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Digital transformation serves as a critical catalyst for innovation, enabling enterprises to enhance their adaptability and competitiveness in the digital economy. This study investigates the impact of corporate digital transformation on innovation vitality using a dataset of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2020. Specifically, it examines how digital transformation influences both substantive and symbolic innovation vitality while considering the moderating role of environmental policy uncertainty. The findings demonstrate that digital transformation significantly enhances innovation vitality, exerting a stronger influence on substantive innovation than symbolic innovation. Substantive innovation, characterized by advancements in core technologies and products, benefits from the integration of digital technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, and blockchain into enterprise operations. Symbolic innovation, which focuses on improving brand image and market position, is also positively impacted, albeit to a lesser extent. Environmental policy uncertainty further amplifies the effects of digital transformation, creating opportunities for enterprises to leverage digital tools in navigating dynamic regulatory environments. Under high levels of uncertainty, digital transformation enhances substantive innovation by fostering organizational resilience and optimizing resource allocation. Conversely, the same uncertainty weakens its influence on symbolic innovation, as firms prioritize tangible outcomes to mitigate risks. These dynamic highlights the nuanced interplay between digital capabilities and policy environments, underscoring the adaptability required for sustained innovation. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of how digital transformation interacts with environmental uncertainties to influence innovation vitality. It underscores the dual pathways substantive and symbolic through which digital transformation drives enterprise competitiveness. Additionally, the findings offer practical implications for managers and policymakers by emphasizing the importance of cultivating digital capabilities and aligning them with strategic objectives to optimize both types of innovation. By addressing the role of environmental policy uncertainty, this research provides valuable insights for developing effective digital transformation strategies, particularly in uncertain and volatile contexts, thereby supporting enterprises in achieving sustainable growth.

Based on the Theory of Reasoned Action, this study develops a comprehensive model to investigate the influence of transformational leadership (TL) on internal knowledge transfer (IKT) within project teams. In this model, TL is considered the independent variable, IKT is the dependent variable, and employee creativity (EC) is the mediating variable. Furthermore, the study examines the moderating effect of power distance (PD) on the relationship between TL and IKT within teams. To address these research objectives, the study adopts a quantitative research design, collecting data through a structured survey questionnaire distributed to employees in manufacturing enterprises. The sample comprises 308 respondents, representing diverse roles and hierarchical levels within project teams, providing a robust dataset for analysis. Hierarchical regression analysis was employed as the primary method to test the proposed hypotheses, allowing the researchers to examine both direct and indirect effects within the model and the moderating influence of power distance. Additionally, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to validate the measurement model, ensuring the constructs were appropriately captured. The findings indicate that TL significantly and positively impacts employees' willingness to participate in IKT processes. It demonstrates that TL fosters a collaborative environment conducive to knowledge sharing among team members. Moreover, EC partially mediates the relationship between TL and IKT, highlighting the importance of creativity as a mechanism through which leadership styles influence knowledge-sharing behaviors. Additionally, the study uncovers that power distance negatively moderates the positive effect of TL on employees' willingness to transfer knowledge. In contexts where PD is higher, the positive influence of TL on knowledge-sharing behaviors may be weakened. These findings contribute to the existing body of literature by offering new insights into the interplay between leadership styles, employee behaviors, and knowledge management processes within organizations. They also provide actionable recommendations for organizations aiming to enhance their IKT practices. Specifically, companies can focus on developing leadership strategies that encourage creativity and reduce hierarchical barriers to foster a culture of knowledge sharing. By understanding these dynamics, businesses can improve employee engagement in knowledge transfer activities and optimize the overall effectiveness of IKT processes within project teams.

Digital finance is increasingly acknowledged for spurring consumer demand and facilitating shared prosperity among diverse groups. Nevertheless, there is still a conspicuous research void regarding its impact on young and middle-aged populations, who constitute the core consumers in the current digital economy. To fill this gap, this paper attempts to conduct an empirical test based on the survey data on digital finance usage and consumption status among young and middle-aged people in Zhejiang Province, a major province in the digital economy. It comprehensively employs methods such as structural equation modeling, mediation effect testing, and multi-group analysis to investigate the influence relationship and internal mechanism of digital finance on the consumption behavior of young and middle-aged groups. Additionally, this study explores the mediating role of emerging consumption concepts in shaping these effects. The research findings disclose four key points: (1) Digital payment, credit, insurance, and investment have significantly promoted the consumption of young and middle-aged people, especially digital credit, which has optimized the consumption structure. (2) Different consumption paradigms mediate the influence of digital finance on consumption behavior, such as the latte consumption concept, excessive consumption concept, and intelligent consumption concept. (3) Digital payment and credit mainly enhance the consumption level of the young, while investment and insurance have a greater impact on the middle-aged group. (4) Digital finance has a more significant impact on consumption in rural and less economically developed areas, especially digital credit. The research of this paper enriches the theoretical research on digital finance and consumption behavior and provides theoretical basis and policy suggestions for the optimization and upgrading of China's consumption structure as well as the formulation and improvement of consumption policies.

This study explores the critical relationship between terrorist attacks and international trade security within the geopolitical environment surrounding China. Amid the deepening interdependence of the global economy, maintaining trade stability has become increasingly important, especially as terrorist attacks pose significant threats to bilateral trade, supply chains, and economic growth. These attacks represent a deliberate disruption to national and regional peace, stability, and prosperity. Utilizing a gravity model framework and panel data from 2000 to 2020, this research assesses the impact of both domestic and transnational terrorist attacks on trade flows between China and 13 neighboring countries, offering insights for safeguarding trade development and mitigating the adverse effects of terrorist attacks on trade security. The development of bilateral trade between China and neighboring countries is highly sensitive to terrorist attacks. Both domestic terrorist attacks and transnational terrorist attacks have significantly reduced bilateral trade between China and neighboring countries. Compared with domestic terrorist attacks, the negative impact of transnational terrorist attacks on trade is more obvious. With the development of bilateral trade, a higher level of economic development can effectively mitigate the negative impact of terrorist attacks on trade, but military spending does not significantly mitigate the negative impact of terrorist attacks on trade. Although the cultural distance between the two countries increases the information asymmetry, it weakens the path of risk spillover, thus mitigating the negative impact of terrorist attacks on trade. In conclusion, this study provides empirical support for the development of bilateral trade between China and neighboring countries under terrorist attacks. Terrorist attacks and trade are inseparable in the geopolitical field, affecting bilateral economic and trade cooperation and development. To maintain trade security and combat terrorist attacks, we need to balance military spending and economic development. While greater cultural distance can mitigate some of the shock of terrorist attacks, it can also pose challenges to trust and communication that must be addressed through multilateral agreements and standardized cooperation to reduce the negative effects of cultural differences. It encourages future research to explore the interaction between terrorist attacks in different regions and trade security under more complex geopolitical risks, creating sustainable bilateral trade.

Motivation has an important impact on teachers’ continued learning. This study aims to investigate the motivations and learning characteristics of in-service teachers in Chinese higher vocational colleges who pursue doctoral degrees. It seeks to understand the factors influencing their academic journey and how these insights can inform policy and institutional support. A qualitative approach was adopted, involving semi-structured interviews with 22 in-service teachers from various academic disciplines and professional roles. The data were analysed using grounded theory, focusing on identifying key themes related to motivations, learning behaviours and challenges. The study identified four primary motivations: career development, academic achievement, institutional policy incentives, and personal growth. Learning behaviours were characterized by high levels of autonomy, proactive resource utilization, and goal-oriented study approaches. However, challenges such as balancing teaching responsibilities, family roles, and academic requirements were significant. Female teachers, particularly those with children, experienced higher levels of stress. Effective time management strategies and institutional support were found to be critical for success. Overall, the above studies present different cases of in-service teachers in higher vocational colleges pursuing doctoral degrees. These teachers have diverse motivations, learning situations and methods for pursuing doctoral degrees, and they are also under diverse pressures. The findings suggest that vocational colleges and policymakers should provide flexible learning arrangements, enhanced resource support, and targeted interventions to address time and stress management challenges. These measures can help teachers successfully pursue their academic and professional goals while maintaining balance across personal and professional domains. This research contributes to the limited body of literature on the motivations and learning behaviors of in-service teachers pursuing doctoral studies in vocational education settings. It offers actionable recommendations for institutions to better support this group, thus advancing both individual and institutional development. But it is also required to broaden the breadth of research samples, raise the diversity of research data, and deepen the analysis and exploration of influencing factors, all of which will improve the applicability of in-service teachers pursuing doctoral studies.

The study used data from the 2021 Chinese General Social Survey to investigate how media use and social trust impact public perceptions of environmental risks. Factor analysis categorized these perceptions into directly perceptible living environment risks and indirectly perceptible ecological environment risks. The study analyzed the effects of various media sources (newspapers, TV, internet, mobile phones) and types of social trust (interpersonal trust, media trust, political trust) through multi-level regression analysis. The results showed that younger urban residents and those with higher education levels generally have a greater awareness of environmental risks. Traditional media, especially newspapers, were positively correlated with heightened environmental risk perception. However, the study found no clear evidence of the impact of internet and mobile phone information on risk perception. Future research should explore new media platforms, such as social media, for a deeper understanding. Regarding interaction effects, the study revealed that both types of environmental risk perceptions are significantly influenced by trust in newspapers, media, and politics. A negative interaction effect was observed between trust in newspapers and the media, suggesting that higher media trust can reduce the impact of newspaper use on risk perception. Since trust in newspapers was not measured separately, the variance in media trust likely contributes to this negative effect. Conversely, trust in newspapers and political institutions showed a positive interaction effect, where political trust amplified the influence of newspapers on environmental risk perception. This indicates that when newspaper information is perceived as supported by political institutions, it gains credibility and increases public awareness of environmental risks. The study underscores the importance of fostering social trust through more flexible regulations on media information and enhancing government transparency. Such efforts can help the public develop a more balanced understanding of environmental risks and lead to more effective communication strategies in the future.

The purpose of this study is to analyze consumer reviews of the Chinese retail company Temu to understand consumer perceptions of the platform. To achieve this, the study employed topic modeling, a text mining technique, to explore how consumers perceive Temu. A total of 1,897 reviews were collected from the Google App and Google Temu Web. Using frequency analysis, key terms were extracted from consumer reviews to identify important topics, with prominent keywords including delivery, price, product, item and purchase. These findings highlight frequent mentions of delivery, price, and product-related content. The study also examined consumer sentiment toward Temu, identifying positive sentiments such as satisfaction, excellent, and gratitude, and negative sentiments like worst, annoyance, and defect. Topic modeling revealed four main topics. The first topic, labeled “Delivery and Price,” showed that consumers perceive Temu as providing fast delivery and affordable prices, suggesting the effectiveness of Temu's strategy to offer a variety of products at low costs. The second topic, “Advertising and Event Awareness,” indicated consumer recognition of Temu’s friend-invitation events and free product promotions. The third topic, “Purchase and Service,” highlighted consumers’ strong awareness of Temu’s 90-day free return and refund policy. The fourth topic, “App Experience and Customer Response,” reflected concerns about Temu’s Chinese origins and challenges in app usability. This study provides insights by utilizing topic modeling instead of traditional surveys to capture consumer perceptions and analyzing sentiment from post-purchase reviews that express genuine emotional responses. Additionally the study classified consumer sentiments toward Temu as either positive or negative to gain insight into overall consumer attitudes. Practical implications suggest that consumers may experience fatigue from excessive advertising and events, and underscore the need to enhance customer service after purchases. Future research could explore the relationship between topic scores in reviews and consumer ratings of Temu, providing further meaningful insights.

Chinese TV dramas featuring female protagonists have rapidly emerged in the era of new media, and their unique structural patterns and communication logic have become the focus of academic attention. This type of TV drama uses pre narration techniques, especially implicit pre narration such as divination and divination pre narration, as well as explicit pre narration such as prophecy pre narration and personality pre narration, to lay an extraordinary destiny trajectory for the female protagonist. It not only enhances the legendary color and mystery of the story, but also constructs a rigorous and fascinating narrative structure. In terms of structural patterns, Chinese leading female dramas often adopt a bead like structure, showcasing the growth and transformation of the female protagonist through a series of closely connected events. This is similar to the structural patterns of Korean leading female TV dramas, both emphasizing the personal growth and emotional journey of the female protagonist. However, the trend of singularity in Chinese female lead TV dramas has also brought about problems that cannot be ignored. Excessive reliance on the main female lead mode leads to serious homogenization of the work, and the excessive amplification of the protagonist's aura weakens the presence of other characters, affecting the balance and depth of the story. At the same time, excessive focus on the delicate depiction of individual emotions neglects the in-depth exploration of macro backgrounds such as social structure and historical culture, which limits its ability to play a leading role in social and cultural development. Therefore, a single love culture mainline is difficult to support a comprehensive and diverse social and cultural narrative framework, and it is difficult to stimulate the audience's attention and thinking on broader social issues. To optimize the development of Chinese female lead TV dramas, it is necessary to draw on successful international experiences, innovate narrative techniques and structural models, pay attention to the diversity and depth of character shaping, and strengthen attention to and reflection on social reality. At the same time, we should actively explore the deep integration path between the female lead drama and social, cultural, and historical backgrounds, and construct a more comprehensive, three-dimensional, and diverse social and cultural narrative system to better meet the spiritual and cultural needs of the audience and promote the sustained and healthy development of the Chinese television industry.

This study leverages internal road traffic data from the central urban area of Yanji to examine the state of traffic supply, utilizing methodologies such as space syntax and geographical detectors. A comprehensive analysis is conducted on housing price data from multiple residential communities alongside transportation accessibility, which is quantified using space syntax techniques. This approach offers valuable insights into the relationship between residents' living comfort and their travel convenience. The study specifically identifies the radius of transportation accessibility that residents prioritize in their daily lives. Based on this, a thorough evaluation of the traffic supply in the central urban region is carried out, and areas facing insufficient traffic infrastructure are clearly pinpointed and visualized through mapping. The results indicate that the road proximity index, one of the key parameters derived from space syntax, is the most effective in explaining variations in housing prices, demonstrating a significant positive correlation. Further, geographical detector analysis reveals that the radius of 10,000 meters is the distance most residents are concerned about regarding transportation accessibility. Moreover, combining the 10,000-meter radius with the 1,500-meter radius yields the highest q value in the traffic supply assessment, suggesting that the planning of infrastructure within the 1,500-meter range should be prioritized. This distance corresponds to a typical walking distance, allowing residents to meet most of their daily needs without long travel times, which would ease the overall pressure on the urban traffic system. On the other hand, the 10,000-meter radius, related to automobile travel, requires further improvements in traffic infrastructure. Expanding road density and enhancing road capacity within this range will help mitigate traffic congestion. The analysis also identifies that the western regions of Yanji, which are characterized by high population density and significant travel demand, are most lacking in transportation supply. Inadequate road density in these areas exacerbates this issue. Future urban planning should focus on building road infrastructure in the western zone to meet the growing traffic demands, thus improving the efficiency and effectiveness of urban transport systems and better catering to the mobility needs of residents. Additionally, the findings of this study underscore the critical importance of adaptive planning that responds to evolving urban dynamics, ensuring that transportation networks remain efficient and sustainable as the population and demand for services grow.