Earticle

Generative AI technology, which represents the artificial intelligence era, is developing faster than any other field in image production and is being applied to practice. The purpose of this study is to explore various ways to use Generative AI by deriving the characteristics and types of Generative AI use cases of book cover design among visual design fields. The research method investigated the concept of Generative AI and the current status of use in the field of visual design through literature. Based on this, the book cover design cases were analyzed using the Generative AI currently published, and design characteristics and types were derived. As a result of the study, Generative AI book cover design could be divided into two characteristics: ‘Indirect Expression’ and ‘Direct Expression’ and three types: ‘Image Transfer’, ‘Image Transformation’, and ‘Image Expansion’. Future uses of generative AI in book cover design will need to understand the format of the book, be able to describe a lot of knowledge and experience for prompting, and generate a lot of images for inspiration. Numerous Generative AI tools exist today. In the future, it should be the basis for designers to effectively handle Generative AI by analyzing commercial outcomes created by Generative AI in various design fields to create creative outcomes that can be used in practice beyond the use of tools.

E-Health services are seen as promising to healthcare promotion, but low usage by patients limits their effectiveness. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has shown to be explanatory in the adoption of e-Health services. As the use of e-Health for self-management grows, it is important to identify factors influencing perceived ease-of-use (PEOU) and usefulness (PU) to encourage acceptance. However, the selection of external variables in this context lacks a clear pattern. We applied the Heuristic-Systematic Model (HSM) with the aim of further explaining the external variables in TAM especially in the area of e-health, and selected three external variables: information quality, health information literacy, and social influence. Hence, our study combines the Heuristic-Systematic Model (HSM) and TAM to investigate the mechanism and external factors that promote individuals to act for their health benefits. A total of 198 responses were collected among people having completed an online diabetes risk test on the website of the Finnish Diabetes Association. This data was then analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Our study finds that heuristic cues like health information literacy and social influences impact PEOU, while systematic cues, especially information quality, positively influence PU. Also, higher PU is associated with increased intention to use e-Health services and engage in health-promoting actions, highlighting the importance of the systematic path in the e-Health context. Our theoretical contributions are twofold. First, we add to TAM research in the area of e-health by providing an explanation why heuristic cues link to PEOU while systematic cues link to PU. Second, our research is among very few applying HSM to e-health and finds that overall, the systematic path is more influential than the heuristic path. We also provide practical advice for healthcare providers to improve the impact of their e-health initiatives.

Emotional leadership plays a pivotal role in modern organizational structures to enhance job satisfaction, organizational performance, and sustainable growth. As emotional leadership has been identified as a problem- solving factor in complex business environments, it facilitates emotional needs and trust building among employees and promotes voluntary and active participation in organizational roles. This study aimed to investigate the impact of perceived supervisor's emotional leadership on job crafting activities within an organizational framework and provide a deeper understanding of emotional leadership through the mediation of supervisor trust. In this study, a sample of 250 employees from various industries working in organizations with 100+ employees was surveyed using emotional leadership, supervisor trust, and job crafting scales. Statistical analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation, reliability assessment, and mediation analysis with structural equation modeling using jomovi version 2.3.28. The results showed that emotional leadership significantly improved trust in supervisors, which in turn positively influenced job crafting. Emotional leadership itself also had a direct impact on job crafting, although not as strongly as through the mediating role of trust. Emotional leadership proved to be crucial in creating an environment that supports job crafting by strengthening trust between supervisors and employees in an organization. This study highlights the importance of emotional leadership in organizational settings and suggests that leadership development programs that focus on emotional intelligence are essential to foster effective employee roles and improve overall organizational performance.