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This study aims to examine the history, legal character, and limitations of the 'Counterterrorism Directive of the Ministry of National Defense' and propose directions for revising relevant laws to overcome these limitations. The 'Counterterrorism Directive of the Ministry of National Defense' is an administrative rule and internal regulation that cannot serve as a legal basis to infringe upon the basic rights of citizens or restrict their freedom. The 'Counterterrorism Directive of the Ministry of National Defense' is an administrative rule and internal regulation that cannot serve as a legal basis to infringe upon the basic rights of citizens or restrict their freedom. There is also a concern that the overlapping involvement of the Defense Counterintelligence Command and the Criminal Investigation Command of the Ministry of National Defense in counterterrorism investigations could lead to confusion during the initial stages of the investigation. Therefore, it is necessary to revise the relevant laws to ensure legal control over the military's counterterrorism investigations and the collection of information on terrorist suspects, and the reevaluation of the counterterrorism investigative agency for military facilities should be conducted.

In the past, the direct payment program in the agricultural sector predominantly focused on rice, raising concerns about fairness in relation to other crops, excessive rice production, and limitations in terms of enhancing public functions. To tackle these concerns, the Korean government undertook a reorganization of the direct payment program in 2020. This reorganization brought about a substantial increase in the overall amount of direct payment, while also promoting equity among farm households through the introduction of direct payments specifically aimed at small farmers, among other measures. Although the reform of the direct payment program for public interest has generally been acknowledged as successful, it is believed that expanding the optional direct payment program would be a more effective approach to further enhance the value of public interest, which constituted the primary objective of the reform. By expanding the optional direct payment program, greater strides can be made towards achieving the desired improvement in public-purpose value.

The local festival is regarded as one of the important factors which may have economic, commercial, environmental, socio-cultural, psychological, and political effects on residents and also have effects on their social resilience and social capital strength. The purpose of this study is to analyze 'what effect do participants' perceptions have on the safety management provided to the festival?'. The findings show that the safety management perceived by participants who participated in the BTS 'Yet To Come' in BUSAN, a concert for attracting the Busan World Fair 2030 has a statistically significant effect on the sustainability of the festival, while the provision of safety information harms it, indicating that the higher the demand for providing information, the higher the need and the expectation for the safety management service. It would be necessary to specifically make safety management plans at the planning stage, to successfully attract local festivals, to implement transparent safety management policies and provide information in advance, to encourage the acceptance of such policies, and by increasing participants' reliability for safety.

This study aims to find the difficulties and problems faced by government crisis & emergency management in the era of we media and suggest some corresponding countermeasures. In the era of We Media, there are problems in the government crisis & emergency management: the government has not fully integrated social resources and has not yet diversified crisis & emergency management; the importance of crisis prevention and monitoring by using We Media is not high and emergency plans are lacking; not paying attention to the application of we media in crisis prevention and monitoring lack of contingency plans; the government is not transparent about the crisis information. We make the following suggestions: building a government We Media platform to integrate resources; publicizing relevant legal knowledge through We Media; increasing the application of We Media in the crisis prevention stage; mobilizing the power of We Media to release early warning information; increasing the openness of government information.

This study examines the differences in the perceptions, attitudes, and intentions of consumers according to "eco-friendly" labels on products and explores the relationship factors in the current situation where "eco-friendly" has emerged as a topic in society. The findings were summarized as follows: The study analyzed the effects of product perceptions and attitudes on their purchase, recommendation, and behavioral intentions and found that product performance and preference had significant effects on their purchase and recommendation intentions. When there was an eco-friendly mark on products, it had impacts on the intentions of consumers to check usage amounts and their behavioral intentions regarding these amounts. These findings offer data to support the argument that an eco-friendly mark can bring clear differences to the product perceptions and attitudes of consumers and may serve as materials to figure out their propensity to consume in an eco-friendly manner.

This study investigated the effects of impulsiveness, depression and distress tolerance on problematic drinking of undergraduate students. A total of 433 participants took part in the online survey. Problematic drinking had a significant positive correlation with impulsiveness, depression, and a significant negative correlation with distress tolerance. According to the process macro analysis, distress tolerance showed a significant partial mediating effect in the effect of impulsiveness on problematic drinking and the effect of depression on problematic drinking. The moderated mediating effect of gender was significant in the effect of impulsiveness on problematic drinking through distress tolerance, and the influence was greater in male than female. The moderated mediating effect of gender was not significant in the effects of depression and distress tolerance on problematic drinking. These results suggest that gender should be considered in the intervention for problematic drinking, and that it is important to reduce impulsiveness and depressed mood and strengthen the ability to tolerate distress in order to reduce problematic drinking in male undergraduates.