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This study applies the country of manufacture theory into the cosmetics industry to find if the country of manufacture (COM) affects consumers’ product attitude and if some factors moderate this effect. It uses innisfree Air Cushion, a Korean cosmetic made in China as a research object. That is, it uses an object whose COB is Korea, and whose COM is China. The first objective of this study is to examine if the COM has an effect on consumers’ product attitude. Second, it examines if product involvement and brand familiarity have effect on consumers’ product attitude as important marketing factors. Third, it examines if the product involvement and brand familiarity could relieve the negative relationship between the COM and product attitude. The findings are similar to most previous studies. It tells that the country of manufacture is still significant to Chinese consumer’s attitude towards cosmetics products, and product involvement has a positive relationship with product attitude is consistent with those of previous studies. However, the finding shows that product involvement does not moderate the effect of the COM on product attitude. Our hypothesis that brand familiarity is significant to consumer’s product attitude and moderate the COM attitude on product attitude in the negative direction is not rejected. When consumers are familiar with the brand, they usually have a positive product attitude. The brand also moderates the COM effect negatively so that if brand familiarity is high, they may have relatively positive attitude towards the product regardless of COM effect. High brand familiarity and brand awareness is the most important factor for marketing managers of multinational companies.

In 2007, Li Keqiang, who was the secretary of the Liaoning’s provincial CCP committee then, presented a new method to evaluate economic growth. In 2010, The Economist summed it up to a new economic indicator and named it as Li Keqiang index. Since Li was to be the Premier of the State Council of China, Chinese economists began to study Li Keqiang index with two research directions. One of them is to prove correctness of Li Keqiang index; another is for putting forward policy recommendations. This study reviewed these literatures to make judgments on the methodologies of the papers. As this study’s conclusion, this study indicated that Li Keqiang index is an advanced and innovative indicator when we used it to evaluate the Chinese state of economy. Because either the necessary for local government performance, or the problem caused by repeated measures inevitably leads to China GDP is overrated. Li Keqing index using the data which are from three different departments gives the overall evaluation of the China economy situation. It can cover the shortage of GDP greatly. However, we do not suggest making economy police on basis of Li Keqiang index. Based on the present literature methodologies, most literature caused the regression analysis that used GDP as a dependent variable and variables involved in Li Keqiang Index as independent variables. It results in failure to cast off the influence of GDP. And these literatures checked the causality between variables with the Granger Causality Test method. However, this method ignored the limitation of Granger Causality Test method. That is the reason why we do not suggest making economy police on basis of Li Keqiang index, even we approve Lei Keqiang index is an advanced and innovative indicator when we used it to evaluate the Chinese state of economy.

In April 1991, the 4th session of the 7th National People’s Congress approved the State Council’s Report entitled "The Ten-year Layout for National Economy and Social Development and 8th 5-Year plan". This Plan marked the start of a new phase in China's development. The national economy maintained its growth momentum during this time. GDP in 1995 reached 6 trillion yuan, 2.8 times than that in 1991. Significant achievements were also made in the reform of the economic system. Policy finance and commercial finance were gradually separated. A macro regulating system emerged, and the market started to play a more major role in resource allocation. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the footing of the 8th 5-year plan(1991-1995) and derive the corrrelation between Socialist Market Economy in China through the evaluation. To this end, I had looked at the background and process of 8th 5-year plan in China first, followed studying the organization method and the features of Socialist Market Economy in China. Also, assessed the plan by analyzing the problems and achievements as basis. Based on this, the implications with the plan were derived at the conclusion of this paper. The first, the powerful leadership of Deng Xiaoping overcome every obsticle to print 8th 5-year plan, including TianAnMen bloody accident, reccession of the 7th 5-year plan and distortion of economy system. Second, the idea and concept of 8th 5-year plan reflect to Socialist Market Economy of China which started in earnest from 1994. Third, during the footing period of 8th 5-year plan, the government, Communist Party and enterprise share the common perception that Socialist Market Economy should contain what kind of core contents.

China’s foreign aid to education is one of the core elements of Chinese International development cooperation. China shares similarity with Korea in international assistance experience, which is acting from a recipient country to a donor country. During years of development activities, educational assistance accounts for remarkable proportions of both of the countries. With the steadily incremental demand expectation of educational assistance, balancing breadth of studies instead of simply increasing quantity is vital in order to improve the expected effect on educational assistance. Therefore, to find reasonable orientations for future research, a comprehensive review and trend analysis should be implemented for all studies conducted so far. The purpose of this study is to understand characteristics of research on China’s foreign aid to education, by analyzing the research trends, and to provide rational suggestions and implications for future studies of both China and Korea. With this purpose, 180 papers, according to academic journals on international-collaboration in education from 2000 to 2015, were selected from CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) and considered following criteria: published year, purpose of projects, study themes, projects procedure and objects. The results are as follows: First, numbers of theoretical analyses and positive analyses are experiencing an annually growth. The preference of theoretical analyses is devoted to introduction and discussion of development and collaboration. However, research related to corresponding model development is far from sufficient. Conversely, studies on model implementation, effect and feasibility are abnormally well developed. Second, higher education is most commonly discussed while few studies have been conducted on secondary education. Closer inspection indicates that plenty of journals are focused on teachers’ training session. Third, studies on educational assistance environment have been consistently carried out while competence development research appears to be noticeably insufficient. Last, as the main object of china’s foreign aid plan, Africa area is the focal point of related studies. Moreover, Japan and U.S. are served as major reference for casa and policy research.

Northeast Asia is an important strategic region and it is widely accepted as the world’s next economic growth pole. Thus this region’s economic integration has attracted many powerful countries’ attention. The major powers in this region consist of South Korea•USA•Japan alliance, North Korea, China, Russia etc. These powers’ attendance has made Northeast more complicated and difficult to balance their interests. Not only China, but also South Korea, and even North Korea have their own interests in economic development and social progress. But so far North-east Asia is still suffering from North Korea’s nuclear weapon and missile threat, and can’t comfortably breathe the fresh air of peace and development which needs North-east Asia’s economic integration to build up new economic growth pole. However peace and development are still Northeast Asia’s mainstream. China actively proposed “The Belt and Road Initiative”, which consists of 6 economic corridors. These corridors are China’s major cooperation plans with surrounding countries and are the new times’ international cooperation mainstream. Among them, China-Pakistan economic corridor is prosperously proceeding, and China-Mongolia-Russia corridor is in active discussion. After China’s The Belt and Road Initiative was proposed, some scholars have researched possibilities of proposing Northeast Asia economic corridor, which yet is still in primary research period. Both China and South Korean scholars have shown great interests in this corridor related theory. This paper firstly reviewed the related researches and pointed out their shortcomings, secondly elaborated the research background which is transboundary economic corridor theory, then analyzed the formation basis of Northeast Asia and China-Pakistan Economic Corridors using the comparison method, at last this paper pointed out the implications for Northeast Asia economic corridor. According to the analysis, this paper has found their formation basis characteristics and then put forward implications for Northeast Asia corridor development, which can give Northeast Asia corridor some good points on how to start a new economic corridor and to balance the participating countries’ interests.

Since its entry into the WTO in 2001 and its opening-up of the parcel service market in 2005, China has continued to make changes in its parcel service industry and seen the industry explosively growing thanks to the increase in the number of the Internet users and its huge population. In this regard, this study took notice of the development process of China's parcel service industry, analyzed its characteristics, and tried to accurately examine its current status. The study classified the development process of the Chinese parcel service industry into four stages as follows: The first is the introduction stage, where Chinese postal EMS and foreign capital-based parcel service companies were created from 1979 to 1992. The second is the opening-up stage where Chinese private parcel service companies were born from 1993 to 2005. The third is the growing-up stage where various laws and numerous parcel service companies were formed from 2005 to 2015. The fourth is the development stage, where the parcel service real name system drastically improved the service from 2015 to the present. The current study found that Chinese parcel service industry was characterized by the coexistence of three corporate types related to foreign capital, the 4-type classification of the 4 largest business, and the development of the coastal regions from 1979 to 2005. However, the study found that the industry was characterized by the predominance of private companies, the 3-type classification of business, and the development of the 3 largest regions, with the enactment of various laws and regulations for about 10 years since 2005. In this respect, it is thought that Korea should seek more realistic strategies for entering the Chinese market and also take into account the predominance of private companies, the 3-type classification of business, the development of the 3 largest regions, etc.

Today's fast paced corporate environment requires highly skilled professionalism of organization member and organizational structure becomes simplified, non-hierarchical and horizontal. As an individual's autonomy and creativity are considered very important, the empowerment of organization members becomes more important. This study indicated that formational leadership, trust of leader can make organization members achieve the performance beyond expectation rather than the expected performance by empowering members effectively to reform these circumstances in the corporate and increase the effectiveness of the organization and its members. In addition, this study showed how formational leadership influences trust of leader and how the formed trust of leader affective commitment and organizational citizenship behavior as organizational validity. Also, the study perceived what the mediating roles of the trust of leader and the perceived organizational support between the transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior and analyzes how the transformational leadership ultimately brings the significant results on the affective commitment of the members and organizational citizenship behavior. In conclusion, the result of the study have shown that the transformational leadership as an independent variable have significant influence on both affective commitment and organizational citizenship behavior as dependent variable based on the recent study on the transformational leadership and the study have verified whether the trust of leaders plays a role of parameter in the relation between the transformational leadership and the affective commitment. Also, the trust of leaders plays a role of parameter in the relation between the transformational leadership and the organizational citizenship behavior.

In the field of knowledge work, there is little previous research about knowledge hiding. In this study, the participants comprised 187 employees from a large Internet company in Shenzhen in China. The relationships among their playing dumb, rationalized hiding, evasive hiding, knowledge self-efficacy, task performance, and creativity were examined using SPSS, AMOS, and Bootstrapping. The purpose of the study is to empirically investigate the impacts of knowledge hiding on creativity and task performance. At the same time, according to the antecedent research, we think it is necessary to measure the effect from all of the factors of knowledge hiding (including playing dumb, rationalized hiding and evasive hiding) on creativity and task performance. Moreover, the mediating role of knowledge self-efficacy in the relationship between knowledge hiding and creativity is also measured in present research. The results show that first, rationalized hiding has a significant relationship with knowledge self-efficacy as well as evasive hiding behavior. Second, the relationship between knowledge self-efficacy to creativity is positive significantly as well as the relationship between knowledge self-efficacy to task performance. Third, as predicted, knowledge self-efficacy mediates the relationship between rationalized hiding to creativity, the relationship between rationalized hiding to task performance, the relationship between evasive hiding to creativity and the relationship between evasive hiding to task performance significantly. Finally some practical recommendations to develop the knowledge self-efficacy for Chinese employees were suggested.

In this study, we analyze the foreign direct investment in the Asian region, which has the closest geographical proximity to China and has the largest number of investment countries. Foreign direct investment by Chinese companies in Asian countries was $ 1.5 billion in 2003 and $ 84.99 billion in 2014. 53% in 2003 and 69% in 2014, Asian countries account for the largest portion of China's foreign direct investment. The analysis method was panel unit root test to verify the stability of the data. Panel cointegration was used to test whether there was a stable long-term equilibrium relationship between the data. Next, long-term model analysis, panel Granger causality test and vector error correction model analysis were performed. Long-term model analysis shows that China's foreign direct investment in Asia has a positive effect on exports to the target countries. And the economic growth of the target countries seems to have an effect on China's export growth. According to the results of Granger causality analysis, it is shown that Chinese companies' foreign direct investment in Asia is influential on the export of Asian countries in time lag 1 and time lag 2. Chinese exports to the Asian countries and foreign direct investment seem to affect GDP in Asia. Therefore, the foreign direct investment of Chinese enterprises in the Asian countries has a positive effect on the export of Chinese enterprises. And foreign direct investment by Chinese firms in Asian countries has a positive effect on the GDP of the target countries. China's foreign direct investment in Asian countries can be regarded as a positive-sum game by contributing to the growth of China's exports and the economic growth of the target countries.

Since the reform and opening up in the 1970s, China has turned into the world′s 2nd largest by GDP. During that time, the Chinese social security system has also been greatly changed. In the case of basic medical insurance system which is composed of Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance, New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance, and Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance, the total coverage of medical insurance has dramatically expanded from 8.4% in 2003 to 97.5% in 2014. The aim of this paper is to investigate the state of equity, which is the central value of social security system. There are so many controversies in concept and criterion for equity. But in this paper, equity is understood as a subordinate concept and coordinating principle of equality. In applying to the Chinese medical insurance system, equity is divided into the following two aspects: 1) ex ante equity which is similar to equality of opportunity; and 2) ex post equity which is similar to equality of outcome. Ex ante equity is operationalized as eligibility and compulsoriness of enrollment, equal contribution and average medical insurance funds per capita, and equal distribution of medical resources between rural and urban areas. Ex post equity is operationalized as equal rate of insurance benefits, equal level of insurance benefits, and the equal ratio of medical expenditure to income. According, research findings, since the expansion of the medical insurance system in 2003, people have less benefitted than urban people. Thus, this paper concludes that the Chinese medical insurance system has the problem of disparity that is against the critical value of the system itself. In addition, it expresses a concern about the dysfunction of the medical insurance system, thus contributing to working as a social stratification mechanism, and reflecting and reinforcing existing inequalities or cleavages in the Chinese society.