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Providing memorable tourism experiences(MTEs) plays a key role in determining the competitiveness and sustainability of a destination. Therefore, destination managers face a challenge in identifying facilitating and maintaining MTEs among tourists. The purpose of this paper was to examine the structural relationships between MTEs, tourist satisfaction place attachment, and destination loyalty among active sport tourists. For achieving the purpose of this article, the present study surveyed tourists visiting jukdo beach is located in yangyang country in Gangwon province, South Korea. A total of seven hypotheses were verified using frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling through SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 statistics. The results were follows. First, MTEs had a positive effect on tourist satisfaction. Second, MTEs had a positive effect on destination loyalty. Third, tourist satisfaction had a positive effect on place attachment. Fourth, tourist satisfaction had a positive effect on destination loyalty. Fifth, place attachment had a positive effect on destination loyalty. Sixth, tourist satisfaction fully mediated the path between MTEs and destination loyalty. Seventh, place attachment did not mediate the path between tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty.

The purpose of this study is to classify evaluation attributes’ satisfaction of the island's marine tourist destinations by applying the three-factor model of customer satisfaction. In order to derive the evaluation attributes of island tourist destinations, prior studies were reviewed on the evaluation attributes of island tourist sites. After reviewing the research of Matzler & Sauerwein (2002) and prior research on the domestic and international satisfaction model to understand the structure of three-factor model of customer satisfaction, research problems were established to classify the attribute satisfaction of island tourists into basic factors, performance factors, and excitement factors. A questionnaire survey was conducted from 25 July to 8 August 2020 for a tourist visited the Bijin Island. A total of 208 replies were analyzed. According to the results, “Content attribute satisfaction”(entertainment, food, sightseeing programs, souvenirs/souvenirs) and “Satisfaction with transportation attributes”(number of passenger ship operations, passenger ship waiting time, passenger ship fares) are identified as basic factors; “Information Guide Attribute Satisfaction”(guidance signs, diversity of prior information, accuracy of prior information) is excitement factors; “Infrastructure property satisfaction”(amenities, entertainment facilities, local restaurants and accommodations) is indifference factors. This study not only makes theoretical contributions to the study of island tourism satisfaction but also offers practical suggestions for island village operation manager.

The aim of this study is promoting analysis in depth through qualitative meta-analysis to classify overseas travelers’s cultural tourism motivations. Qualitative meta-analysis is used because the methodology is analytical research method intends to understand and explain the phenomenons with comparison, interpretation, analysis on individual qualitative studies. Accordingly, authors made use 6 steps as selection of research topic: search & selection, categorization of main concept, classification by common factors, systematization by key concept and interpretation & synthesis of results. Qualitative meta-analysis results on 6 selected articles showed 7 classifications of cultural tourism motivations, including ‘different culture experience through interaction’, ‘pursuit of knowledge through learning and experience’, ‘self-development and self-discovery’, ‘breakaway from everyday life’, ‘rest and isolation’, ‘consensus formation’ and ‘free schedule’. There are multi-meanings when overseas travelers pursuit cultural tourism motivations. Especially, it is includes main meanings such as ‘intercultural exchange meaning’ which is categorized by 6 studies and ‘leaning meaning’ which is categorized by 4 studies. As a conclusion, contemporary cultural tourists pursuit multi-purposes travel as cultural exchange, learning, rest and good fellowship. Therefore, tourism policy and tourism product development, based on motivations of these multi-purposes travel is needed. In particular, tourism product development to have both low-crowding and high-satisfaction is demanded to cope with greatly altered cultural tourism behavior after COVID-19 pandemic.

The objectives of this study are to provide domestic convention companies with meaningful practical implications by investigating not only the effect relationship between leadership and organizational commitment of staff members but also the mediating effects of Leader-Member Exchange(LMX) between it. To achieve the objectives, as a conceptual framework of the study, the literatures on leadership, organizational commitment, leader-member exchange(LMX), and the effect relationships among the three factors were reviewed, and the empirical studies on the perception of employees of domestic convention companies were conducted. The findings of the study showed that firstly, leadership had a significant impacts on organizational commitment of staff members and LMX, and secondly, the two factors, willingness to contribute to the leader and loyalty to the leader, of LMX had mediating effects between the leadership and organizational commitment, but the other two factors, respect for the leader and the attachment to the leader, did not have mediating effect between them. Through the results of the study, it has been revealed that positive factors of leadership have significant impacts on the staff members' commitment into their organizations.

The objectives of this study are to provide practical implications to public institutions for tourism and private enterprises in terms of policy and industrial management by verifying the impact between tourism risk perception and intention to visit tourist attractions and the mediating effect of tourist attitude. To this end, on-line survey of adults aged 19 or older was conducted and empirically analyzed based on 307 valid responses. According to the analysis results, the tourism risk perception was classified into three factors: socio-cultural, functional, and temporal. As a result of the hypothesis verification, it was confirmed that socio-cultural and functional tourism risk perception affected the intention to visit tourist attractions, and the tourist attitude had a mediating effect in this process. This study is meaningful in that it is a study on the tourism risk perception related to the recent global issue, COVID19, and contributed to the theoretical expansion by examining the impact relationship between the tourism risk perception and the intention to visit tourist attractions, and by verifying the mediating effect of the tourism attitude in relation to the tourism risk perception and the intention to visit tourist attractions. In addition, this study suggested the direction of future tourism for post-corona era.

In this study, we are trying to identify the impact of social media tourist information experience on the intent of continuous use by applying the technology acceptance model. To achieve the purpose of the research, we conducted theoretical research and empirical research at the same time. Also, this study included those who had domestic and foreign travel experience over the past year and those who had explored and acquired tourist information through social media. A total of 290 samples were used for the final analysis. The statistical tests used the SPSS v.21 and AMOS v.21 programs to perform frequency analysis, feasibility and reliability analysis of measurement tools, and path analysis for statistical hypothesis testing. The results are as followed: First, it is shown that all the sub-factors of tourist information experience on social media have a positive influence on cognitive usefulness. Second, emotional experience among social media tourist information experience is found that there is no significant impact on cognitive ease. Third, cognitive usefulness is shown to have a significant positive effect on the intent of continuous use. Fourth, cognitive ease of use is shown to have a significant positive effect on the intent of continuous use. Based on these results, we present practical and academic implications.

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for revitalization of skiing by analyzing the moderating effect of ski resort reputation in the influence of the value of skiing items recognized by ski cluber’s on the intention to continue participation. To this end, a survey was conducted on 340 ski lovers, and the collected data were analyzed through correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS 22.0(ver). The analysis results are as follows. First, among the values of skiing events, hedonistic, personal, practical, and aesthetic values positively influenced the intention to continue participation, but social values did not. Second, hedonistic, personal, practical, and aesthetic values influence the intention to continue participation, and the reputation of ski resorts was all confirmed to have a moderating effect. Therefore first of all, it is necessary to establish a marketing strategy that can increase the value each person pursues by grasping the value of skiers felt by skiers, and to induce differentiated strategies through various events, not advertisement.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the work-life conflict, job satisfaction, job stress, and customer orientation of cabin crew. To achieve the purpose of the study, a survey was conducted from November 5, 2019 to December 20, 2019, targeting the cabin crew of a FSC. The collection method used both online and offline methods. A total of 214 copies were used for empirical analysis. Frequency analysis, validity and reliability analysis of measurement tools, and path analysis were performed using SPSS v.23 and AMOS v.22 programs. Hypothesis test result, the cabin crew's work and life conflict affects job satisfaction(-) and job stress(+). It was found that job satisfaction had a significant positive(+) effect on customer orientation. However, it was found that job stress did not significantly affect customer orientation. As a result of this study suggests one method of managing cabin crew for airlines, which can be used as one of the airline's strategic human resource management. This study inform that work and life conflict, like other jobs, is a good way to improve productivity and passenger satisfaction.

본 연구는 한국 관광객이 인식하는 중국의 중요 목적지 속성이 무엇인지를 파악하고 한국 관광객의 만족도에 유의한 영향에 미치는 속성은 무엇인지를 파악하고자 한다. 여행 목적지의 특정 속성에 대한 여행자의 인식 은 여행지의 중요 매력성에 대한 이해와 여행자의 여행 동기를 동시에 이해할 수 있어서 여행상품을 개발하 고 여행자 대상 상품구매를 촉진하는 것에도 유용한 단서들을 제공하게 될 것이다. 중국의 목적지 속성에 대한 중요도-성과도 분석 결과를 보면 중국은 풍부한 문화적 역사적 장소, 비용, 역사적 지식 획득, 풍부한 즐길거리가 있는 곳으로 인식되고 있으며 많은 사람들로 붐비는 여행지, 쇼핑의 불편함, 문화적으로 너무 유 사한 모습, 조금은 지루한 환경과 이동 등이 불만족한 내용인 것으로 나타났다. 역사적 지식의 획득과 역사적 유명 장소의 방문, 그리고 저렴한 쇼핑비용은 중국을 여행하는 관광객의 만족도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것 으로 나타났다. 목적지에 대한 방문자의 긍정적 이미지를 파악하고 이를 집중·개발하고 유지하는 것이 중요 한 과제이며 본 연구결과가 목적지의 경쟁력 향상과 이미지 개선에 유용하길 기대한다.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between leisure activities and their interpersonal relationships in elderly. This study was intended to discuss the necessity of participation in leisure activities in the elderly, and to analyze the differences in interpersonal relationships by dividing the groups according to the participation of two types of leisure activities: leisure programs and volunteer. In addition, this study was to determine how the interpersonal relations of elderly were affected by participation in two types of leisure activities. For this study, as a result of analyzing the data of a questionnaire survey of elderly aged 60 years or older, first, both types of leisure activities were found to be statistically significant in the analysis of group differences according to participation. Second, it was found that participation in two types of leisure activities had a significant positive effect on the interpersonal relationships of elderly. Therefore, with the prolongation of old age, a change in the perception of the elderly's participation in leisure activities from a macro perspective and interest in leisure activities in the old age as a policy are required.

The main purpose of this study is to find out the effect of job-seeking anxiety on cognitive flexibility for those majored in airline service at colleges. In a difficult situation where Covid-19 has been around and the job opening is frozen, this research will be showing at the relationship between career anxiety and cognitive flexibility. and use it as a basis for guiding students in the future plans. In total, 340 survey answers were collected and analysed by IBM statistics SPSS. The hypothesis verification results are as follows. Firstly, job-seeking anxiety has significant positive (+) effect on one of the cognitive flexibility called alternative recognition. Secondly, job-seeking anxiety has significant negative (-) effect on one of the cognitive flexibility called situational control. Third, There was a significant difference between the two-year and four-year college program about the level of job-seeking anxiety. Lastly, a significant difference was found in the presence or absence of TOEIC score about the level of job anxiety. Since job anxiety of the students increases their cognitive flexibility, instructors will be able to use these data to present career plans to students in various directions and encourage them to expand their alternative choice. In order to relieve the job-seeking anxiety of the students, it will be necessary to actively intervene to provide practical solutions and jobs with emotional support.

Retaining customers is known as an effective marketing strategy to maintain revenue in the competitive business environment. The purpose of this study is to find how switching barriers can be used to keep customers from switching to competing firms. Research samples are collected from domestic coffee-shop, fast-food, and restaurant service customers and tested the influences between the variables. Independent-Sample T Test to compare the mean of the sample groups, and the Multiple Regression Analysis to test the effect of influences between variables are used to test the hypothesis. The study found that 1) positive(negative) switching barriers has a positive(negative) influences to satisfaction, 2) the degree of switching cost perceptions is different depending on the degree of contact between customers and service providers, 3) negative switching barriers as well as positive one has an positive influences on customer retentions. It is noticeable that even the negative switching barriers, causing customer dis-satisfaction, can be an effective marketing tool to retain customers in the food service industry. The results of the study will be applicable to food service-outlets to overcome the COVID-19 difficulties in Korea.

This study was aimed at exploring the effect of hotel brand equity on the attitude and behavioral intention of expanding brands for visitors of extended brand attitude. In addition, it attempted to verify the moderating effect of involvement. Based on a questionnaire drawn up through a literature review to achieve its purpose, it selected a group of users who visited the expanded brand hotels of S-hotel, L-hotel, M-hotels, H-hotel and I-hotels within the last year. The survey was conducted online for 20 days from October 1st - October 20th, 2019. 339 respondents answered the survey, and the final 323 data sets were used for the analysis, which excluded unfaithful responses. The results demonstrate the following: First, brand equity show significantly positive (+) effects on extended brand attitude. Second, brand equity show significantly positive (+) effects on behavioral intention. Third, extended brand attitude shows significantly positive (+) effects on behavioral intention. Fourth, the involvement showed moderating effects in the relationship extended brand attitude. Finally, it suggests implications for the implementation of a strategy for the competitive expansion of the brand for hotel companies.

The purpose of this study is to understand the influence of the airline cabin crew team leader's tendency on the individual characteristics of team members, and to examine the effect on the final result, service quality. To this end, data were collected from July 3 to July 21, 2020, and a total of 302 copies were collected. Among them, 259 copies were used for the final analysis, excluding 43 questionnaires that were not suitable for statistical processing because many missing values existed or were judged as unscrupulous responses. The SPSS program was used for statistical analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the leadership of the team leader had a significant positive effect on the self-construal of the team members. Second, the self-construal of team members was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on service quality. As a result of the study, it was found that the relational leadership tendency of the aviation crew team leader had the greatest influence on the performance of service quality duties of the flight attendants, and that quality service was reinforced when interdependent personal analysis was performed for flight attendants to perform their duties. In addition, the task-type tendencies of the leader were also found to be in a static relationship, and the crew members who perform personal interpretations of independent tendencies were not significantly different in job service quality, and a positive influence relationship was proven. The results of the study will be able to provide basic data for securing and retaining effective talents by preparing a plan to lead the service quality through the actions of the leader, and by grasping and proving the importance of personal characteristics of the crew.

This study aims to verify the effect of the type of culture marketing on the brand equity, place attachment and loyalty of the tourist site as well as identifying the effect of brand equity on place attachment and loyalty of the tourist site. To achieve this goal, both theoretical and empirical studies were conducted and 555 questionnaires were collected for analysis. The results of this research is presented as follows: Firstly, cultural production can be seen as an important means to enhance brand assets of tourist destination. Secondly, cultural marketing of tourist destination and brand assets need to be carried out after identifying suitable cultural marketing activities for each country because there are differences among countries. Thirdly, cultural marketing of tourist destinations affects brand assets, and that of tourist destination brands has a positive influence on location attachment and loyalty. It is very important to improve the brand assets of the tourist destination through cultural marketing activities. Therefore, it is necessary to develop policies and strategies to enhance brand appeal so that tourists will visit again.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact relationship with the behavior intention of individual tourists through the theory of planned behavior, and to empirically analyze moderating effect of the perceived risk and demographic characteristics in this process. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on adults aged 19 or older and used for analysis based on valid sample of 302 copies. The analysis results showed that individual tourist attitudes, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control all have significant effects on behavior intention(H1). And the perceived behavioral control and behavior intention also showed that there was a moderating effect of perceived risk(H2). It was also found that perceived risks and demographic characteristics represented a moderating effect in the relationship between perceived behavioral control and behavior intention(H3). This study proposed measures to promote individual tourism of post-corona era and contributed to academic development.

As the production population has steadily decreased due to the aging society, the importance of employment support policies that support middle and elderly people in the long term is steadily increasing. This study was conducted to study the direction of educational programs for middle-aged hotel workers due to these social trends. Especially, the necessity and importance of the curriculum for new employment were analyzed based on middle-aged hotel workers. Two FGI sessions were conducted to achieve the purpose of this study. first FGI was to derive jobs available to the middle-aged workers in the tourism industry. The second FGI was conducted to derive the education required for the middle-aged within the selected industries. then empirical analysis was conducted to find out the necessity and importance of educational contents for 48 camping companies. The results of this study revealed that middle-aged hotel workers need camping-related regulations, camping safety management, camping site customer service, and camping site hygiene management education. Based on the results of this study, the utilization plan and future research were presented.