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This paper analyzed the determinants of life insurance consumption with a panel of 92 countries over the period 1996-2010. Our main focus was to figure out the effect of national culture, quality of institutions and legal origins on the consumption of life insurance. Most cultural, institutional, legal and other control variables had a significant relationship to life insurance consumption, in most conditions. Our panel estimations revealed that countries with higher individualism, higher uncertainty avoidance and higher masculinity oriented society have greater level of life insurance consumption. Overall, the cross-country results confirmed the importance of national culture in predicting life insurance across countries. We also discovered that as the quality of institution enhanced, the life insurance consumption increased. As for the importance of legal origins for life insurance across countries, evidence for support has been found in our research. The results revealed a strong, positive relationship between U.K. legal origin and life insurance consumption. However, there was a negative relationship between France and German’s legal origin and insurance consumption.

This paper examines a case study of the Gumi city on the successful Inward FDI inducement policy. A high level of inward investment is a sign that a country is a good place in which to do business. Foreign investors are attracted by the Gumi's general business environment; availability of industrial complex and skilled labour; the favourable tax scheme and regulatory regime; the strength of the R&D base and cluster effects; business and economic stability; and other factors such as advanced SOC, and competitive education system. It provides a skilled and adaptable workforce and unrivalled R&D capabilities for international businesses looking to grow. Investing companies also recognise the importance of operating in a market in which it is easy to set-up and do business.

The purpose of this study is to examine an influence of EU economic variables on Korea’s international trade and to suggest policy implications. In order to test whether time series data are stationary and the model is right or not, we carry out unit root test, cointegration test. And we apply impulse response and variance decomposition based on VECM. The empirical results indicate that Korea’s exports to the EU is largely influenced and explained not by EU treasury expenditure and treasury revenue but by EU industrial production and exchange rate. And Korea’s trade balance of payments with the EU is mainly influenced and explained not by EU treasury expenditure but by relatively GDP gap. The results suggest that government must have focus on variables of industrial production and exchange rate in order to increase export volumes to EU.

It has been emphasized that enhancing information competency of the shipping market is critical in reinforcing competitiveness of the domestic shipping industry. Numerous research topics related to reinforcing competitiveness of the shipping industry had been conducted. However, these previous researches have been undertaken to secure primary information sources and maintain these sources to accumulate market information continuously. The purpose of this study is to examine what factors should be considered to enhance competency of the shipping market and how those factors can be implemented to contribute domestic shipping industry. Based on the relevant literatures, it has extracted factors that affect enhancing competency of the shipping market successfully and analyzed successful cases of the shipping exchange in Europe. It has been practically analyzed how information sources can be secured, operated, maintained and utilized in real time market. Ultimately, the study has proposed to make controlling hub system of shipping information as a key body to circulate market information.

The purpose of this paper is to suggest the establishment of the Redistribution Fund of Northeast Asia (RFoNA) as a way to economic cooperation among Korea, China and Japan. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between Korea and Japan(1965), China and Japan(1972), and Korea and China(1992), economic linkage has deepened steadily in this region. However, as economic linkage deepens, some structural problems, such as asymmetry of exports growth dependency and persistency of trade imbalance, have appeared. These structural problems might work as an obstacle to economic cooperation. Some current noneconomic issues also cause conflicts which could hinder the economic cooperation among them. This is the reason as to why some strategy needs to be developed for a better cooperation. The redistribution system of economic gains from trade is very crucial for the success of the economic cooperation. Along with the 'Trilateral FTA' negotiations, the establishment of the RFoNA needs to be considered.

The portion of Japan in the Korean export market has been decreased from 19.4 percent in 1990 to 7.1 percent in 2012. And the export structure of Korea is not only very similar to that of Japan, but there are also behavioral differences among the main export items. This paper, hence, employs the Comparative Advantages by Countries(CACs) and estimates the integrating vectors to reveal the behaviors of the seven main export items, which are the household electronic appliances, industrial devices, electronic components, wire and wireless communication devices, semiconductors, and computers. The study finds that the coefficients of CAC on the exports of 7 items are not only significant but positive in both the fixed-effect and random-effect model. The export elasticity of CAC is higher than unity in the wire communication devices, computers, and industrial devices, while the household electronic appliances, electronic components, wireless communication devices, and semiconductors have elasticity lower than unity. Furthermore, rolling panel regression shows that the influences of CAC on the export performance are on the decrease. The decomposition of CAC shows that a higher CAC is not always indicate a lager export performance of the concerned items.

The aim of this study is to examine the relationships between strategies, integration and performance in green supply chain management of Korean export firms. To achieve these objects the aim, this study proposes a research model and hypotheses based on prior research. The hypotheses are tested by structural equation modeling. The population is chosen in the list of Korean exporting listing firms certificated ISO 14001. The findings of the study are as follows. First, this research finds a positive relationship between exploitation and exploration strategies of green supply chain and integration of green supply chain excepting the relationship between exploitation strategy and logistics integration. Second, integration of green supply chain is positively related with performance of green supply chain.

This research has aimed to identify the priority of overseas marketing assistance system for the export marketing activation on small business in Gwangju area. The Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP), introduced by Satty (1970) is a decision technique has been applied to private and public sectors and to group decision problems. The priority of the upper layer captured in order that improve the overseas marketing ability of export SMEs (0.620), support on overseas general marketing(0.284), improve of export competitiveness on SMEs(0.096). In addition, overall priority analyzed in order that operation of commerce doctor system on SMEs(0.329), export commercialization of export starter enterprises(0.174), activation of FTA utilization support center(0.167), upbringing of global trade expert(0.093), support on individual buyers invitation(0.059), dispatch of trade mission group(0.050), support on international standards acquisition(0.048), promotion of trade professional education(0.031).

HS Classification is a common feature in the management of imports and exports of products and it has been a long-standing feature of WCO's HS classification in trade regime. While the use of HS classification was modified by Korea's accession to the WCO, it remains a dominant feature for some commodities, even though there have been recent attempts to diminish its importance. In this article, we review the deternination factors and legal status of the HS classification, the scope and role, continues to play in the important interpretation in commodities classification. We then review the legal theory that has been developed to evaluate the role HS explanatory. Finally, we propose that HS classification can harmonize the domestic regulations with WCO rules and the effective measure to enhance the effectiveness of HS classification through the reforming of procedures and management in HS classification in international trade.