Earticle

This study aims to explore the types of strategies used in translating titles, and to determine if there is any difference in the choice of strategies depending on the directionality of translation. The initial foundation of the study finds its theoretical background in Newmark’s (1988) V-diagram of translation methods. The initial findings of the study revealed that communicative translation and transliteration methods were used more frequently for English into Korean translations while source text oriented methods were used more often in Korean into English translations. In order to determine the decisions behind the differences in the use of translation strategies, interviews with subject-matter specialists were conducted. In-depth face-to-face and e-mail interview results indicated that the teams involved in the process of translating titles from Korean into English and from English into Korean were often comprised quite differently. In the case of Korean novels translated into English, a translator, an author, and the editor of an overseas publisher are involved in the translation of titles. Of these, the original author generally has the biggest voice in the decision. Meanwhile, in the case of English novels translated into Korean, more diverse parties such as translators, authors, editors of domestic publishers, marketers, and management can be involved.

Literary translation requires a different methodology than that of non-literary translation because its purpose lies on literary value. For this reason, novel translation demands translators to have creativity as well as ability to reproduce source texts. However, many of the English to Korean novel translation studies have focused on reproduction, such as how to translate metaphors, proper nouns, neologism, and cultural components. Since these studies consider equivalence, they have no choice but to compare source texts and target texts, which leads to focus on reproduction. The aim of this paper is to study novel translation regarding translators’ creativity. To achieve this, the paper proposes translation as a creative action because it is a writing behavior. A good text has good cohesion, so a good translated text will, as a consequence, have good cohesion as well. Since the cohesion of a text is like a frame showing its theme or symbolism, it can affect the literary value of a novel. To check the cohesion of a translated text, this paper analyzes Korean affixes using the graduation of the words’ meanings.

This paper reviewed the case studies on the translation carried out by multiple people in the perspective of consistency and issues arising from the current policies and systems relevant to translation. 'Translation carried out by multiple people' refers to translation cases where a number of translators participate and produce translation of his or her own allocated parts of the whole translation. The review shows that cases of inconsistency were observed in the following lexical categories: 1) names of people and regions, 2) culturemes, 3) terms or phrases that are repeatedly used, and 4) in 'ideology bound terms', as well as in the style categories a number of cases in the expressions at the end of sentences. Reasons that led to such inconsistency included issues with policies on the roman alphabet spelling of Korean words, as well as system-derived issues such as translation contracts, financial compensation and intellectual property rights. Based on the hypothetical belief that the role of translators is critical in maintaining consistency in the above categories in translation under the current translation environment, a review on course syllabuses and a survey on the instructors were conducted on the current education status of translation courses which include multiple participants translation projects. Among the syllabuses of 420 translation classes reviewed, 37 showed any mention of team or group translation projects that were to be given to students during any time of the course. And the survey results show that of the 23 respondents, 9 people(39.13%) answered that they give group translation assignments. Meanwhile, the most frequently cited reason for not assigning translation in the form of ‘projects’ was ‘the utmost purpose of the course is to improve an individual’s translation competency’, followed by ‘time constraints’. But given the increasing demand for translation where multiple translators need to participate, a more systematic discussion on the topic is required in the education field of translation.

This essay attempts to explain why the issues of ethics become more important, and to find its concrete meaning of ethics in the dimensions of translation. Specially by referring to Paul Ricoeur's idea of differentiating 'Ethics' and 'Morals', it discusses its application in the fields of practical translation and translation studies. It further discusses how the two ideas are articulated from analysing Berman's and Venuti's work. While this essay explains Berman's idea of how 'Ethics' and 'Morals' have a definitive difference and a good articulation, it also explains how Venuti appropriates Berman's and Deleuze's thoughts. To conclude, it examines Hans Jonas' concept of 'responsibility' for the future generations, and suggests its potential meaning for practical translation and translation studies.

The paper tackles the question of if translator’s style can be found in translated texts. It applies four exploratory multivariate statistical methods - principal component analysis, multidimensional scaling, ierarchical cluster analysis and consensus tree analysis - to 300 most frequent words from a corpus of 34 English translations of Korean novels, which represents five translators. The tests are generally successful in verifying the presence of traces of translator’s style as the translated works show a strong tendency of clustering around individual translators.

As simultaneous interpretation is widely utilized on TV, it is not rare in Korea to witness non-professional interpreters are challenging this highly complicated human information processing. This article examined an English into Korean simultaneous interpretation by a non-professional interpreter to cover UN Secretary General Ban Ki Moon’s speech on March 24, 2014. The interpreter who was a journalist working for a Korean TV station also tried to simultaneously interpret CNN’s breaking news at a TV studio and ended up a total failure last year. Although she did not sit at a TV studio this time, the reporter omitted a significant amount of the original speech leaving exceptionally long pauses, EVS and TTS in her interpretation. Particularly, the portion of concurrent listening and speaking which makes simultaneous interpretation very demanding was extremely low. As a result, the performance was nothing more than a poor random consecutive interpretation as the reporter produced one Korean sentence while paying no attention to the concurrently incoming messages and listened to the next segments without any utterance leaving long pauses. In spite of some assertions that translation and interpretation ability is a natural consequence of bilingualism, this case clearly attests that simultaneous interpretation, at least from English into Korean, should be carried out by professionals interpreters who acquired the ability to optimally allocate a limited capacity to several submodules of interpretation after a long and systematic training.

The widespread use of remote interpreting technology has long pushed remote interpreting into the realm of professional interpreting practice. However, the notion has not received its much deserved attention despite the emergence of various remote interpreting settings, mainly due to the relative paucity of related research. This paper reflects on the term 'remote interpreting' used to describe different interpreting settings in a number of countries, illustrates which alternative terms are used, and offers an overview of international research with a special focus on Europe where studies have been carried out since the mid-1970s. Particular reference is also made to the need for remote interpreting research in Korea that would allow researchers, practitioners, and teachers to paint an accurate picture of the extent of its usage in the country. Building on the review of previous projects and research on remote interpreting, the article presents future implications for the practice.

Technological advances and internationalization have contributed to the development of new forms of internet communication such as website localization. The current paper explores the website localization process of Korean cultural contents within Korea's rapidly advancing web and smart app environment. With a functional theory perspective, the study will focus on the translation and localization of The Encyclopedia of Korean Folk Cuture and examine how the target text is reformulated according to the translation brief. The paper will explore how the localization of websites bring some new aspects into translation studies. It will also attempt to clarify the key concepts and to describe the new object of translation, as well as to develop a strategy to apply approaches from translation studies to website localization.

The purpose of this paper is to disambiguate, using a statistical approach, the favorable attributes of a practicum speaker for interpreting trainees. To find specific speaker attributes for a practicum, two statistical methods were used: CART and association analyses. Data was gathered on 39 speakers over five academic years (2010 to 2014). The attribute chosen as the target variable was effectiveness for fluency development. Forty independent variables were chosen based on comments from students. Instructors judged the speakers to be effective or not based on their own observations and comments received from students. Based on the CART analysis, the results show that the students felt that a slower ST (source text) speech rate contributed to better fluency of delivery. The association analysis examined whether or not a speaker who exhibited superior fluency could be a role model or a prospective employer for students. The attribute “IT/finance subject speaker” was not found to contribute to improving the fluency of students. These research results show that some speakers are better than others and that a statistical approach might prove useful for designing better practicums with a superior speaker in mind for interpreter trainees.