Earticle

Dong-Yup, Sin poem 『Kumgang』have the Poetic value as the traditional creative succession. The traditional factors of korean poems are feminine tone, a language to their own and the usage of local language and embodied the national resentment. The former poets showed personal agony with confessional form but Dong-Yup, Shin enlarged into the national problem. He did not think the problem of dividing the country as the conflicts of ideology and cut off between North and South Korea. His poems were influenced by Yuk- Sa, Lee and Young-Yeoun, Han spiritually. In this aspect, his poems succeeded the Korean tradition. According to him, the unification is not only in simple unification but in the recovery of homogeneous. He pursued this aspect in his poems. His poetic value is in the unification literature. His poems have the traditional factors and harmony to recover the national homogeneous. He did not only limit lyric poems but produced also long poems, epics, poetic dramas, and operetta as a new genre. He wrote poetic drama “Shadow on the lips”and made it perform. Through this, he tried to pursue the meeting with literature and the masses. The new genre he tried has the significant value. At the same time he accomplished artistic value. His epic poem “The Gold River”is connected into Dong Han’s “The Night in the Frontier”and Young- Ho, Kim’s “A Poem in the Praise of South Coast.”His epic poems promoted the creation of other epic poems. His poetic world enlarged into the cosmic dimension based on reality. His poem reflects on human being’s innocence based on the thought of life and nature. His poems give strong emotional reflection because they are based original form and transcend the theory. His poems include universality even though they show criticism about the reality.

The meaning of symbols to be constructed for falling down includes nihility. It has been collapsed by the symbol play, specially laughs to integrate the signifiant effectives. We can jump the dichotomy of meaning and awake its contradiction through laughs. Just like the Franois Rabelais’laughs have both yes and no, laughs give us a ladder to jump Logos. Laughs have the eternal color of nihility. In the postscript of The Angels in a Mirror, poetry, the following is mentioned. “My wife’s breath has seeped into all the eighty-nine poems of this poetry. I feel it really. My feeling has the truth.”The signifiant activities full of the feeling restore the poetic talker’s wife parted by the death. The Angel that Les lsakovich Shestov says lives in the Mirror and see him. He and his wife become angels through laughs for the symbol paly to bring. In this poetry, the poet uses a half rest as the symbol to fall down sticking meaning. The half rest joins life to death using laughs for bridgehead. The half rest expresses that the poetic talker’s wish to meet his wife ‘in a bank path’and the present time not to meet her both clash and help each other. The half rest aggravates the survivor’s missing for his wife and maximizes the universality of life that the survivor can live only with waiting. The present time that the poetic talker ruminates on the past with his wife and on the present during her being absent, comes both the Henri Bergson’s time and the carnival time which life and death coexist. The angels are transformed aesthetically as they go and come from the heaven to the earth again and again. His wife becomes an angel and lives in the poetic talker’s life. He feels her body as she is. The angels in his poems come a poem, his wife, and grief simultaneously. This article studies the laughs that the poetic soul’s symbol play creates in The Angels in a Mirror, poetry in the latter term. This paper manifests the aesthetic character of laughs in focus on the symbol play which brings the mirror space change－that the poetic talker exchanges with his dead wife and so destroys the boundary between the survivor and the dead－, the carnival time of the half rest, or the aesthetical metamorphoses of angels. This paper that lights on the laughs’aesthetics will open the new study about Chun-Shu Kim.

Ko Un’s Ten Thousand Lives is a collection of poems comprised of 26 volumes in total, which was first published in 1986. In fact, Ten Thousand Lives is unprecedented in the history of Korean poetic literature with the largest volumes among the anthology of poems written under a single theme. Ten Thousand Lives was written in the process of remembering the characters that a writer met when he was detained in Special Cell #7 at an army prison charged with ‘Conspiracy of Rebellion and Violation of the Martial Law’during the military coup in 1980. What matters is the interest in Ten Thousand Lives itself. At the same time, it is important to bring a new point of view, exceeding the limitation of the previous studies. Characters in various social classes appear in Ten Thousand Lives including neighbors encountered in private space and time, those who have existed in the history and in reality and transcendent and religious beings. In fact, the characters in Ten Thousand Lives are specific and living beings, forming a single community and public ontology. Therefore, as a collection of sequential poems, which has stated the process of being the subject, Ten Thousand Lives can be understood as modern subjects that vividly describe their modern life styles. A question of whether or not Korean modernization has been successful is another question on how much Korean society has preserved the value of civil society. Therefore, the implementation of the value of civil society is still an incomplete project and needs to be carried out through continued interest and criticism. The virtue of Ko Un’s Ten Thousand Lives lies in an attempt to describe the various problems, conflicts, pain and frustrations that occurred during Korean modernization through each character. Ten Thousand Lives sees that an individual is not an isolated being but a subject that seeks for its identity in the process of continuous interrelationship with others. Therefore, Ten Thousand Lives is significant in that it has illustrated the forming process of a Korean civil society. A civil society is the place where an individual wants others to become a leading entity. In other words, it is the space in which mutual recognition and recognition struggle take place. Individual freedom means the freedom free from any disturbance from others. However, this freedom can exist with the existence of others. It is a process of the self? evolution of Korean civil society to witness a variety of social conflicts such as Korean War, the April Nineteenth Uprising and May 16 Military Coup being restored through an individual life. Considering the unique characteristics of a Korean society in which public value and ethics were emphasized and its destructive and sad history, the individual who has the true value of civil society was the character that has been continuously pursued in Korean literature. Therefore, it appears that Ko Un’s Ten Thousand Lives is a narrative picture on the common lifestyle before and after the Korean War and piece of work which is significant in the history of Korean literature with the‘ Discovery of Individual.’

Reviews of short stories Yeom sang-seop awareness of these issues is an extension . However, compared to the previous reviews of the novel is fiction that men and women and the patriarchal ideology of gender identity issues in the search for the authentic ‘individual’is embodied by the problems associated with the differences are. Therefore, a family history of heart about the couple and attention, and gender roles within families rather than individuals as a selfconscious. His novels, especially the ‘everyday reality’that “mansejeon” novels from the last “stand bites”to the diverse and specific circumstances are depicted. In reality, an epic novel of his these grammatical features in grants women the right to exist, people around the structure or gender affiliation romance novels that the talks said that. The female characters in his novel appeared in the dating relationship, or marriage relationship between the target and from men to highlight the reality of an epic strategy will function as a parameter. Women principals in novel Yeom sang-seop Reviews with a focus on personality and personal issues in more detail revealed. This is due to the patriarchal order, women have to endure suffering and exploitation, but from which escape the attention of the people will be starting from. He was the same claim as their own personality or ignored by others can not handle this situation, women who do not give up their individuality, gender ideology, while the diffuse consciousness that is realized. In his story, like those of women in the patriarchal order, with the dissonance is highlighted. Since the 1920s, Yeom sang-seop is the stick through the end of the 1950s, the personal discovery, self-awareness of the modern in terms of epistemology, and is coupled with a lot of speculation. In other words, gender ideology is being questioned in the novel of Yeom sang-seop simply exist within the patriarchal family hierarchy, and women’s issues that cause conflict not only express individuality, self-realization at the level.

This writing reveals the core structure of Vietnam warfare novel, after trying to observe the mutation aspect, and then to achieve the type of Vietnam warfare novel. The Vietnam warfare novel is composed A. Vietnam warfare participation B. Vietnam warfare experience - battlefield C. Vietnam warfare experience - rear service D. return home (after that) with. Based on this constituent unit, the case on a large scale gets divided in three types which will classify a Vietnam warfare novel. I type accomplished with A and B structures. This type is treating the warfare where the general battlefield experience is reflected scrappily. It is correspond to here that the short story which are published at 70’s and among of the full-length novel which are published at 80’s long novels which have the prosecution literature or the character of reportage literature. II type accomplished with B and C structure, the recognition is deepened about warfare and to even the recognition which is essential is advancing. There are representative work The shade of the weapon and The back of beyond the river of Song Ba. These work is many sides grasped essentially about warfare and created with character homology a Korean war and Vietnam warfare form suggestively. III type becomes accomplished with D structures. It takes a most reminiscences format. This type is important matter meeting currently the characteristic of warfare and calls forth the interests which is social and aeration makes. So meaning the Vietnam warfare is coming to be new. Also the novels which treat a Vietnam warfare with subject matter could be created with various aspect. The Vietnam warfare novel shows a homology with Korean war that is war, a colonial control, territorial division, which often causes having the possibility change of a way of looking and the possibility of the recognition which is objective on a division literature. At 1970~80’s, Vietnam War leads from the situation that give the authors to create the novel freely in division circumstances. The Vietnam warfare gives the chance will be able to reflect about the reality which is divided nation in the authors. In conclusion, Vietnam warfare novel will be a possibility of doing, that is the biggest contribution.

This study considered theatrical aesthetics of Korean traditional play as an original experience of storytelling through mask dance and Pansori. From these, our traditional play has been implementing continuously at live site of audiences, which is indicated as having the characteristics of festival and play originated from the origin of its ritual. However, mask dance and Pansori show different feature in their constitutional principle. That is, while Pansori has a periodical description focusing one character, mask dance has a feature of illustrated constitution by majority of expressional characters. Despite of it, these mask dance and Pansori have common things in ultimate aesthetic experience because aesthetic experience pursued ultimately by them through such constitutional principal is the very catharsis through crying and laughing. This catharsis can be said to remove Han and tiredness of daily life with a series of laugh and tear drops and to have new vitality for each of audience. Like this, we can find out original form and experience of storytelling at mask dance and Pansori, but modern writing needs new constitution fitting to modern society and audience, that is, dramatic constitution. Therefore, modern storytelling can be said as the concepts of narration and drama act complicatedly. For understanding storytelling, we should understand both of narration and drama. In aspects of concept for such new writing is related to the concept of oriental traditional play, the need to understand both of oriental and western cultures is suggested. After that, storytelling will be positioned as a form of new writing facing 21st century.

The aim of this thesis is to illuminate what creative technique the writer Cheon Woon Young employed in disclosing the inner world of characters in her novel <Your Sea>and to illustrate the intention, implication and meaning of the story by unearthing the motives of behaviour and psychological problem of characters. <Your Sea> as the novel to deal with the course in which suffering is deepened due to the loss of identity and fail of desire realization in detail,disclosed the inner world through ‘the stream of consciousness’and ‘objective association(客觀的相關物)’technique. The stream of consciousness technique is the technique to illustrate the mentality and emotion of characters through free association with the continuum of everyday life experience not description of the character’s external world. The writer in this novel disclosed, through the stream of consciousness technique, the various types of phenomena experienced by the husband who suffers from somnambulismand is not able to stay at home even after the marriage though he wanted to have a house, and the wife’s difficulty to understand this. In this technique, thoughts of characters themselves are dealt with as a material and due to this, it is a useful method to illustrate the mentality and emotion of characters as the inner existence of a human being is not as logical as seem to be in its appearance. To newly disclose the inner world of characters, the writer also used the objective association techniquethat objectifies the psyche of characters or the theme of work through unique image, symbol, or event revealed through things. The writer revealed the pessimistic worldview of the protagonist who cannot settle down in any place and tragic end through a series of mutually supplementary situations in close and objective association with such things as ‘aquarium’, ‘eel’, and‘ sea’. In otriumwords, the writer sophisticatedly sketched out the inner world of the protagonist disclosing it as untypical by evocating the complicated, delicate feelings of characters through the stream of consciousness and objective association technique, allowing the reader to infer the motivation of problematic behaviours.

Recently, approaches to diaspora are inclined toward an investigation into the diversity of post-structurism focusing on Western theories or into the globalism comprising hybrid multiculturalism. However, it is to be pointed out that the reproduction of and research into the history of exiled diaspora, which may be practical and concrete from the perspective of Western theories, are neglected in Korea which has surely experienced the history of diaspora caused by violence at home and abroad during the ages of colonialism and/or war. In this regard, this study aims to examine artistic works and cultural contents in order to understand how and from what perspective the agonizing experiences of exiled diaspora are reconstructed. To do that, the present author investigated into chivalrous narration, which frequently describes the experiences of diaspora directly or indirectly exiled by violence at home and abroad during the age of colonialism. In short, chivalrous narration is ‘a story of warriors developing through military arts.’Warriors are not an existential being but a practical being which is perfected through a certain mode of actions. Warriors refer to a hero training themselves through training rather than a born hero. So to speak, chivalrous narration is not a story of a born hero but a story of‘ an uncommon process for a common man to be a hero.’It is evident that the surroundings of a common man must be broken in order that he may be a man of special ability. In a painful process of the breaking, exiled diaspora will emerge, break the surrounding world and enhance common men to their next stage. In this sense, this study compared and analyzed the chivalrous contents handed down in China and Korea since the contents well depict the diaspora. It was for the purpose of warning against the discourses on diaspora which are increasingly being distanced from history and of more concretely discussing the exile diaspora historically experienced by Korea. The present author hopes that, in the future, these themes will be more fully investigated by researchers, since this study has just laid the foundation for more diverse discourses to be developed. Anyhow, this study made efforts to pinpoint the fact that diaspora is not an established but moving concept and that each historical writer describes the concept in a different meaning and from a different perspective. In the end, the study found out that Chinese chivalrous contents are the creation of diaspora cultural contents intended to console a ruler. In contrast, Korean chivalrous contents originated from an attempt to replace the suppressed sadness of the ruled classes with the joy of their success. Conclusively, this study is significant in that it suggests the necessity for closely researching into historical descriptions of diaspora, which are different depending upon the viewpoint of the describers. The cultural contents of diaspora shall not be considered and neglected as an historical experience or as what happened in the past but continually investigated in detail even in the future.

Today, in diversified industrial society, we can gain easily information and learn the social phenomena constantly and express our thoughts freely and actively. In the social atmosphere, the new attempt of the destruction and integration became common across the literature as well as across the cultures. A parody is utilized as various forms across the culture. It is created in the area of works as well as the area of the mass media with a certain distance from the original works. Especially, it is used widely in literatures, films, plays and TV programs because the parody is ironical and has characteristic of text-mutuality in that it is made in the mutual relation with the original text. The parody has been one of the strategic deconstructive writing techniques in deconstructive trends from the late 1980s. The parody created in 1980s satirized the capitalistic life and criticized the consumption-culture that stimulates the human desires in ad video and advertising contents. Poets such as You Ha, Park Nam-chul, Oh Kew-won and Ham Min-bok expressed banter on material life and exposed the capitalistic desire being inherent in the advertisements by quoting the advertising video and text to their poems. Especially, the function of the advertisement to express well the characteristic of the capitalism brought the other poetic meanings by means of the alteration and mimicry of the parody. Namely, the parody from advertising to the literature admitted the basis of the original text but, had the critical distance and exposed the problem of the capitalism by rewriting critically or changing the meaning entirely. In modern society, advertisement promotes the sales of company’s products as well as influences with consumers and society. The parody in advertising mainly functions to let the products familiar to a consumer. TV advertising has direct influence and usefulness to viewer in that it has visual and auditory figure at once and the parody from a poem to advertising has characteristic of conversation with a newly created text. The parody using a poem combines poetic sense of emotional figure to messages of the advertising and improves the image of the product. It is included the comical parody rather than the critical parody. A parody is not simple mimicry or quotation but the creative work reflecting writer’s world view or awareness. It requires the innovative creativity and is utilized to more various genres following the revitalization of the reflex media.