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The purpose of this study is to analyze the ultimate cause of the U.S.-China trade war, which started in earnest under the Trump administration and is ongoing under the Biden administration, and suggests countermeasures for how Korea will maintain its status as a trading power in the era of the 4th industrial revolution. To this end, after examining the background and causes of the US-China trade dispute in Chapter 2, Chapter 3 will analyze the essential characteristics of the US-China trade war. In particular, I would like to compare the development process of the war for hegemony hidden in the trade war between China, which aims to become a dignified G2 country by the realization of the Chinese dream, and the United States, which does not want to allow a position of absolute power, in comparison with the US-Japan trade war. And in Chapter 4, I want to analyze in detail how the US-China trade war, which is in a lull due to the signing of the first phase of the US-China trade agreement, the spread of Covid-19, and the Beijing Olympics, will develop in the future. In particular, this chapter predicts the direction of acceleration of the Chinese standard 2035, which the Chinese government is putting great effort into to preoccupy international standards, and proposes a response strategy for the Korean economy, caught in the midst of the US-China trade war, to overcome this difficult situation.

Our study examined the effect of the ESG rating provided by KCGS on financial performance. The samples included in this study are 429 manufacturing companies listed on the Korea Exchange for which KCGS rated ESG scores, and the period is from 2017 to 2021. The empirical result is shown that the ESG integration rating, environment, social, and governance rating have a significant positive effect on ROA as the accounting-based variable, and that the ESG integration rating and social rating have a significant positive effect on Tobin’s Q the market-based variable. The implication of this study is that it has provided evidence on the impact of ESG on performance academically, and in practice it informs that managers need more attention to ESG as it is an operational activity that can have a positive impact on financial performance.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the relationship between experience economy and experience satisfaction for tourists who experienced tourism using artificial intelligence (AI) based tourism product platform. The survey was conducted for November 1st to December 31st, 2023, and an empirical analysis was conducted using 235 valid samples. Statistical processing of the data collected in this survey was analyzed using the AMOS 21.0 nd SPSS 21.0 statistical package program. First, As a result of the <Hypothesis 1> verification, it was analyzed that all four sub-dimensions of the experience economy which were educational experience, entertainment experience, escapist experience, and esthetic experience, had a positive effect on experience satisfaction. Therefore <Hypothesis 1> was fully adopted. Through this study, we intended to provide theoretical implications for tourism institutions. The practical implications are, first, that the artificial intelligence tourism product platform should be continuously updated. Second, various efforts are needed to find new tourism experience contents. Third, the public and private sectors should cooperate to combine existing tourism resources or find new tourist attractions and provide officially certified tourism products.

Due to the deepening of climate change, the international community has recently concluded an international environmental agreement to reduce greenhouse gases, and the carbon pricing system have begu to be introduced in various forms. In this study, we compared and analyzed the operation status of ETS, a representative form of the carbon pricing system that is currently being introduced, in each major country. In addition, in this study, the operational status of ETS in major countries were compared and analyzed for each major item. As a result of the analysis, first, it was confirmed that all major countries are gradually expanding the proportion of paid quotas and planning to abolish free allocation. Second, it was found that all major countries are expanding their greenhouse gases and sectors to which they apply, and the standards for the application are also different for each country. Third, it can be seen that ETS-centered carbon markets are being introduced and operated at the national and regional levels in the form of mandatory carbon market and a voluntary carbon market. Based on a comparative analysis of the operation of ETS in major countries, this study made the following policy recommendations to improve the operation of Korea's ETS. First, there is a need to gradually expand ETS’s paid allocation method and awcion participation targets. Second, the greenhouse gas subject to ETS must be expanded. Third, the Voluntary Carbon Market must be activated. If this happens, various participants should be active in Korean carbon market, and as a result, Korea’s ETS will become more stabe and active.

This study empirically analyzes the impact of ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) initiatives on corporate image and consumer behavioral intention, focusing on two leading Mongolian companies, APU and MCS Coca-Cola. The aim is to verify the mediating role of corporate image between ESG and purchase intention, thereby contributing to the establishment of effective ESG management strategies for companies. The results indicate that for APU, the Social (S) and Governance (G) aspects of ESG had significant positive effects on corporate image, with Governance also directly impacting consumer behavioral intention. Conversely, the Environmental (E) aspect did not significantly affect either corporate image or consumer behavioral intention. Corporate image was found to fully mediate the effects of Social and Governance on consumer behavioral intention. In the case of MCS Coca-Cola, the Environmental (E) and Governance (G) aspects significantly positively influenced corporate image, and the Environmental aspect directly affected consumer behavioral intention. Corporate image partially mediated the effect of Environmental on consumer behavioral intention and fully mediated the effect of Governance. However, the Social (S) aspect did not have a significant impact on corporate image or consumer behavioral intention, and no mediating effect was observed. These findings suggest that corporate image plays a crucial role in influencing consumer behavioral intention and that a company's ESG efforts can affect consumer behavior through corporate image. Moreover, the differing effects of ESG components across companies highlight the importance of strategic ESG initiatives tailored to a company's characteristics and market environment. Notably, improvements in Governance (G) in both companies positively impacted corporate image and consumer behavioral intention, underscoring the significance of transparent and fair management practices. This study demonstrates that Mongolian companies can adopt advanced ESG management techniques through collaboration with multinational corporations and, by enhancing their corporate image based on these practices, can influence consumer behavior. By selecting and focusing on ESG areas aligned with their strengths, companies can promote sustainable management and enhance competitiveness. However, the study's generalizability is limited due to its focus on specific Mongolian companies, indicating the need for further research encompassing various countries and industries. Additionally, more detailed analyses considering consumers' levels of ESG awareness and in-depth studies on the effects of specific ESG components are necessary.

This study aims to analyze the mediating effect of organizational commitment on the relationship between ESG activities and business performance in Korean logistics companies. The results show that governance responsibility activities impact business performance while social responsibility undertakings influence organizational commitment, subsequently affecting business performance. Furthermore, organizational commitment plays a mediating role in the relationship between corporate social responsibility activities and business performance.

This study tried to estimate the ex-post industrial trade effects of the Korea-ASEAN FTA with the structural gravity equation. In order to effectively achieve this purpose, I used exporter-sector-time and importer-sector-time fixed effects to account for the unobservable multilateral resistance terms, employed the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood(PPML) estimator to address the issue of heteroskedasticity in trade data and to take advantage of the information contained in the zero trade flows, and used ITPD-E database on international and intra-national trade flows for consistency with the underlying gravity theory. As a result of the PPML estimation, it was found that the effects of the basic gravitational factors (distance, common language, colonial relationship, border, etc.) widely adopted are heterogeneous by industry, and the Korea-ASEAN FTA’s sectoral trade effects were the highest in the manufacturing sector.

Trade volumes are increasing in both global and Korean e-commerce markets. This study collected patent data of Amazon and Coupang registered from 2015 to 2023 through the WIPS ON patent database and analyzed them using the co-classification patent network method. The main finding is that Amazon’s technology in the e-commerce platform is more focused on user convenience-oriented technologies such as voice recognition and interactive technologies. In order to develop strategies to help domestic companies export through platforms such as Amazon and domestic companies enter the export market, Korean companies should develop and patent e-commerce-related technologies to support cross-border transactions, global supply chain management, and international market expansion, thereby contributing to the growth of e-commerce trade.

The growth of global e-commerce platforms has expanded consumers' opportunities to choose products with superior quality and cost-effectiveness, and has also helped to activate the global market through competition between companies. However, negative outcomes such as customs evasion, smuggling, unfair profits by purchasing agents, and imports of hazardous goods have also occurred, and it is urgent to find solutions to these. Accordingly, this study aims to identify cases of increased illegal imports due to the increase in global B2C and to suggest the need to establish a sound customs clearance order and an advanced customs clearance administrative system for e-commerce. This study is different from previous studies in that it presents opinions on the blockchain distribution history system. However, it has limitations in that it does not cover the engineering content regarding the design and technical characteristics of the blockchain distribution history system.

This study analyzes the case of TSMC placed the dominant position in the foundry in the semiconductor industry but exposed to the political risks stemming from the US-China trade disputes. Based on the findings of the study, TSMC has strategically reacted to the political risks due to semiconductor nationalism and sanctions against trade and investment by the dispersion of production facilities, structural integration, and organizational capabilities to minimize the transaction costs. In particular, TSMC attempts to implement both compliance and challenge against the sanctions imposed by the US government and the effectiveness of this strategy is based on technological capacity, customer relations, and the prevailing position in the semiconductor supply chain. The case of TSMC shed a light on companies exposed to a political risk by indicating potential strategies to avoid possible risks as well as the importance of dynamic strategy to grasp opportunities. In addition, it also implied that structural integration and organizational capabilities were critical factors to immune from the potential political risks and to disperse the negative consequences.