Earticle

This is a case study to elucidate an association between consecutive interpretations and stratified note-taking. Stratification in note-taking is limited to diagonal and parallel types in this study. It was possible to derive several significant conclusions from the results of analyses on both voice files of students in consecutive interpretations and survey questionnaire. First of all, although it is not always concluded that an objective assessment result indicates the quality of interpretation, the group of people, who answered that an effort was made for note-taking stratification, showed much better result in interpretation. In addition, this group actually exhibited that their note-takings were systematically stratified well. The top three students in terms of overall assessment all belonged to the group that made an effort for note-taking stratification and three students with the lowest assessment were all in the opposite group. An education for note-taking should be started as early as possible in the specific pattern. However, an education is possible only for several principles and learners need to develop note-taking with the most appropriate way for each of them afterwards. Furthermore, they should make an effort to improve their skills on consecutive interpretations from various perspectives other than note-taking.

This study investigates the predictive power of vocabulary breadth(receptive and productive) and depth(synonym and allocation) knowledge for AB and BA consecutive interpreting performance of undergraduate and graduate students in Korean-English Translation and Interpretation programs. Three vocabulary knowledge measuring instruments were administered to 39 students: Nation's Vocabulary Size Test Version A, Laufer & Nation (1999)'s vocabulary size test for controlled productivity version A, 10,000 level, and Read's Word Associates Test. Scores of these tests along with the students' AB and BA consecutive interpreting scores were collected and simple linear and multiple regression analyses were performed. The analyses showed that students’ B language vocabulary knowledge scores combined accounted for 43% of their BA consecutive interpreting scores and 79% of their AB consecutive interpreting scores. When analyzed independently, the receptive vocabulary size was found to have the largest predictive power for both BA and AB consecutive interpreting. A closer look at the results shows that the predictive power of vocabulary knowledge is influenced by the directionality of interpreting. Vocabulary knowledge of the target language as opposed to the source language of interpreting (i.e. vocabulary knowledge of English for Korean-English interpreting) was found to be a much stronger predictor of the consecutive interpreting performance than vice versa. The implications of the findings on interpreting education is discussed.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the results of survey on interpreters' expectations match the interpreters' evaluation of a given interpreting performance. Many expectation surveys on interpreting quality criteria have shown that interpreters and users alike regard the content-related group more important than the form-related group and the delivery-related group. However, to see whether these criteria ratings hold true in real-world evaluations, we need to have interpreters or users evaluate actual interpreting performances and examine the effect of individual quality items on the overall performance scores. Results of the expectation survey showed that the content-related group was deemed more important than the form-related and the delivery-related groups, which is consistent with previous studies. Results of the interpreter's evaluations on English-to-Korean interpretations showed that the content-related group had the largest effect on the total score, followed by the form-related group and the delivery-related group. In contrast, results of the interpreter's evaluations on Korean-to-English interpretations showed that the form-related group had the largest effect on the total score, followed by the content-related group and the delivery-related group.

The paper relates risk management in translation to the reception of translated literature. The objective of the study is to suggest how literary translators can distribute their efforts to help foreign readers appreciate translated literature. Human Acts is an English translation by translator Deborah Smith of Korean novel written by Han Kang. As the novel deals with political situation of Korea, readers' background information on Korea can influence their understanding of the novel, depending on the translation solutions used. To identify which parts of the text need more effort from a translator, text coding on the whole text was carried out using Pym’s typology of translation solutions. Based on the text coding and analysis, pilot questionnaires and interviews were conducted to see how the Anglophone readers who participated in the survey responded. The text coding and analysis suggested the translator, Deborah Smith, opted to translate the source text with solutions that require more effort from a translator. The pilot questionnaire survey and interviews showed that the participants preferred getting more background information to understand the translated text.

We use Google Translate when reading foreign newspapers. Given that it is MT, we expect some degree of awkwardness. However, it still gives us easy and convenient access to the content and information. Today, many Korean media outlets provide articles in foreign languages, by selecting and instantly translating the many articles that are produced every day. The time pressure is extremely high in this kind of translation, and there can be occasional verbatim, hence unnatural, renderings. Yet, overall, the quality of work done by skilled translators tends to be high. If MT continues to advance, however, it seems that MT may be able to replace human translators in the near future, in terms of speed and accuracy. This paper looks into the outcome of MT on news headlines. In this age of overflowing information, headlines can be important indicators for selecting articles. With fewer words, they convey compact information, and it needs to be tested whether MT can serve the same function. While there is existing literature that covers the features of headlines in Korean and Japanese newspapers, and suggests translation strategies assuming human translation, the present study attempts to identify issues in headline translation done by machines. Further, it aims to discuss the potential of MT and implications for post-editing. Headline translation requires the understanding of the entire content of the article to avoid mistranslation, as well as the knowledge of the characteristics of headlines in both working languages. This paper examines headlines from different newspapers and how they are translated, in comparison to their MT versions.

This paper aims to provide practical guidelines for translating lyrics of licensed musicals into Korean. Literature on how to translate English musical lyrics into Korean is virtually non-existent, and the Korean language is very different from English, particularly with regard to syntactic structures and the use of meters and stresses. There is clearly a great need to develop specific guidelines for Korean translation. This study proposes principles in five basic areas: vocal singability, phrasing and stress matching, rhyming, syllable addition (or note splitting), and domestication/foreignization. Based on the expertise and feedback collected from musical theater composers and singers, this paper suggests Korean vowels and consonants appropriate for high-pitch notes and Korean consonants proper for end-of-phrase notes. It also introduces specific strategies for adjusting the lengths of phrases and the locations of keywords by using specific Korean words, and it offers tips for avoiding note splitting and for keeping domestication/foreignization levels appropriate

Interpreters are increasingly engaged in police investigation. The number of interpreters registered with police is over 3,000, but the majority of them are untrained interpreters who occasionally work for the police, often lacking interpreting skills and awareness about their role in police interviews. The current situation is not surprising given the lack of police interpreter training and proper screening before hiring them. In recent years, Korean National Police Agency has offered some ad-hoc training and online training for interpreters. With a view to developing their police interpreting competence and enhancing their understanding about their role as interpreters in police interviews, Korea National Police Agency offered a five hour long training for interpreters based in Metropolitan area last year. The participants were surveyed about their training experience and interests in further training and interpreter certification. Drawing on the questionnaire-based survey of 168 interpreters, this paper canvasses police interpreters’ views on interpreter training and certification. The majority of the interpreters found training satisfactory and were interested in further training, with some expressing interest in longer training. They also supported professional recognition of police interpreters through certification. The results strongly suggest that it is high time for the police to make an investment in organizing mid-to-long term interpreter training programs and establishing a proper screening or certification program, which would contribute to improving the quality of police interpreting services.

TV interpreting and broadcast-related translating is a relatively well-established market for interpreters and translators in Korea. Yet not much is known about the specific roles and work dynamics that interpreters and translators in the field face. With the goal of taking a microscopic view into a TV interpreter/translator’s work adaptation process, the current paper uses narrative inquiry as its research method to look into the research participant’s 8 years of work experience both as a simultaneous interpreter for live TV broadcast news and as a translator involved in news content production. Qualitative data analysis was conducted based on the three-dimensional narrative inquiry space of temporality, sociality and space. Findings revealed the various dimensions of work adaptation including the live broadcasting context and relevant variables, interpreting strategies specific to live TV and news broadcasting, dubbing and subtitling translation & news content production, and live simultaneous interpreting of the U.S. State of the Union Address.