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The worldwide crisis and disruptions triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic have highlighted national leaders' critical role in crisis management to ensure sustainable development and national prosperity. This study analyzed the language used by political leaders during the COVID-19 pandemic to examine their decision-making and policy value orientations. Semantic networks were employed to analyze the original text of speeches from official government sites using R and Node Excel programs. We found that progressive leaders focused on responding more dynamically and actively to engage people, while centrist leaders focused on conveying facts using rational words with more composed judgments. The analysis also showed that conservative leaders used words to observe and judge situations rather than to actively respond to changing circumstances. Our results indicate that leaders' political orientation affects their countries' crisis management, and these findings provide a basis for future analyses of relationships between leaders and crisis management.

We examined to what extent the economic and political factors influence policy ideas by deconstructing the economic policy direction reports into words. In this study, the economic factor was set as the economic growth rate, and the political factor was government change. We empirically tested whether economic and political factors affect policy ideas using text mining, correspondence analysis, and ANOVA. The empirical analysis results show the economic policy direction report forms the basic framework of the idea by centering on a few keywords that appear repeatedly, and the words as ideas constantly reemerge or mix in competition with each other. The results provide empirical support for recent scholarship focusing on the perceptions and ideas of actors and the interactions of economic and political factors. This study is meaningful because it empirically tested the importance of policy ideas affected by economic and political factors. Institutional change analysis suggests the possibility of empirical tests and micro-level analyses, such as actors, ideas, and institutions. The logic structure is expected to be refined in the future.

On April 4, 2019, the forest fire that spread simultaneously to five cities and counties, including Inje, Goseong, Sokcho, and Gangneung and Donghae, on the east coast of Gangwon-do, was extinguished at an early stage. It is regarded as the result of the response with full force of Korea Forest Service, National Fire Agency, Militray, and other related organizations. However, it is also true that the limitations of current forest fire response system and the operation of forest fire response personnel, facilities and equipment were revealed in the process of responding Gangwon forest fire. To find solutions to these problems, from March 3 to April 2, 2021, a survey was conducted with firefighters, forest officials and residents in Gangwon-province with experience in forest fire on a total of 29 questions about Law and Policy, Forest Fire Response System and Operation of manpower and equipment. Based on the results of the survey and literature research, an improvement plan for the Forest Fire Disaster Response System was sought. Based on our survey results, we propose the following measures to improve South Korea's forest fire response system in the future. ; the incident command system should be unified, forest authorities' forest fire prevention and management system should be further strengthened, and forest fire response system must be improved to the level of other major countries through better legislations.

Energy Storage System (ESS) is a facility that can store electricity and supply power when needed, and is a very necessary element for new and renewable energy generation. Thermal runaway fires can occur due to various causes in ESS. These fires can cause different damage depending on the building structure and other building disaster prevention facilities. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the fire risk by deriving the frequency of occurrence of the cause of fire in the ESS and checking the severity factor that determines the damage scale. In this study, fire risk assessment of ESS was performed using risk matrix method. The risk assessment was conducted based on data collected based on fire cases and field investigations. Through risk assessment, it was confirmed that the main causes of ESS fires were EMS/BMS errors and battery abnormalities. In addition, as the structure of the ESS building is fire-resistant, the fire compartment is set, and the separation distance between battery facilities is larger, the damage caused by a fire is smaller.

The purpose of this study is to assess the level of disaster vulnerability of foreigners in Korea and identify the relationship between economic support, educational support, disaster resource support, information support, psychological support and disaster resilience of foreigners and suggested a strategy to improve disaster resilience. As a result of the analysis, it was found that economic support, educational support, disaster resource support, information support, psychological support has a significant effect on disaster resilience of foreigners. Based on these research results, the policy implications to improve disaster resilience are as follows. First, it is necessary to give disaster relief fund to foreigners. Second, it is necessary to provide disaster information in as many languages as possible. Third, it is necessary to explain the essentials of disaster evacuation and the location of the shelter through the manual. Fourth, it is necessary to provide psychological services to foreigners.