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In order to prevent emotional and behavioral problems and increase life satisfaction in early adolescents, this study classified mothers’ parenting attitudes perceived by early adolescents as latent classes, and verified emotional and behavioral problems and life satisfaction of early adolescents according to the classified latent classes. For this study, 2019 year’s data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey(KCYPS) of the National Youth Policy Institute were used. A total of 4,368 cases(2,184 fifth grade in elementary school and 2,184 mothers) were statistically analyzed using latent profile analysis, multinominal logistic regression, and Wald’s association test. As results of the study, the latent classes for the mothers' parenting attitude were divided into three classes. As factors affecting the latent class, conversation time with mother in children, mother’s health, self-esteem and happiness in mothers significantly influenced to three latent classes. Also, there were significant differences in emotional and behavioral problems and life satisfaction according to the latent classes of mothers’ parenting attitudes. Emotional and behavioral problems were low and life satisfaction was high in the 'positive parenting attitude dominant group'. This study is expected to be useful in parent education and counseling sites.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among COVID 19 stress, mental well-being, and parental support perceived by adolescents, and to investigate the mediating effect of parental support perceived by adolescents in the relationship between COVID-19 stress and mental well-being. The subjects of this study were 398(196 male, 202 female) students in the first and second grade of one female middle school and one male middle school located in M city in the southwestern part of South Korea. COVID-PSS-10, the parental support scale, and Korean Mental Health Continuum Short Form were completed. SPSSWIN 27.0 for Windows was used for descriptive statistics and correlation analysis and SPSS Process Macro 4.0 was used for multiple regression analysis and bootstrapping. The results were as follows: First, the Covid 19 stress was negatively correlated to parental support perceived by adolescents, and mental well-being(emotional well-being, psychological well-being, social well-being). Second, parental support perceived by adolescents had full mediating effects between Covid 19 stress and emotional well-being. Third, parental support perceived by adolescents had full mediating effects between Covid 19 stress and psychological well-being. Fourth, parental support perceived by adolescents had partial mediating effects between Covid 19 stress and social well-being.

This study was conducted to evaluate the mediating effects of anger-in and anger-out in the correlation between childhood abuse and college students’ interpersonal difficulties. A total of 520 college students were surveyed to collect data on emotional abuse, dysfunctional anger expression, and their interpersonal difficulties. The data was analyzed through descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis as well as structural equation modelling. The results were as follows: The correlation analysis showed that emotional abuse, anger-in, and anger-out were significantly related. Anger-in and anger-out respectively were confirmed to have significant mediating effects in an analysis of their impacts in the correlation between emotional abuse and interpersonal difficulties. Anger-in and anger-out were shown to have double mediating effects in the correlation between emotional abuse and interpersonal difficulties. This study showed, with regard to the correlation between emotional abuse and interpersonal difficulties, that emotional abuse may cause anger-in and those with suppressed anger and abuse experiences are more likely to have interpersonal issues.

The purpose of this study is to identify longitudinal reciprocal relationship between children's media device dependency and mothers' work-family conflict. Also, this study explored the longitudinal effectiveness of children's media device dependency and mothers' work-family conflict on later children's school adjustment. Three waves(10th, 11th, 12th) of panel data from the Panel Study of Korean Children were analyzed in this study by using an adapted version of Autoregressive cross-lagged modeling. A total of 592 children and their mothers participated in the study. As a result, first, children's media device dependency and mothers' work-family conflict showed stability over time. Second, mothers' work-family conflict(T1) had a statistically significant effect on children's media device dependency(T2). Third, mothers' work-family conflict(T2) was not influenced by children's media device dependency(T1). Fourth, children's media device dependency(T2) was negatively influenced on children's school adjustment(T3). This study confirmed the interrelationships of children's media device dependency and mothers' work-family conflict. Also, this study found children's media device dependency had an longitudinal effect on children's school adjustment. Based on these findings, it suggests that intervention aimed at reducing children's media device dependency is necessary for developing intervention in the mothers' work-family conflict. In addition, children's media device dependency has a long term impact on children's school adjustment. That is, it is necessary to develop program that deal with using children's media device dependency for children's school adjustment.

This study aimed to examine the mediating effect of ambivalence over emotional expressiveness and the mediated moderation effect of perceived social support in the relationship between attachment avoidance and psychological well-being in their 20s and 30s. The subjects were 230(48 male, 182 female) in their 20-30s. The data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and SPSS Macro. The result of an integrated model with mediating and moderating effects, indicated that partially mediated attachment avoidance and psychological well-being. Second, in the effects of attachment avoidance on psychological well-being, ambivalence over emotional expressiveness and social support had a mediated moderation effect. These findings suggest that the higher the attachment avoidance, the higher the ambivalence over emotional expression, which can lower psychological well-being, but socail support can reduce this influence. Finally, the study’s limits and further discussion were suggested.

The purpose of this study is to verify the mediation effect of alexithymia in the relationship between female college students’ guilt and depression. 215 on and offline surveys were distributed to female college students who are attending three-and four-year universities in South Korea. The data were analyzed to examine Pearson’s correlation and mediation effect of alexithymia using SPSS and SPSS PROCESS macro methods. The results were as follows: First, the correlation analysis confirmed that guilt was significantly related to depression and alexithymia of female college students. Furthermore, difficulties in identifying feeling and difficulties in describing feeling, sub-factors of alexithymia, were related to depression. Second, as a result of verifying the effects of mediation, the study demonstrated that the mediation effects of difficulties in identifying feeling and difficulties in describing feeling were significant. However, the externally oriented thinking, a sub-factor of alexithymia, had no mediation effect. These results highlighted the importance of interventions for difficulties in identifying feeling and difficulties in describing feeling in female college students’ depression.

The objective of this study is to develop a mother's reactions to early adolescents' anger. To supplement and reconstruct existing scale, original scale was translated and re-translated. Then after conducting free-response questionnaires with a sample of 100 students, the questions regarding a mother's reactions to early adolescents' anger were added and revised. In this part of the process, 41 questions were selected after the content was validated by 2 Doctorates of Youth Studies. With this existing scale, we investigated 620 middle school students in 2 different cities. The data were analyzed by SPSS (ver.25) and Amos (ver.25). Major statistics used to analyze the data were reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson’s correlation analysis. Major results are as follows. First of all, for validation of item quality, we conducted a correlation analysis between items, average, and standard deviation analysis, and squared multiple correlation (smc) analysis, and the result was satisfactory exept for one item. Second, for construct validity using exploratory factor analysis, 33 items were categorized into 4 factors: anger-dismissive reactions, anger-supportive reactions, anger-neglect reactions and anger-override reactions. To secure the stability of factor structure, the confirmatory factor analysis, and convergent-discriminant evidence were certified to be reliable. In third, for criterion-related validity, sub-factors of the scale had a meaningful correlation with the variables of adolescents. These results imply that the scale of mother's reactions to early adolescents' anger was varified.