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Politics of literature, poetic restoration of ‘Gwangju Democratization Movement’ - Focusing on Ten Thousand Lives(Vols. 27-30) by Ko Un Ten Thousand Lives is poetic records of people Ko Un has known and known of. The fact that the background of its creation is The Gwangju Democratization Movement and it ends with it is important. Using poetic imagery, this work tries to portray the beginning of the most humanistic and common sense civil society during the most unfortunate and catastrophic experience in modern Korea. When we talk about history, it is generally about official history that reflects the ruling order and ideology of those in power. Whereas, the desire to discourse history and history as narration of stories tend to defy the official history. Ten Thousand Lives functions as narration of history or history as stories. History as stories is a sort of alternative history and it can be expanded and interpreted as a restoration of hidden history. Poetic recognition of history as stories is the foundation of Ten Thousand Lives. It is necessary to note that the poems in volumes 27 through 30 of Ten Thousand Lives are about people related to Gwangju Democratization Movement. The fact that the poet intentionally transformed Gwangju Democritization Movement into poems implies that not only its beginning but also its ending should be about the Gwangju Democritization Movement. As the movement was the result of state violence, a fundamental question remains, "Could the state be the agent to resolve the state violence?" The state as the agent for the healing of wounds means it takes the dominant position in discourse. The desire for history as stories or reinterpretation of history through stories are the same as a resistance to the dominant discourse of the state. This collection of poems tell and reinterpret history and confront the official notion and dominant authority. The poet was prosecuted for violating the positive law. This fact belongs to historical context and the domain of personal truth. At the same time, it is a facet of resistant discourse hidden behind the dominant discourse. Writing about memories is the most critical action to dismantle the established order as well as a desire to replace the falsified history. This motivated him to write Ten Thousand Lives and this is the reason why the Gwangju Democratization Movement becomes the ending of Ten Thousand Lives stories of history. Memories about history and poetic reproduction of memories in Ten Thousand Lives reject the objectification of memories and contributes to the positioning of past in the context of present. It is a desire to take history as stories and an imagination that topples established history. It is a desire to dismantle the dominant, authoritative, and established discourse and establish a new type of discourse, i.e. continuous telling of unfinished history or a desire to write about memories. To consider the violence and brutality of military regime as a past heritage to remember only is to fossilize history. Story of Gwangju Massacre through poems and rediscovery of Gwangju Massacre through history as stories were two of the most important roles of Ten Thousand Lives. The poet asserts that the word "Gwangju" not only symbolizes wounds, violence, and death but also contains important community experiences. The structure of Ten Thousand Lives itself expands personal lives into general, community aspects. The poems dealing with the Gwangju Democratization Movement were the poetic reaction to and witnesses of the movement, which sprouted a shoot of most beautiful civil society in the most tragic and appalling situation. And it was the poet's intention to tell stories of history. Ten Thousand Lives starts with Gwangju and ends with Gwangju. It is a return to poetic source and a recognition of literary origin. The poet demonstrates one important fact here. The space rampant with horrible killings and deaths was in fact a time to discover and experiment the most beautiful and honorable civic values. The desire to tell history is a desire to dismantle the dominant and authoritative discourse of official history. This desire is a will to restore the alienated history and excluded lives subversively and radically. This will leads to a fundamental question about what the humanity is beyond all the modern discourses. Paradoxically, the question about what the truly humanistic life is arose in the extreme situation where humans were no longer humans. Preservation of humanity was the most basic concept to maintain self-determined life. However, Gwangju also demonstrated civic values. Poetic restoration of Gwangju Democratization Movement cast important questions about humanity and civil society. This is the desire, and political and poetic accomplishment of Ten Thousand Lives that tried to tell history.

A Trial Study on Novel Toji(Land) and Transformation Toji - centered on Rhythm Theory of Henri Meschonnic Choi, You Hee Transfiguration work of literature is a kind of the process of creation and translation. Even if you try to reflect the original intent of the literature is not easy to adapt the work properly. The reason is because the adaptation criteria. The same is true of ‘Land’ adaptation. 'Land' has been adapted to TV, Radio, Cartoon, Musical Drama, Movie. In this paper, I researched of adaptability of rhythm theory to adaptation This is a kind of trial study of the rhythm theory to apply to the adaptation. The rhythm concept of Henri Meschonnic is defined as the organization of discourse. His Rhythm concept means an arrangement and place with meaning rather than musical beat. To study rhythm, we have to research accent points in discourse and by discourse. This study will be able to investigate the relationship between the literary environment and adaption works based on the study of changes in the rhythm. This is intended to avoid the mechanization of structural literary analysis, but through the analysis of rhythm of work further broaden the understanding of the works. Land is long story ranging manuscript paper sheet of thirty thousand. The categorization of this story is the first step in order to analyze the rhythm of the entire narrative of this novel. We should set the systematization of discourse. In addition, the time required for reading conventional measurements, if possible, and within that time-scale of the individual discourse about how to organize study time to read through the readers, if this analysis, notice how the strength of discourse will be checked. Rhythm analysis methods will differ depending on the nature of the media, but it can be extracted the rhythm of works. As a result, a methodology for the transfiguration will be established. This study is an attempt to join creative transfiguration to bring the spirit of literary theory.

The Study of Adaptational Aspect of Fork Story on The Juvenile Literature Bae Young Soon(Dong-A Univ.) Deeply interested in the Juvenile Literature positively tries to look for novel materials, subject matters, and techniques for original fairy tales from the character features, motives, and forms of Fork Stories, this study aims at proving that Juvenile Literature can be extended not simply by revival but by adaptation. For this purpose, I have examined 26 adaptive works to investigate in what aspects their materials and subject matters are adapted. The materials that Juvenile Literature has commonly adapted include Dokkaebi, Mago Halmi, Baridegi, tigers, dragons and pythons, the 9‐tailed fox, the story of Sim Cheong, Ondal the Fool, stories of heavenly fairies, and domestic gods. Diverse and creative adaptations have been made in the adaptive works. First of all, as for the adaptation of basic materials, we have seen that there are cases where basic stories are drawn without modification, where more than one material is brought, and where Fork Stories are used as basic motives but almost new stories are created. Next, as for the adaptation of character features and supernatural powers, there are cases where the character from Fork Stories are drawn without modification, where features and supernatural powers are more broadly extended and attached than in the originals, and where features and supernatural powers are reduced. As for the adaptation of space and time, which are very closely related to event unfolding, we can divide the stories into three cases where past space and time are set, where present space and time are set, and where genuine fantasist spaces is set. When it comes to the adaptation of subject matters, the stories can be classified into cases where the subject matters of oral literature are maintained or added, where totally new subject matters are contained, and where Fork Stories are interpreted from a new perspective after the original subject matters have been destroyed and the opposite subject matters have been presented. Problems with the adaptive works include lack of understanding of basic materials first of all, for which there are many cases where the significance of drawing the materials disappears as the characteristics and values of the materials are neglected. Next, there are a considerable number of works that remain just ordinary as the modern writers cannot overcome the imagination of the writers of the Fork Stories. There are also quite a few works that make us feel that the writers’ serious reflection is missing about the creation and formation of themes that can increase the adaptive works’ literary fruits. Lastly, we can point out that the writers’ eyes and observation are unsatisfactory in discovering children from Fork Stories. The creation of Juvenile Literature that adapts Fork Stories, repositories of Korean fantasies, is expected to enrich Korean Juvenile Literature. With this study, the current author will go on to deeper study and creation by the extending the scope of the adaptation of Fork Stories.

A Research on the Vitalization of Garam Lee Byeong-Gi's Culture Space Park Young-Woo This year is the 120th anniversary of Garam Lee Byeong-Gi's birth. To commemorate it, Iksan, Jeonbuk held an academic conference and many events in order to illuminate Lee's cultural achievements. Garam Lee Byeong-Gi(1891-1968) is a great scholar who founded Korea literature, literary giant who modernized sijo, Korean poems and patriot who worried about Korea and brightened its spirit. He wrote What is sijo? on Dong-A Ilbo, in 1926 and later developed sijo as a representative genre of Korean literature by writing Rules of versification and sijo, The principle of sijo, The present and future of sijo, Renovate sijo, A theory on sijo. He contributed greatly to reviving Korean modern literature by bringing up many junior scholars. The purpose of this research is to show a few directions with a view to vitalizing Lee's academic and literary achievements as culture contents. First, it is necessary to establish a space that has identity and story. Many literary sites display only chronology of a writer's life and his or her relics rather than show a writer's personality and literary trait. It makes visitors feel bored. It is needed to establish a space where a writer's life and works are melted and developed into a story, which makes it possible for visitors to enjoy literary experience. It is also needed to vitalize regional economy by developing Lee's works into culture contents. Second, it is necessary to develop cultural clusters through connecting the region and its literary men. The value of culture contents should be raised by packaging a sight-seeing site. Visitors should have opportunities to appreciate regional literary men and cultural assets rather than just visit a writer's home and literary site. locality, Korea should launch itself into world market through developing culture contents which represent the identity of Korean literature. We should form a foundation which enables world people to enjoy our literature by translating Korean poems into English. The business of building Garam Lee Byeong-Gi's cultural site should not be confined to building a simple space and displaying contents. It should be transformed into a culture-friendly space which makes it possible for domestic and foreign visitors to gain cultural sympathy. All of this should be based on active research and development.

A Study on the Culture Contents of 'Bukchon' in the movie and play - About movie 「The Day he Arrives」and play 「Snow of march」 Kim, Youn-Mi Culture contents are a part dealt with in cultural industries, closely connected to the cultural identify of a certain group. In this sense, this study focused on the spatial identity of 'Bukchon' which has changed according over time. 'Bukchon' was the symbol of the ruling class's residing region in the Joseon Dynatsy, and was symbolized as a traditional housing region as well as a national space as a starting place of all racial movements. But 'Bukchon' has changed as a unique - typed space with modern and pre-modern looks mixed, as restrictions in development have been repeatedly imposed or lifted. In movie The Day he Arrives, it was possibile to adopt a metaphor to express what has been lost on 'Bukchon.' As this movie was filmed in black and white, 'Bukchon' is fixed in the time of past. The bar built in Hanok (Korea traditional village) design and the empty Hanok aisle are rather expressed as a unrealistic space. This isolated description functions as a strategy of commercializing the lost past. The movie The Day he Arrives has been described in a stranger's view, while play March Snow was filmed in a resident's view. In the play March Snow, 'Bukchon' is described as a space where old time has been piled as an old Hanok is dissembled and commercialized. And it is getting an tourism attraction due to the traces of the time. Regardless of Jang-oh sitting with a gloomy face, lovers taking a picture against of the old house and Japanese tourists' vitality show the difference between Bukchon's image existing in reality and that seen by tourists. The historicity and daily routine due to Bukchon's uniqueness functions as a kind of aura to tourists. The movie The Day he Arrives tells us about 'Bukchon' in a view fo a stroller wandering the outside of 'Bukchon' using traces and memories lodged in the inside of 'Bukchon.' Like this, 'Bukchon' is settled down as a cultural content through soap operas. The old historicity of 'Bukchon' will be newly remodelled like 'Hanok' and change into a commercial space where its natives have left. But 'Bukchon' is likely to be assembled into a source of a new story due to its drama - characteristics and because of such features as a drama 'Bukchon' will be meaningful and become an emotional space consumed with the edition for another story.

The Structural Topography and Disputed Points in Educational Theory of Creative Writing - With a focus on educational theories of writing novels Na, So-Joung(Dankook Univ.) This article raises a serious question about whether education of creative writing will remain in a subordinate or marginal place of literary education or take a central position in the discourse. Today's reality is that there is a shortage of discussion about the design and teaching method of a specific and practical course that can be integrated into a curriculum and that it is difficult to find academic discussions about writing novels or examples of its theorization work. There is no denying that there have been only poor efforts to explore the boundaries and correlations between theory and practice in multifaceted ways and to combine the results with a curriculum. It is quite necessary to think over how to accept education of writing novels provided by colleges in an academic standpoint. At this point, it should be noted that there are piles of tasks to be discussed and addressed in relation with creative education including establishing the concept and rationale of creative education to make the justification and grounds of education of creative writing clear, setting educational goals and destinations, designing subjects and educational content, establishing systematic theories, searching for all sorts of diverse teaching and learning methods to supplement the apprentice classes in the field of creative education, and developing tools to assess creative works. It is required to take new interest in "study of creative writing" from an academic perspective in addition to "theory of creative writing" from a technical and practical perspective and further to reinforce and expand the academic capabilities of study of creative writing. The study is interested in granting new meanings to the theory of writing novels and exploring methodological directions for it. In theory, it will examine if it is possible for the principles of writing novels to overcome the perspective of understanding the meanings of writing novels in the viewpoint of external utility as well as to graduate from individual writers' subjective interpretations and whether there can be a perspective that finds values in the theory of writing novels based on certain ideological foundations. In an attempt to address all those questions, the study proposes and analyzes educational methodologies as cases based on each of the disputed points.

A Methodological Study for Writing Education - On using the ‘chunking’ method in writing education Lee, Man-Kyo(Hanseo Univ.) Every word has various levels of abstraction called ‘the ladder of abstraction’ in it according to the size of its Semantic Network. And according to its depth of the levels, each word has cognitive distances to its referent objects, generalizing or specializing them. The word which has deeper levels of abstraction embodies a wide Semantic Network to generalize, while the word which has narrower levels embodies a narrow Semantic Network to specialize. Writing sentences, a writer chooses words which have various levels of abstraction, and his choice of words generates ‘the changes of the Semantic Networks.’ In other words, the writer carries out ‘chunking-up’, ‘chunking-down’, and ‘chunking-across’ according to the size and range of the Semantic Networks in each level of phonemes, words, phrases, word-phrases and sentences. For every sentence is made by ‘chunking’, it’s possible to describe a certain object in various ways to be read in many different ways. Such ‘chunking’ processes can be formulated in the chart of ‘the ladder of abstraction’, and it can be a very useful method of writing education to draw the charts and analyze. First, students can practice ‘chunking’ in the level of words. Proper words being presented, they can draw charts of the Semantic Networks of the given words and compare them with one another. Second, they can carry out the same process in the level of phrases with adjective or metaphorical phrases in particular. Third, the same practices can be performed in the levels of word-phrases and sentences. Four, students can analyze model sentences selected from literary works by making charts. Drawing ‘the ladder of abstraction’, every sentence can be analyzed in the ‘SOV’ structure. In doing so, students can learn the variety and complexity of the word choice and arrangement which composes the sentences in literary works. Those analyzing practices help to make the writing training more practical and effective than unstructured writing practices or casual reading. And this method shows the students the choice and arrangement in the Semantic Networks or ‘chunking’ carried out in various metaphors and metonymies found in literary works very clearly as well as interestingly, making it a very useful and effective tool in writing education.

A Study on the Creativity Enhancement Through Writing Education -Focusing on the content creation strategy for utilizing the Cultural Content Seo, Yeon Ju The purpose of this study was to help the students increase their creative thinking abilities by applying the content. Teaching strategies for using content to create is more efficient to extend the schema. Scheme 'prior knowledge' or 'background' of the words stored in the memory of man all the knowledge about the world means the totality of experience. To take advantage of this scheme to enable the learning strategies in ask a question, to associate, to predict, infer can be divided into the four. Take advantage of the schema learning strategy motivation of the learner to improve the teaching and learning effective ways can be called. In addition, the eye of the reader methodology utilized to create the schema is also helpful for the top. The diagnosis of a schema using the schema classes and withdrawals - the active phase schema - a schema in a sequential order so that reinforcement is recommended. Step 4 consists of this workshops were writing. From concept stage to collect the first a subject matter by applying them to write short sentences, short article by expanding it further to the process of servo information to produce a strategy to continue teaching and to broaden the scheme to provide content to the section on the captured. Of course, writing courses, which, depending on the nature and class size to an appropriate level will be able to do it. In this study, I suggest a guidance plan for teaching-learning written feedback classified by each that leads to revision more activity and continuously. Aesthetic appreciation, especially paintings to help improve posture and an aesthetic sense of work, listening and collecting information through reflective thinking and exploration, through active interaction to discover beauty in real life, it helps to enjoy. Writing study process, that students of that age make small groups and have conversations and solve problems together, will be model of open education of 21century, that learners actively and voluntarily lead class around learners themselves.

Study of Korean Education with Creative Acticity Korean education defines differently its areas and objects according to the times, subjects and scholars. Korean education can be classified into three parts, the education of mother tongue for local residents, Korean education as the second language and Korean education as the foreign language. In this thesis, we're going to process the study focused on the Korean education as the third foreign language. Korean education as the foreign language is the area of learning which is different with Korean linguistics and Korean pedagogy for Korean nationals. As the targets of education are different, there are many differences in educational purposes, contents and the methodology of teaching-learning. And also, it's fair that the educational objectives should be different according to the learning objectives of educational subjects(learners). In this study, like this, we're going to present the teaching method to read the literary works and to induce the creative activity of learners with the methodological approach to induce the learning motivation in the process of teaching Korean to the foreigners. The literary works are the fruit of a comprehensive culture expressed with a high-class language and applying this to the language education is meaningful. Accordingly, utilizing the literary works for the education can expand its educational scope to the high-dimensional purpose, comprehensive cultural communication through the specialty of Korean beyond the stage and purpose of fragmentary linguistic learning, 'one dimensional reading or understanding' mainly with the grammar or practicality. If combining this and the systematic creative education, the comprehensive education effect of language education can be expected including learners' active <speaking> and <writing>. Creation, this is, writing is the private composition, the materialization of linguistic ability and practicing. Thus, as the form and content which the language has are closely involved with their life problems as well as the literature in the process of learners' active possession and creation, the width of overall understanding on Korean culture will be expanded basically through the creative activity using with Korean. This can increase the thinking ability and logical ability through the learning process to judge the text based on learner's own experiences and understandings. At the point that learning the process to approach, to feel sympathy and to understand other cultures without any repulsion can expand basically to the understanding on the world, we're going to find the meaning of this educational method.