would improve the relationship authenticity of a shorter-term approach, prior to a gender role conflict that would be difficult to restructure in a short period of time. Finally, we discussed suggestions for significance and further study based on this research result.

The purpose of this study was to restructure program and verity its effect based on Acceptance and commitment therapy to find out values of university students and execute the committed action according to the value. For this purpose, this study set research questions and used before, after, and follow up test designs for test and contr ol groups. 16 students from C University in G City volunteered and the group was formed with 8 for the test group and the rest 8 for the control group and total of 8 sessions were given to the test group for 4 weeks. The effect of program was verified according to Valued Learning Questionnaire, Value clarity, the evaluation tool for Commitment Questionnaire, session evaluation form, and the qualitative material collected during the close interview. According to the research results, ACT program had significant influence in improving the Index of valued life, Value clarity and Commitment. Lastly, the study suggested the significance of the study and for the later studies.

A human being recognizes the unique placeness of a specific place according to the development stage throughout one’s life. Especially, the school environment is significant as a base for development during adolescence. Research on the meaning of placeness not only helps understand the participants’ everyday world in depth but also becomes the basis for substantive social support, approaching their lives tightly. This study collected data through three to five sessions of in-depth interview with six late adolescents who had grown up in a low-income bracket and discussed the meanings of the placeness of the elementary, middle and high school environments based on the hermeneutic phenomenological method. As a result of the analysis, a total of 13 themes were identified in their experiences, and the meanings of the placeness of elementary, middle and high school environments were revealed based on three essential themes, including ‘A base that increased narrow strides on a biased line’, ‘A base that endured for the dreams made, concealing the heart after much meandering’, and ‘A base that habituated expectations fully though overwhelmed.’ Also, penetrating all their experiences, a central theme like ‘A straw fence that embraced entangled adolescence’ was found out. Lastly, based on the research results, this study made suggestions in terms of the improvement of the school environment and countermeasure for the promotion of happiness and welfare in the adolescents of the low-income bracket.

South Korea is a representative academic-centered society with people with higher education as the mainstream of society. Adolescents from a low-income group continue development during high school days in a social atmosphere emphasizing college entrance exam and academic achievement, as well. This study would explore their experiences in the temporal and spatial context around preparation for the college entrance exam in high school period to survive such a competitive environment. For this purpose, this study conducted three sessions of in-depth interview on average with five college students from the low-income group in the latter period of adolescence, who prepared the entrance exam in economic difficulties and could tell a rich story from the general view of college entrance and analyzed the collected data by the qualitative research method. As a result, it was found out that the participants commonly experienced their preparation for college entrance exam in high school period based on four components, including ‘A flame burning without support’, ‘A child who competes with the entrance exam’, ‘A shade that covers the stream’, and ‘A step carrying a rainstorm.’ In addition, the central theme like ‘Surviving the competition as a candle in the wind’ revealed the in-depth meaning of their experiences. Based on the findings of this study, practical and policy suggestions were made for the promotion of the quality of their lives.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effects of friend’s supportive reactions to early adolescents’ anger and sadness on the relationships between dysregulation of anger and sadness and problem behaviors. The participants were 418 adolescents who were in the first and second grade of middle schools in pusan. Data analysis methods included Cronbach’s α, t-test, pearson’s correlation, and multiple regression. The major findings were as follows. First, there were significant gender difference in friend’s reactions to early adolescents’ anger and sadness. Second, most of friend’s reactions to early adolescents’ anger and sadness correlated with problem behaviors significantly except for saddess-magnify reactions. Third, the moderating effects of friend’s supportive reactions to early adolescents’ anger and sadness on the relationships between dysregulation of anger and sadness and internalizing problem behaviors was significant respectively.

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of Daegu and Kyungbook area university students’ stress from academic and job-seeking task on their acceptability of people with multicultural background and further, to investigate the differences based on their characteristics and personal experiences. From three universities in Daegu and Kyungbook, 414 university students responded to a survey which evaluated their level of stress from academic and job-seeking work and that of acceptability of migrant workers, marriage migrant women, and children with multicultural family. The collected data were analyzed by using single regression analysis, two way ANOVA, and graph analysis. The main results were as follows. First, the Daegu and Kyungbook area university students‘ stress from academic and job-seeking task negatively influenced on their acceptability of migrant workers and marriage migrant women. Second, the female university students were influenced by their stress from academic and job-seeking work in accepting the people with multicultural background more than the male university students were. Third, their experience on living abroad and having a migrant friends weakened the influence of the stress on accepting migrant workers and marriage migrant women. This study indicates that in order for university students to increase acceptability of people with multicultural background, continuous and reflective multicultural education programs should be provided rather than one-time program. Also, emotional issues such as stress from academic and job-seeking work should be considered when developing those multicultrual education programs.