Earticle

The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of middle school students' overdependence on SNS on cyberbullying perpetration and to verify the mediating effect of depression in these relationship. The subjects of this study were a total of 346 middle school students who attend two middle school and use three youth centers located in the northern part of Seoul, and offline and online surveys were conducted from July 15 to August 30, 2020. The collected data were analyzed to multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 25.0 program. The results of this study were as follows. First, middle school students' overdependence on SNS had a statistically significant effect on depression. Second, middle school students' overdependence had a significant effect on cyberbullying perpetration. It was found that depression mediated middle school students' overdependence on SNS and cyberbullying perpetration. Middle school students who used SNS excessively showed high cyberbullying perpetration, and depressed middle school students showed high cyberbullying perpetration. These results will be used to develop basic data or programs to prevent middle school students' excessive dependence on SNS and cyberbullying perpetration.

Today's education is being increasingly called upon to prepare 21st-century learners to have future competencies and skills that will enable them to thrive in an increasingly complex society. Concerns that existing education systems and approaches will not sufficiently nurture the talent of tomorrow have sparked a global movement for education reform. Through extensive literature review, this study examines the various directions of future education that can respond to changes in a future society dominated by uncertainty and identifies the value declared by future education. The study intended to find a design approach to build a learning space that supports various teaching and learning activities for future education. A critical analysis of Rosan Bosch's 6 design principles was conducted through the conceptual framework of an architectural design approach for future learning spaces. As a result of the study, implications for the incompleteness of informal learning spaces and suggestions for effective architectural design approaches for creating future learning spaces were presented.

This study aimed to develop the Korean scale that could assess cyber delinquency (tendency) for the youth. In study 1, preliminary questions were first collected among questionnaire items of previous studies on cyber-bullying or cyber violence, and extra useful questions were added after inquiring of adolescents and college students. A couple of psychological experts checked those questions and selected 40 questions. Considering principle component analysis result of preliminary survey and item characteristics, a set of 22 items was judged as cyber delinquency questionnaire. In study 2, this questionnaire and other relevant questionnaires assessing self-control, aggression, and self-esteem respectively, were surveyed for 219 adolescents. Exploratory factor analysis of the data identified 5 factors of cyber delinquency, such as cyber sexual problem, cyber illegal trading, cyber hate, cyber information crime, and cyber bullying. Correlation analysis among cyber delinquency, self-control, aggression, and self-esteem revealed the result that supported convergent and discriminant validity of the questionnaire. In study 3 using confirmatory factor analysis of another 265 adolescents’ data, χ2/df, RMSEA, and SRMR showed reasonable levels of goodness of fit, but CFI and TLI did not. Overall it was concluded that 5 factors’ structure of the current questionnaire was acceptable. Suggestions were made to utilize this cyber delinquency scale in many situations.

The high school credit system, which emphasizes student course selection and responsibility, is being implemented with the goal of introducing all high schools nationwide by 2025. For the proper operation of the high school credit system, it is necessary to restructure the school space along with the preparation of the curriculum, completion standards, and evaluation plan. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to derive the direction of high school spatial restructuring in response to the introduction of the high school credit system. To this end, a survey was conducted on research schools that are piloting the high school credit system, and opinions based on the experience of operating the high school credit system were collected and analyzed. The analysis results were presented in four themes: the direction of the learning space, the direction of the support space, the direction of the communal space, and the improvement direction of the student movement. Based on the analysis results, the necessity of school space restructuring according to the characteristics of the high school credit system was emphasized, and change direction of the spatial structure was suggested.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the basic requirements for the construction of youth facilities in Korea, derive the basic requirements and evaluation standards for the youth facility construction plan through comparison with similar public facilities construction guidelines, and to present basic data on the direction of youth facilities construction. For this purpose, the current concept of youth facilities, related laws, facility standards, etc. were analyzed, and guidelines for construction of similar public facilities such as schools, museums, and libraries were analyzed, and based on the comparison of the analysis results, the construction direction of youth facilities was suggested. Therefore specific construction standards that apply our country's youth policies and social environment are necessary so that not only the officials in charge, but also all those involved in youth facilities, such as youth and parents, can share their respective roles and responsibilities and participate actively in the decision-making process. Through this study, it is hoped that the national goals for the construction of youth facilities will be set as an occasion to establish the necessary guidelines, and furthermore, it will be used as a basis for the construction of public youth facilities by local governments, so that related follow-up projects can be actively carried out.

The purpose of this study was to explore the quantitative and qualitative changes of self-directed learning ability, time management behavior, and self-efficacy of late adolescent who started their college in the Covid 19 era, while they were participating in the online learning coaching offered by their university. For this, 10 college students participated in the online learning coaching program designed with 7 sessions through zoom meeting based on GROW model. In order to explore quantitative changes, differences of pre- and post-test results of self-directed learning ability, time management behavior and self-efficacy were compared with paired t-test and they showed significant increases in all three factors. In order to find out qualitative changes, participant observation and interview data were collected and analyzed based on constant comparison method. Major results were as follows. First, participants’ career goals were changed from vague to more detailed ones. Second, participants’ study plans were from rudimentary to more specialized with individual situation. Third, participants’ time management behavior were from disordered to ordered based on priority with college class. Fourth, participants’ confidence were from low to high through successful experiences with implementing their own plans. Based on these results, several issues were discussed for extending and activating online learning coaching for the college youths.

(Background) Regarding the arrangement of architectural facilities among the recent studies conducted for the new construction of youth experience facilities, this study is a planning thesis to secure basic data for youth facilities to be built in the future by arranging the planning process and results. (Purpose) Through this study, I intend to examine examples of program proposals for youth facilities and examine suggestions for the area of architectural space that match the examples. I intend to explain the social and physical analysis process and method according to the site status, and propose and examine the results. (Method) In order to properly know the current status of the land and to properly use the surrounding environment that is secured for the construction of public facilities, 3D modeling was performed based on public contour data to analyze the elevation and shape of the site. Site analysis, site elevation analysis, and circulation analysis were performed for the arrangement of facility space with the reference to the 3D modeling. Also, it includes the process of deriving the space area along with the proposal of the youth program, which is the basic data for estimating the size of the space. (Stduy Results) Proposal of the spatial area and the layout plan was provided, which were followed by the plan for the architectural mass suitable for the site shape. The initial proposal of the exterior design were derived as the result of the study.