Earticle

Emergency loan of bank after disaster is significant to the recovery and reconstruction of stricken area. In this research, the characteristics of emergencies with the requirement of emergency loan are firstly described. The classifications and functions of emergency loan are also explained. Then the criteria including risk assessment of the borrower selection in emergency loan are discussed in detail. The factors for risk assessment are analyzed, and the assessment models for the emergency loan which afforded to both enterprises and individuals are proposed based on AHP method. Finally, the preferential measures and risk control measures are discussed.

The purpose of this paper is to identify the suitable variables and to measure relative importance and priorities among the variables for influencing the effective evacuation in disaster response. There are some factors, such as social capital, crisis communication, responsiveness to make evacuation more efficiently and following the evacuation directions from the authorities. We use the AHP to measure the relative importance among the variables for giving the residents good decision making under the emergency situations. In this paper, first, social capital means the trust between government and residents, and among residents, openness of information about disasters for managing disasters effectively. Second, crisis communication has been defined as actions that share the crisis-related information among the residents participated in the evacuation process during the time of disaster. Third, responsiveness is a sensitive state of government’s responding to the residents’ demand when disaster strikes. In this first stage analysis, the order of relative importance was revealed as follows; social capital → responsiveness → crisis communication. Such results show that social capital for evacuating residents in the disaster-stricken area is more important than responsiveness and crisis communication. For attaining the objective of effective evacuation, it is necessary that securing the social capital is the most important in the context of primary factors. Especially, based on the analysis of whole indices, the priorities are as follows; mutual cooperation → reliability of policy → openness of information → diffusion of information → residents’ familiarity of evacuation → credibility to mass media → convenience on evacuation site → accessibility to mass media → appropriacy of evacuation → accuracy of information → response consistency of government → autonomy in communication.

Typically in many urban cities and neighborhoods across the U.S., low-wealth citizens in low-income communities have had limited access to healthy foods and food sources and thus their food intake are forced to depend heavily on low-quality food suppliers like convenient stores and fast food restaurants. Notably, such food insecurity concerns are especially prevalent in minority communities. The lack of access to healthy and affordable foods is not a natural and accidental phenomenon but the result of policy decisions made at multiple levels by multiple actors. Although a growing number of scholars and practitioners are involved in this “food desserts” issue, there is still a need of more academic research not just on identifying communities with no or distant grocery stores, but also assessing the impact of the lack of food security on health disparity at the local and community levels. In this paper, we examine how people in communities have been affected by inadequate access to healthy foods using cases from Durham, North Carolina which has been plagued by food deserts. We also examine how this unequal distribution of food access has aggravated health disparity status regarding various health-related outcomes at the individual and community levels. Based on the review of the current policy actions to eradicating food deserts, specifically in the city of Durham, North Carolina, we suggest several public policy recommendations for providing better access to healthier foods while developing stable food environments, particularly thorough a public-private partnership as a more efficient and equitable delivery mechanism of healthy and affordable foods to such underserved communities.

The purpose of this study is to search for the conflict management influencing factors based on an organizational perspective and to build a management model for an effective implementation and a successful policy. So, this study attempts to review theories about the conflict management, influencing factors and analyzes find ways to improve the interorganizational conflict management. Based on literature review about conflict management influencing factor, this study propose 4 categories of influencing factors in the disaster management policy implementation. First, the category of law and system, from outside the organization, includes a legislation, a agency, and a supporting system relevant to conflict management. Second, the category of organization, from inside the organization, is comprised of a human resources and budget, a task force team, a will and leadership of chief. Third, the category of operation, from the interorganization relationship, consists of a communication channel, a information disclosure and sharing, reduction of perception gap. Lastly, the category of strategy, as a conflict resolution method, includes a negotiation between the parties, mediation and arbitration by the third party, and a judicial settlement. In order to analyze conflict management influencing factors in the disaster management policy implementation, this study uses the AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique. . And according to the results, the most important factor is a legislation, a will and leadership of chief, a communication channel, a negotiation between the parties in each of category.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the data of vulnerability and to know what kinds of data correlate with natural hazards. The correlation analysis results of these data are that the probability variables of over 1 percent are population density, foreigner rate, forest area ratio, percentage of banks, suicide rate per 100,000 people, death rate, old age rate, percentage of basic livelihood, unemployment rate, proportion of water and sewer supply facility. The probability variables of over 5 per cent are population growth rate, percentage of rivers and the proportion of packing roads. So we have to make complement methods which support vulnerability and decrease the damage of our community.