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Youth period has become much longer than before, and difficulties lurk in various areas such as society, economy, jobs, human relationships, and family issues. In order to properly understand the lives of young people and prepare policies that can be understood by young people, we investigated the cases of the European Union's Youth Guarantee System and the AmeriCorps of USA. The EU implemented the Youth Guarantee in 2013, and the United States reorganized its youth policy in 2008, the 20th anniversary of the launch of the Youth Policy Forum. The characteristic of both systems is that they address the problems of youth in general and face the problems of vulnerable groups. Although it may seem a bit loose as a benefit-type policy for the vulnerable, it aims for a long-term strategy based on the inclusion of vulnerable youth in the overall youth population. Our country's youth policy is just getting started. We investigated Seoul City's youth policy, which is known to be the most active among the policies of the central government and local governments in the early stages of the policy. Based on the current policy, we hope to prepare a policy that includes the voices of young people and provides equal support to vulnerable groups.

This descriptive survey aimed to identify factors influencing parenting stress among female married nurses with young children. Multiple regression analysis were conducted using the data obtained from 132 surveys. The variables influencing parenting stress were found to be, in order, work-family balance (β=-.356, p<.001) and "Me Time" (β=-.195, p=.016), with an explanatory power of 16%. Spousal involvement in childcare did not significantly correlate with parenting stress. However, satisfaction with childcare assistance from sources other than the spouse revealed a significant difference, indicating that having satisfactory childcare support, even if not for the spouse, can reduce parenting stress. Female married nurses with young children require support to secure sufficient "Me Time" between juggling work and family along with childcare. In particular, strengthen the social support system is needed that people can maintain their identity through “Me Time.”

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of ADHD tendency on academic burnout in elementary school students, and to verify the multiple medicating effects of parental support and depression on those impacts. From two elementary schools located in capital area, 559 students at grades 4-6 were surveyed about their levels of ADHD tendency, parental support, depression and academic burnout. The survey data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM), and the multiple mediating effect was verified through bootstrap analysis. The results were as follows. First, ADHD tendency had direct and indirect impacts on academic burnout. Second, the multiple mediation analysis indicated that both parental support and depression had mediating effects on the impacts of ADHD tendency on academic burnout. The significance of this study lies in its demonstration that students with ADHD tendencies may exhibit additional academic problems such as academic burnout, and that interventions should go beyond mere academic support to simultaneously address social support like parental support and emotional issues like depression.

Buildings are equipped with fire compartments to prevent the spread of fire. However, the fire compartment regulations in South Korea are simplistic and standardized, and the exception and mitigation also have ambiguous criteria, requiring adaptations to accommodate changes in architectures. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the contents related to exception and mitigation for fire compartments in South Korea and propose to make up for the limitations. To identify limitations, this study investigates how fire compartments are implemented in South Korea and analyze international cases to compare fire compartment regulations. The comparative analysis reveals that domestic exception and mitigation have ambiguous spatial criteria, and international cases solve this issue by specifying regulations based on specific uses. Consequently, this study proposes the need to formulate and detail regulations of exception and mitigation considering both building use type and space characteristics, because of fire hazard levels changed by building use type.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of game-based reading activities on the reading fluency and attitudes of elementary school students from multicultural families with reading difficulties. A multiple probe baseline design across subjects was used with three second-grade elementary school students from multicultural families struggling with reading in order to investigate the effect of game-utilized reading activities on their reading fluency and attitude. After the intervention, it was found that the reading fluency of all participating students had improved compared to the baseline, and their reading attitudes had also changed positively. These results indicate that game-based reading activities are an effective instructional method for improving reading in elementary students from multicultural families with reading difficulties. Furthermore, it suggests that game-based reading activities can be used as a useful instructional method to enhance the reading abilities of these students.

This study was designed to develop and evaluate simulation program on infectious disease disaster management for nurse students. This study explores the efficacy of a simulation-based learning scenario in enhancing the competencies of nursing students in infectious disease disaster management. The methodology involved foundational learning tailored to the four stages of infectious disease disaster followed by a detailed simulation scenario. Reflective thinking was encouraged through debriefing sessions. The findings revealed significant improvements in the students' problem-solving abilities (t=-4.71, p<.001), infectious disease knowledge (t=-3.39, p=.001), attitudes towards infectious diseases (t=-4.49, p<.001), and clinical performance capabilities in infectious disease settings (t=-4.43, p<.001) post-simulation training. This study confirmed that infectious disease disaster management simulation program can enhance problem-solving abilities, knowledge about infectious disease management, attitudes towards infectious disease management, and clinical performance capabilities among participants. Based on these findings, there is a need to expand infectious disease disaster management simulation training for nursing students.

This study aimed to explore whether the experience of being respected at the Regional Center for Children influences the development of career identity through self-esteem and school adaptation. To investigate this, the study analyzed the hypothesized model using responses from 438 first-year middle school students (50.7% male) obtained from the 4th Wave of the second panel of Children's Panel Survey at the Regional Center for Children. The study revealed that experiences of rights being respected at the Regional Center for Children influenced the development of career identity through self-esteem and school adaptation. In other words, higher levels of self-esteem were observed when their rights were respected at the Center, facilitating better school adaptation, and ultimately leading to the development of career identity. The study concluded that the respect of children’s rights at the Regional Center played a critical role in their overall development and outlined implications for future research and practice.

This study aims to identify the effect of a virtual reality (VR)-based isolation patient infection control education program on nursing students' infection control knowledge, awareness, and performance confidence. This research design was a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test research design. The participants were 55 nursing students (experimental group 28, control group 27). Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, the independent t-tests, and paired t-tests with SPSS version 27.0. The VR content included hand hygiene, donning and doffing personal protective equipment (PPE), post-exposure prophylaxis of sharps injury, and disposal of medical waste. The experimental group showed significantly improved in infection control knowledge (t=3.117, p=.003) and performance confidence (t=3.059, p=.004) than the control group,. However, after applying the education program, awareness of the control group showed a more significant change. This VR-based isolation patient infection control education program for nursing students can help increase competency in infection control practice.