Earticle

This study focuses on Buddhistic view of the world as an alternative for overcoming the modern times, being focused on poems of Jung, Hyungjong, Choi, Sungho and Lee, Eunbong. Buddhistic view of the world is the basic element which provides the poets with poetic imagination. Especially the Buddhistic view of the world is recognized as an alternative paradigm to western instrumental value of the nature and human value. In this context, the pursuit of the aesthetic in respect of Buddhistic view of the world has meaning as alternative reasons for the modern order . The poem of Jung, Hyungjong aims at monistic view of the world. His poem understand the human and the nature in the reciprocal relationship for the mutual survival. Based on his recognition of the world like this, he realizes life poetics. At the base of his life poetics, there, the critical recognition about the human reasons and the negativity of the civilization, are flowing. His poems are to overcome the modern order that causes threats to lives and suggest, as an alternative, the view of life based on mutual survival. Poems of Choi, Seungho assumes the strategical attitude regarding the destruction and the damage to the internal relation between egos and the world. His imagination has the power of spiritual status of quo in order to break the reality and the life. Poems of Choi, Seungho, through Buddhistic imagination, conduct the reflectional introspection about disillusionment and emptiness in the hidden side of modern civilization. In that sense, Poems of Choi, Seungho can be understood in the dimension of the history of civilization where the alternatives to overcoming the modern times are seek. Poems of Lee, Eunbong hold fast to the ethics which looks all the existences equally in the negative realities of fetishism. Buddhistic view of the world, shown by the poet, can be understood as the process for searching the alternatives to overcome the contradictions and the absurdities of the modern times. He tries to overcome the schizoid symptoms of the modern times through the recovery of the interdependent relation between ‘self and other’, between ‘subject and object’and between ‘human and the world’

The world of Kim Jong Sam’s poetry is considered to show a relatively moderate changes in his poetic gradation than other poets. However, his unrevealed poetic world is operated by a intense wave of inner transition. This transition is one of the core intensive quest for Kim’s poetry, and it is the starting point of his poetic journey that consistently exposes his mind of escape and wandering. Kim Jong Sam is a poet who never had been distracted by any of the social phenomena, social chaos, nor the trend of poetical circles of his time. That’s why Kim’s poetic world is dealt as the sphere of a great literary art that holds contestable debates and variety of possibility in interpretations. Kim’s poetry is frequently evaluated to be abstruse to understand. It is on account of his usage of implication such as ellipses and symbols in his poetries. One of the images that comprehends Kim’s poetic characteristics most exquisitely, is the image of sound. To put it simply, there are two aspects of sound image in his poetic world: one is the image of the acoustic sense of sound that actually“ reaches one’ s ear”, and the other one is the image of musical sense of sound. The sound that reaches one’s ear could be generally noted as the search for sound(outer world), in other words, a yearning for the unknown world. This is the first stage that Kim communicates with the world through the medium of sound. The second stage of communication is the recognition of the perceived sound which has an incomplete form of severance and continuance. This recognition of the sound is aroused from the negative perspective on the reality, and it begets the continuous discord and conflict. The discord and conflict is at last resolved and purified though the sound image of “music”. Music is the inductive mechanism for Kim to get an artistic inspiration and to be led to the world of self-conquest. The search for sound, the encounter of continuance and severance, and the world of self-conquest through the musical reasoning is the significant symbol which Kim’s poetic image of sound is containing. The changes in his poetic gradation is the process of poetic search and the journey heading toward the selfconquest.

This study managed to examine violence in modern Korean poetry. Human history is troubled with concrete and intangible violence. From Plato and Aristotle of ancient Greek to Eric Hobsbawm who called 20th century as era of violence are proved. Violence definitely an act of barbarism but spread it widely in a civilized society. If so, Korean literature has logical conclusion that detect and reflect an indiscreet violence in our life. Various literary works that arouse violence are prove it. Nevertheless, previous studies have some limitation. Especially that doesn’t approach to social level and understand accidental phenomena. So previous studies can’t examine in-depth violence that includes origin and category. Besides that understands dichotomous way of right and wrong thus doesn’t understand until in-depth violence and complex contradiction. It is the purpose of this study examine violence in modern Korean poetry. This study examine origin and in-depth of violence through various violence aspect as literary imagination. For this study managed to work of central poet in Korean literature. That will be a preliminary study about structure of violence in Korean literature. At first, this study examine Park Bong-U’s poetry. He faces up to the violence of war and humbug in the anticommunism ideology era. And he has made an effort to overcome anticommunism ideology during his all life. Usually violence is power can be destroy and it’s divided into personal violence and mass violence. Among them, war has double meaning that conflict between personal violence and copower. War is the most violence by ‘zoon politikon’and the most contradictory politics. Because war exert legitimate violence for peace and stability of humankind. The antinomy of war has limitation clearly. Thus war, at the risk of human lives, failed politics regardless of outcome. The Korean war is good example that is intensive violent, deception and the impoverished conditions of the sprit of the times. Park Bong-U’s poetry is configurated that for sharp. In addition, Kim Myeong-In’s poetry suggest phases and results of violence in various. So this remind readers to tragic meaning of violence than anger about violence itself. It’s the keynote of Kim Myeong-In’s poetry that is discriminated from other Korean poetry about violence of war. Hwang Ji-U’s poetry suggest distorted form of the state power. His poetry called spearhead of deconstructing poetry in 1980’s. Nevertheless his poetry have a definite message that raised the suspicions to violence of nation. State and social institutions are macroscopic and structural systems can decide freedom and life of individual according to the principles of public peace and common good. In addition, an educational system teach patriotism to body and mind by collective and systematic diccipline. But the meaning of patriotism to Tolstoy, it is understood in a totally different dimension. Tolstoy recognize nation to evil push the world to destroy and incite desire of people. And he said to infringe upon human rights, not only for beautify and suppression in the name of public authority. Blind force of patriotism and humbug of the nation he mentioned, discovered in Hwang Ji-U’s poetry easily in 1980’s.

The paper has a focus on a digital edutainment storytelling factor by analyzing various spaces of consciousness presented in poems. Summary of the contents are as follows. (1) Shin’s space of consciousness is classified into historical, mythical and democratic·realistic space. This classification is useful as a text with educational value leading us to predict a humanistic life and whole introspection about a life. (2) Shin left 80 pieces of poem during 40 years of his life and he made historical scene which can be understood not as disconnection but as continousness by creating characters who lively participated in space of his works. (3) Shin already widely understood concepts of space, characters and audience, so that storytelling of dramatic poetry form expressed in various genres of literature is of use for edutainment storytelling. (4) Historical space of consciousness in his works is historical consciousness with scenes of The April 19th Revolution and the March 1st Independence Movement as backgrounds. Sin Dong-yup’s future-oriented historical consciousness and his aesthetic works would lead to satisfactory educational achievement in condition of digital media intuitively. In terms of media use of cultural content industry, the method of scenario adaptation needs intensive care and the characteristics of each of the original text and an adapted work would be precisely identified. Some themeparks of writers or works have been established. However, their literariness sometimes could not be properly implemented because of dependence on subjective judgement of the architect in process of the application from the text to space. Considering from this case, configuration needs researchers to read accurately Shin’s original text to implement his literariness and educational value fully. In the future, in edutainment storytelling of Shin Dong-yup’s space, how to establish the space to be built according to the media narrative would be an important factor of success in space edutainment.

Neoliberal globalization and rapid changes in the Korea Society and a variety of mutual influence of foreign cultures has been developed on the subject. Particularly, the United States have influenced South Korea’s culture and our social and economic throughout three years after the liberation war with U.S. military and Korean War. Korean Literature also have changed the impact of information in conflict with the United States, represented by the fusion of Western culture as the embodiment of various literary works have been published. A novel, American culture as a motif, about classified into three types will be able to see. First, according to the U.S. military presence around the region taking place in different cultures (굋文化) with the conflict and dealing with the life of Koreans around the camp towns literature. Second, the diaspora literature with the force of the United States charged to develop a form. Third, the concept of forced migration in the form of voluntary and active with the American dream, according to the immigrant Koreans in the United States emerged as the hero, the immigrant will be able to be classified as literature. The third type of paper belongs to the category of immigrant literature that has an international assessment of the most literary and the Chang rae Lee’s Native Speaker is about the analysis. Native Speaker was released in 1995, ethnic minorities suffer from the confusion of identity as shaped figures around the world literary acclaim Chang rae Lee’s work today has sufficient value and historical realism. Dominated by neoliberal globalization and multiculturalism in a huge wave of emigrants to the United States as the Koreans and the vast minority on earth is a small area of the South Korea should expand its space in the country even though the symbol, there will be a same category. Chang rae Lee made Native Speaker successful in the issue of language as a tool to analyze the identity of immigrants, language and human consciousness structure to express the relationship. Private detective agency, the hero’s occupation is a good installation of this novel. The profession and the background setting also seems to reveal the subject matter can be read by a suitable device. However, John Kang, immigrants who became the ugly hypocrisy set to the location of the crash and a white wife, Lilia’s completeness of the intentional minority writers have their limitations as may be exposed the visible portion.

North and South Koreas have been divided for a long time and are drifting farther from each other. In reality, it is urgent for the people of North and South Koreas to find a way to share national sentimentality and cultural homogeneity. It could be an effective way to use cultural archetype, an important medium that can remind us of the essence of national culture, to overcome the isolation of Koreas and establish the national awareness of coexistence. In this respect, this study examined Nokjokbuin’s Story from the Joseon Dynasty to derive the contents and meaning of archetypical narrative. By doing so, it was possible to discover the problem of modification of Nokjokbuin’s Story in North and South Koreas since the division. and This study analyzed narrative composition and examined storytelling elements to develop Nokjokbuin’s Story into cultural contents. Based on the above discussion, it is concluded that the following issues should be considered when exploring Nokjokbuin’s Story in terms of cultural storytelling. First, it is the fact that Nokjokbuin’s Story is clearly a mythical epic originating from North Korea, but that does not necessarily mean that Nokjokbuin’s Story currently communicated in North Korea is the cultural archetype of this story. As what is currently told in North Korea is actively influenced by North Korea’s ruling ideology, it is not an appropriate cultural archetype that should be used to pursue the cultural unification of Koreas. Therefore, resources from North Korea should not be used as the source of cultural contents storytelling. Second, Nokjokbuin’s Story has many variations just like other mythical epics. Therefore, there is the issue of choosing the right story. Different stories can be selected according to producer’s intent and the type and purpose of cultural contents. However, cultural archetypical contents produced for the people of Koreas to share national sentimentality must be based on the understanding of archetypical epic. This means that archetypical epic must be examined in order to establish the cultural archetype of Nokjokbuin’s Story. The narrative of Nokjokbuin’s Story conveys the archetypical image of Korean people and would be able to help us to rediscover the cultural heritages we have lost in the age of division. Cultural contents storytelling suggests the core base of cultural industry and cultural contents industry in addition to the creation of future oriented culture and employment method of such culture. It is hoped that constant storytelling of the cultural value of archetypical narrative of Nokjokbuin’s Story can help the people of North and South Koreas to share cultural solidarity and look forward to the future age of reunification.

A sentence is the basic unit in every writing. The writing education in sentence-level is the most important and essential course in education. It’s not possible to succeed in genre specific writings before certain understanding of good sentences. However, there are very often found awkward or inappropriate sentences in practice pieces of students in writing classes. The most common types of errors in sentence-writing are as in the following: 1) misuse of inappropriate words, 2) abuse of rather exaggerating, idiomatic or conventional expressions, and 3) overuse of awkward words such as slangs, buzzwords, or technical terms. The students who have used everyday language and haven’t been aware of it typically have these three linguistic habits: 1) using ‘spoken’language, that is, language for speaking and listening, not writing, 2) using ‘everyday’ language being used in everyday conversation, and 3) using ‘ordinary’ language which is commonly or habitually used. But, writing is using‘ written’language that is for reading and writing, language ‘for publication’aiming at being published as books, and moreover seeking for ‘literary’language equipped with a definite individuality of one’s own. If the students are not clearly aware of these differences, they wouldn’t be able to overcome the limitation of the ‘spoken’, ‘everyday’. ‘ordinary’ language in their writings. To deal with that, the priority is that we clearly recognize the differences between ‘spoken’and ‘written’language, between ‘everyday’ language and language ‘for publication’, and between ‘ordinary’ and ‘literary’ language. Secondly, it should be accompanied with the educational process where the students get their compositions revised one by one in detail. The sentence-level writing education should precede lectures on the literary theory or genre specific writing. Finally, students need to be encouraged to read continuously until they get accustomed to the literary language. Because the sentences that are accurate, individualistic, as well as natural can be acquired after one internalizes the writing process to use those literary language not only in writing but in everyday speech. Furthermore, the examples and cases of writing errors and their corrections collected from practice should be accumulated and archived to be references for the writing education. It’s not sufficient to rely on individual educating practices, but securing the examples of common sentence-level errors and the corrections, archiving them as data, and creating useful educational materials from them are much needed.

This thesis aims to study on the strategic of the deconstructed writing of Korean movie Bang-Ja-Jeon. The movie Bang-Ja-Jeon deconstructs traditional storytelling method of classical novel Chun- Hyang-Jeon and switches its description structure to postmodern style. The strategic afresh understands the structure and significance by deconstructing preconceived dichotomous and logocentric thinking. This study considered the descriptive structure of the movie Bang-Ja-Jeon according to deconstructive comprehension. Classical novel Chun-Hyang-Jeon, which is the original work of Bang-Ja-Jeon, is the love story of Chun-Hyang and Mong-Nyong. Bang-Ja-Jeon reconstructs the story of original work, placing Bang-Ja who was the servant of Mong-Nyong for the speaker. That is, not only Mong-Nyong, but Bang-Ja was also looking for Chun-Hyang’s affection. Through the adaptation, Bang-Ja-Jeon rejects logocentric development, that a sole core character leads a whole tale. From the aspect of composition, Bang-Ja-Jeon adopts the frame narrative and lets Bang-Ja speak the events so that it doesn’t follows the plot of the classics but using parodic technique. The deconstruction of characters is the most significant in Bang-Ja-Jeon which is deconstructively written. Bang-Ja-Jeon summons Bang-Ja to the center who was alienated by logocentrism. In consequent, it deconstructs dichotomy between heroes and extras. Bang-Ja loves Chun-Hyang whom Mong-Nyong also loves, and hugs Chun-Hyang earlier than Mong-Nyong. The aristocrats such as Mong-Nyong and Byeon-Hak-Do who aims hierarchy encounter a challenge on their identity and revolution. Contrary, Bang-Ja and women who are surrounding character resist and revolt. Introducing dramatized characters against common ideas, Bang-Ja-Jeon criticizes masculine-centered ideology that is ruling role of the society. In addition, Bang-Ja-Jeon satirizes the general sexual instinct of the humans through women characters who are frank and daring with their impulse and aristocrat characters who frequently says coarse joke. Bang-Ja-Jeon also destructs language. Bang-Ja-Jeon deconstructs binary language of Chun-Hyang-Jeon which integrates the art of aristocrats and commonalties, and expecially commands modern expression including vulgar and secret language. Popping vulgar and secret expression from a historical drama ridicule and damages traditional hierarchy and discipline. Besides, it describes dialogues between an aristocrats and a commonalties, a servant and a master, and a mother and a daughter. That is, a writing which opposes traditional and usual language reflects the writer’s world view which is skeptical on the existence and justifiability of center on logocentrism. The Bang-Ja-Jeon differs and defers the story and significance by perusing Chun-Hyang-Jeon again. For this point of view, the deconstructed writing of the writer of Bang-Ja-Jeon contributed to escaping commonly accepted ideas and extending the sphere of the text. It also has its limit. Bang-Ja-Jeon attaches its importance to appealing to popularity, consequently produce the characters who are already seen on popular dramas, in large quantities again. Especially, Chun-Hyang showed the disposition of famme-fatal in a flash but couldn’t overcome the passivity under male characters, so that it doesn’t present the overthrowing writing against the logocentrism on the original work. About popularity, Bang-Ja-Jeon deconstructs the original work and recontextualizes into erotic code, however, is just immersed in trifling. That is, it didn’t strived for the acquisition of its literary value.

A change that is on the way centering around the digital network takes an effect on creative writing education. The need of students spread out the whole sphere of culture beyond a literary category, and the area of literature also has been linked with other surrounding areas. However, unfortunately, the current literature education could not able to cope with this change. This study suggests two alternatives to overcome this matter. First is to change the aim of creative writing education. So far, the department of creative writing aims at producing traditional types of writers, but this study suggests to nurture ‘storyteller’to cover up diverse aspects that makes stories using literary sensitivity. This reflects the need of learners, reality of university educational environment and a change of social paradigm. Second is to introduce educational scheme to use Web2.0. This applies to a practical educational activity, and a result of endeavor to accept opening and sharing, and participation and cooperation that Web2.0 professes. In particular, this is expected to enhance educational effect too as it communicate with basic spirit of a creative writing. The specific schemes are as follows. An awareness of the need for lifelong education through Web portfolio and a scheme is suggested to progress learner initiative study based on it. And a study scheme to find out problems and solve them through debate and discussion on a Web community is raised. Finally, in liaison with SNS the formation of network and managing plan through cooperation is suggested. These are important factors in the knowledge and information society. Therefore, it is proved that creative writing education by Web2.0 is an epoch-penetrating leading activity. In order to activate such educational schemes, the following matters should be firstly resolved. An infrastructure should be established for utilizing digital network. Secondly, a scheme to reduce the responsibility of instructors should be devised. And finally, a change of learners’awareness to the scope and direction of creative writing, and to the value of university education is required.