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The purpose of this study is to develop and validate Planned Happenstance Inventory for Adolescent. For the development of the scale, the concept of reliability composition and its associated validity were verified by conducting research and research studies. For the development of preliminary question, 25 middle and high school students were carried to open-ended questionnaires, and 67 questions were derived by adding 25 questions from the planned happenstance inventory. After conducting an exploratory factor analysis of 552 teenagers and 67 questions drawn from the preliminary survey, selected 47 questions and conducted 2nd confirmatory factor analysis of 552 adolescent. Exploratory factor analysis found five factors, and named flexibility, continuity, riskiness, curiosity, and optimism. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis carried to 2nd group, 5 factor-model showed high compatibility which demonstrated the validity of the concept of the planned contingency measure for teenagers. To analyze the validity of the regulations of planned contingency measures for teenagers, correlation analysis with reference variables conducted and showed an significant outcome. Finally, based on the results of the study, significance and limitations of the study and future research were discussed.

This study set out to provide mentoring education to reinforce the mentor capabilities of college students and investigate its effects on mentors' interpersonal communication competence, personality, and psychological happiness. The subjects include college students in K City that gave consent to participate in this study. They were assigned to the treatment group of 23 and the control group of 26. The treatment group provided with a mentoring education program in eight sessions and instructed them to serve freshmen that were mentees as their mentors. Trying to test the program's effects, the investigator then measured changes before and after mentoring education and conducted independent-sample t-test and ANCOVA. The findings were as follows: first, the mentoring education program for college students made a significant increase to their interpersonal communication competence; second, the program also made a significant enhancement in their personality; and finally, the program increased their psychological happiness significantly. Based on these findings, the study proposed the application of strategies to reinforce college students' mentor capabilities in the interpersonal, individual, and psycho-social aspects and discussed future researches.

Undergraduates experience stress due to academic and employment problems. Campus life stress may have an effect on the quality of life, where household income can be coping resources or a stressor. It is, therefore, necessary to provide substantial and specific support by analyzing effects of campus life stress and household income on undergraduates' quality of life. Hence, this study examined what effects campus life stress, household income, sex and the Korea Student Aid Foundation's support have on undergraduates' quality of life and discusses the foundation's support as coping resources. For this study, the 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd data presented by the Korea Student Aid Panel were used. The findings can be summarized: First, household income has a moderating effect on the relationship between campus life stress and undergraduates' quality of life, according to the 1st and the 2nd data. Second, undergraduates' quality of life tends to be gradually decreased. Third, the Korea Student Aid Foundation's support prevents the reduction of growth in undergraduates' quality of life. Finally, this study discussed coping resources which can reduce the effect of low household income on their quality of life and enhance it, and described some limits of this study.

This paper address volunteering of youth as an important socio-cultural trend which have been generally taken for granted and not interrogated. The volunteering had been regarded as a charity which came from altruism and intimacy in community. But in the neoliberal post-welfare society, the policy discourse of youth volunteering have been changed by the state. Now, Young people have to participate voluntary activity in order to enter university or to get a job in intense competition. The field and scope of volunteering of youth have been expanded and the policy of volunteering have influenced on the life of young people. To understand the changing of volunteering policy discourse, researcher have investigated the historical and sociological contexts of policy discourses in the case of USA, British, China and Korea and have tried to interpretate it’s meanings. The main points that have constructed the policy discourses of youth volunteering, ‘service learning’, ‘citizenship’, and ‘service work’ have been discussed. Lastly, it has been discussed the possibility of alternative perspectives to learning to become active citizenship through youth volunteering.

The purpose of this study is to suggest an evacuation impact analysis model of juvenile youth in general hospital. Evacuation speeds of adults and juvenile youths are varied due to their different competence in an evacuation. The use of assistive devices for the evacuation can cause more variation in most conditions. The juvenile youth‘s use of an assistive device generally requires an adult user's assistance in a fire evacuation. It makes the understanding of the evacuation process more complicated. The variance of user composition between adult users and juvenile youth users were also considered as variables for the simulation model. This study conducted to provide an analytical model considering the variation of evacuation performance due to the evacuation speed and the use of assistive devices showed that the user composition, the user speed variation and the use of assistive devices were able to cause overcrowding at local spaces and the analysis model was able to identify them.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effects of adolescent’s commitment to career choice in the relationship between work value and school adjustment among adolescent. The participants were 430 adolescents who were in first grade of high school in Busan and Kyungnam. For data analysis, frequency, partial correlation, multiple regression, Sobel test, and Cronbach’s α were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 25 program. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, boys’ and girls’ intrinsic work value correlated with commitment to career choice and school adjustment. Second, boys’ extrinsic work value correlated with school adjustment. Finally, the mediating effect of boys and girls’ commitment to career choice in the relationship between intrinsic work value and school adjustment was significant. The results suggest the importance of commitment to career choice and intrinsic work value to improve school adjustment of adolescents.

This study aims to analyze the current law in Korea that specifies counseling and to confirm the role and scope of professional counseling. For this purpose, 101 current domestic laws that specify psychological counseling were selected and the criteria for counseling institutions, tasks, and employees' qualifications mentioned in the relevant laws were analyzed. The results of the study showed that the operation of 117 counseling agencies was defined in 74 laws, and the counseling areas of counseling institutions were children & adolescents, career, couple & family, and mental illness in order. Next, 78 laws specify qualifications, and 64 laws have provided qualification standards. Among the qualification criteria presented in the law, 67 were in the counseling field and 310 were in the similar counseling field. Based on the results of the study, the present status of psychological counseling policy projects based on the law, the establishment of consistent psychological counseling standards, and the establishment of a foundation for legalization of counseling were suggested.

This study was conducted to determine the type of subjectivity of Work Ethics of youthwork by applying the Q-methodology and to understand the characteristics of each type. Through in-depth interviews and Literature review, 30 Q-statements were drawn. A total of 30 youthwork were selected as P-samples, and Q-sorting tasks were performed. The results of the analysis using the QUANL-PC program were divided into 4th types. The first type is ‘Respect for Youth Rights type’, the second type is ‘ Youth friendly Environment type’, and the third type is ‘Pursuit for Professionalism type’, the fourth type is ‘Organizational Cultual Orientation type’. The result of this study can be used as a guide to solve the ethical dilemma in the youthwork scene by cultivating the professional ethics consciousness of the youthwork by classifying the ethical perception that the youthwork should have as a professional.

The purpose of the present study is to analyze competency units and the level of performance – considered important by youth workers and prospective youth workers – with regards to competency unit elements in the field of youth activities based on the NCS. The study surveyed a total 331 subjects including 137 youth workers and 184 prospective youth workers to achieve such a purpose. The basic statistics of the subjects were analyzed, and an IPA analysis was conducted to figure out the general characteristics of the research subjects and the differences in importance and performance. The analysis results show, first, that the importance average by competency unit of youth activities for youth workers(incumbent) to be 4.19, while the performance average was at 3.56. Second, results indicate a 2nd quadrant(evaluating youth programs, operating youth self-government activities). Third, the importance average by competency unit of youth activities for prospective youth workers was 4.15, while the performance average was 2.92. Fourth, the results indicate a 2nd quadrant(planning youth projects, evaluating youth programs). Fifth, in the IPA analysis of youth workers and prospective youth workers, the results indicated a a 2nd quadrant(operating youth self-government activities, building and operating a collaboration system, supporting activities that promote youth rights)

The major purpose of this study was to explore the effects of personal and environmental variables on children's multicultural attitudes in accordance with ecological approaches. Personal variables were children's participation awareness as well as caring, cooperative and competitive learning styles. Micro-system variables were affective parenting, interactive teaching, teacher's guidance, school violence and the prevalence of multicultural students in a school. The exo-system variable consisted of the school location. The participant sample was derived from the Korean Education Longitudinal Study 2013 (KELS 2013), and the data of 6,820 children who were in 6th grade in 237 schools was analyzed. A hierarchical linear model(HLM) was performed to analyse the multi-level data. First, results showed that all personal variables have significant positive effects on a children's multicultural attitudes. Second, affective parenting and interactive teaching were shown to have significant positive effects while school violence was shown to have a significant negative effect on children's multicultural attitudes. Third, teacher's guidance, the prevalence of multicultural students in a school and the school location did not appear to be statistically significant. This study showed that environmental variables as well as personal variables can affect a children's multicultural attitudes.