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Kim, Kyung-Soon. “The Psychoanalytic Conception of the Subject and Real Gaze: Henry James’s The Turn of the Screw.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 1-17. The focus of this study is on the desire to move the governess to see the ghost and furthermore, the desire to move readers to follow the perspective of the governess. Governess’s experience of ghost in The Turn of the Screw tells us about the dialogic, fluid, or centrifugal nature of the traumatic real as well as marks a point of non-meaning or a point of inarticulateness in narrative. In Lacan, the concept of trauma is used to denote a desire, that is, a structure of subjectivity split by the inaccessible part of experience and is related to the gaze theory as well. As Lacan says in Écrits, “it is precisely because of desire which is not articulable that there is no final coherence of human life.”(302) My interest involves the negativity of consciousness filled with something unintelligible, something hostile, as embodied in the governess. In conclusion, for Lacan, “the Real as a modality of representation refers to that which cannot be directly experienced like death and trauma.” (Yeungnam University)

Park, Sun-Hwa. “London Observed and A Glimpse of Englishness.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 19-34. This paper aims to review Englishness through reading Doris Lessing’s London Observed(1992), which is one of the collections of short stories. The stories unfold along the streets of London, and some of the stories are told in the first person readily identified with that of Lessing herself who has lived in London since her arrival from Africa. Doris Lessing herself as a narrator in the stories seems to represent a common Londoner, but on the contrary, she undermines the meaning of Englishness generally known to everybody. Even though the stories are said to play a role as a guidebook to introduce London to the public, it is clear they show the inevitable change in the implication of Englishness. Lessing’s use of platitudes about Londoners who originally come from all over the world supports this, because the use of platitudes is far removed from the ideas of traditional Englishness. Therefore, these stories can be considered as highlighting the transitional period from the traditional Englishness to multiculturalism. (Chungwoon University)

Park, Jungsik. “Narrative Journalism and Its Current Trends with Perspective.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 35-47. Although story-telling and fact-reporting have long been felt to be contradictory in news-writing, contemporary newspapers start to renovate their news-reporting practice, search for alternative ways to represent a social event, and now experiment with novelistic techniques. While still bound by the codes of reportage such as an obligation to referential accuracy, foundation of verifiable data, and constraints of time limit, major newspapers nevertheless push the creative and writerly flair of storytelling to the limit, almost nearing the boundary to fiction-writing. One particularly noticeable recent reporting practice is the use of the overt perspective (that is, reporting from a particular point of view). Excerpted from such major newspapers as the New York Times, Detroit News, Los Angeles Times, Metro Times and Washington Post, the narrative news articles clearly showcase the recent fact-delivering practice, as opposed to straight news articles. (Ajou University)

Soh, Soo-man. “Three Approaches to Understanding Ernest Hemingway’s Novels(I): Success Works.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 49-68. This paper aims to suggest methods useful in understanding Hemingway’s novels. Three approaches are suggested in this paper. They are the Moment of Truth, the Tragic Hero, and the Iceberg Theory Style. The Moment of Truth is related to the background and the climax of the work. The Tragic Hero refers to the tragedy of the protagonist of the work. The Iceberg Theory Style is the unique style associated with Hemingway. All three of these factors are appeared in Hemingway’s most successful and major works. In contrast to his successes, the works that failed either lacked one or two of these factors or omitted them completely. Therefore, the three factors are the criterions or the common threads that dictate the success or failure of Hemingway’s novels. This paper analyzes the three factors of such successful works as The Sun Also Rises, A Farewell to Arms, The Old Man and the Sea, and “The Killers.” (Woosuk University)

Shin, Young Hun. “The relationship between the subject and power centered on the motif of ‘the purloined letter.’” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 69-88. This paper aims to interpret William Faulkner’s short story, “There Was a Queen,” in terms of Lacanian theory. Using Poe’s “The Purloined Letter,” Lacan asserts that the signifier is absolutely superior to the signified. According to him, the privileged signifer, or the letter constructs the subject, not vice versa. Faulkner dealt with a similar motif and topic in his story, where Narcissa Benbow, the heroine of the story was put in a cul-de-sac due to some purloined letters. These erotic, even obscene letters should have long been destroyed. Instead, she kept cherishing them for erotic gratification when they suddenly disappeared. The heroine had no choice but to pay for the recovery of the letters with her own body. That is, the letters had irresistible power over her. This paper compares how Faulkner and Lacan use the same motif of ‘the purloined letter’ to deliver their own messages effectively. (Hansung University)

Lee, Dongchoon․Lee, Chung-Eun. “Race, Gender, and Morality in Tarzan of the Apes and The Jungle Books.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 89-112. This thesis deals with the identical treatment regarding the justification of colonialism in the two novels, Tarzan of the Apes and The Jungle Books. Through the device of binary opposition, the colonial ideology is similarly revealed in the concept of race, gender, and morality to differentiate the colonizer from the colonized in the two works. The racial prejudice of colonialism functions as literary instruments, which shows the admitted values of dichotomy between whiteness and others to justify the colonial impact. As chauvinist, Burroughs and Kipling reinforce the conservative colonialism by portraying their protagonists as superhero in comparison with natives. In addition, the gender hierarchy is also emphasized to justify the natural and powerful virtue of white masculinity in contrast to white womanhood. The privileged position of white maleness is suitable for performing the mission of civilization and savior in the Jungle. Finally, the doctrine of religious morality is an important message because Tarzan and Mowgli act as peacemaker unifying the disordered colonies under the influence of colonialism where the superstitious cannibalism is prevalent. (Daegu Univ․SUNY Binghamton)

Oh, Min Seok. “Internal Colony and Textual Politics: A Reading of Armstrong’s Slash.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 113-131. This paper suggests that the concepts, internal colony and textual politics, can illuminate the aboriginal literature more deeply and systematically. In this paper the internal colony means the phenomena and the space in which the colonizers who monopolize and the power keep on exploiting and repressing the colonized continuously in a nation by eternalizing its colonization. The term “textual politics” implies that the struggles between the colonizer and the colonized are practiced on the ground of text or discourse. Aboriginal writings have diverse strategies to disturb, subvert, and decenter the (European) colonial discourse. Slash, the first novel written by Canadian aboriginal writer Jeannette Armstrong, mobilizes the narrative of Bildungsroman and romance to show the real history of the aboriginal people hidden in the internal colony and the diverse spots of decolonization. Through the maturing process of the hero Slash, we can visit the vivid fields of the struggle of decolonization. The other representational strategy of the text is realism. Depending on the definitions of G. Lukács’ realism, this paper reads the textual politics of Slash and confirms that its achievement as a novel is based on its realist writing strategy. (Dankook University)

Rhee, Beau La. “Emily Dickinson’s Poetics of Space.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 133-149. The border between spaces often collapses in Dickinson’s poetry. Dickinson often complicates time and space, using techniques that reverse the inside out and the upside down. And the reader has to decode the metaphors of reversed time and visualize different perceptions of spaces used in the poems to read her thoughts. In her poem “A Pit – but Heaven over it,” Dickinson enables the reader to visualize the space of the pit by dramatization of thought and stimulation of the senses. “I felt a Funeral, in my Brain” and “I heard a Fly buzz – when I died –” are poems in which Dickinson experiments with five dimensional space. Furthermore, she often complicates interiority and exteriority. For Dickinson, an interior is not a confinement, and the house imagery she uses often functions as a positive structure. The interior recurrently resembles the exterior in her poetry, as in “I dwell in Possibility.” Doors and windows work as important devices that connect the inner and outer spaces. (University of Rhode Island)

Cho, Sookhee. “The Corelation of Truth and Ideology in Heretic.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 151-169. In Heretic, David Williamson, the most representative playwright in Australia, tries to dramatize one of the most famous controversies of anthropology, the debate between Margaret Mead and Derek Freeman on the most decisive factor of human nature: heredity or environment. The two scholars had tried to find an answer to the question, “What is the ultimate nature of humankind?” through their academic research. Interestingly, however, their attitudes and behaviors in the text reveal that they were heavily influenced by the needs of the specific time and social ideology which is opposed to their own opinions. In that sense, this play ironically shows that the academic truth is closely related with the non-academic circumstances surrounding the scholars. In other words, the play tells us that the production of truth is heavily accommodated to the power and ideology of the specific time and situation. (Chung-Ang University)

Ko, Young-Jin. “An Effective Teaching Method of English Pronunciation By Changing the Starting Position of the Articulator Tongue.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 171-200. There are no languages in the world having the same sound inventories. Even if the sounds of a language look exactly the same as the sounds of the other language, they are sometimes revealed as a sound having different quality. So to learn a foreign language, the learners have to know the sound differences between the foreign language they are learning and their mother tongues and overcome the differences between them. In the same course, Koreans who learn English as a foreign language have to know the differences of the sounds between Korean and English and overcome the differences between them. This paper examines the sound differences of the two languages, English and Korean, and ascertains the main cause that differentiates the sounds of the two languages. It is the difference of the starting position of an articulator tongue. So this paper suggests one teaching method of English pronunciation for Koreans in order to overcome the differences of the sounds of the two languages and pronounce English sounds like native speakers. The method is to pronounce English like speaking Korean by raising and retracting the tongue backward a little bit. Finally this paper attempts to prove the success of the method based on the surveys and the evaluation of English pronunciation of the students studying English pronunciation utilizing the new method. (Daejin University)

Nam, Wahn. “The asymmetry of NP-movement and WH-movement.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 201-214. This paper examines the asymmetry of NP-movement and WH-movement. In the double object construction, the indirect object is subject to NP-movement and the direct object is not subject to NP-movement. However, the direct object is subject to WH-movement and the indirect object is not subject to WH-movement. The formal analysis does not provide satisfactory account of the asymmetry. Therefore, I propose the functional analysis in order to explain the asymmetry more properly. For the functional analysis, I introduce the functional notion such as topic and focus. The direct object is not passivized by NP-movement, because the indirect object is more topical than the direct object. On the other hand, the indirect object is not moved by WH-movement, because the indirect object is not focused on. Therefore, the grammaticality of the constructions which undergo NP-movement and WH-movement depends on functional aspects such as topic and focus. (Shingyeong University)

Park, Hyechong. “Writing and identity.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 215-233. The debate on identity is dichotomized between a single self in the tradition of conventional psychology and multiple selves in the traditions of sociology, social psychology, and post-structuralism. By deconstructing competing theoretical debates regarding identity, this paper examines the relationship between writing and identity. As identity is performed in writing through social relations of roles in the discourse community, the link between the self and the discourse community is conceptualized in terms of (a) initiation to the community, (b) multivocality of conflicts across communities and sub-communities, and (c) repositioning in the community. The self is not just a passive participant in the relationship with discourse communities but also a social agent who has the power to change and transform authoritative discourse communities with borderlands consciousness. (Pusan National University)

Ahn, Jeong Khn. “The Use of Korean Honorifics for the Heritage Koreans in the US.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 235-254. The purpose of the study was to investigate the use of Korean honorifics for the heritage Koreans in the US. The study found out that the heritage Koreans in the US did not use Korean honorifics much in their writings and talk to the elderly as well. In particular, scarcely did they employ honorific affixes. They also had difficulty in using honorifics consistently in a sentence or utterance. Group and gender differences were also found. There was a significant difference in the use of Korean honorifics between lower grade students and high school students. Girls used honorifics more often than boys throughout all the categories of honorifics. Social distance played a role for their use of honorifics, too. They used more honorifics when they talked to the minister than to the teacher. It is evident that the heritage Koreans did not realize the social, linguistic, and pragmatic importance of the proper use of Korean honorifics until they became grown-ups. (Chonbuk University)

Yun, Do-hyun. “A semantic approach to ATTENTION TYPE verbs and their complements.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 255-273. This study explored Dixon’s (1991) theoretical framework in order to understand school grammar on semantic principles. It also tried to explain the semantic weakness of the school grammar learned in a high school or a university on Dixon’s approach method rather than to ignore the insight of other scholar’s grammar. It worked inductively to show educational implication that if students learn the semantic principles with syntactic properties of grammar, they will understand it more easily. So, as its example, this study chose ATTENTION TYPE verbs and their complements which students have memorized mechanically without semantic consideration. This study argues that complement clauses a verb may select must be explained to students on the semantic mapping between the meaning of the verb and the meaning of the complement construction for their better understanding of grammar. (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)

Lee, Yong-hun. “Type-inherited Combinatory Categorial Grammar for a Korean Fragment: with Reference to English.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 275-292. The goal of this paper is to provide an implemented grammar for a Korean fragment using a Type-inherited Combinatory Categorial Grammar (TCCG). This paper adopts a grammar engineering tool whose name is the Linguistic Knowledge Building (LKB) system. Unlike an English fragment, an implemented grammar for a Korean fragment has to include the algorithms which can handle some syntactic phenomena such as Case markers, delimiters, and scrambling. Therefore, the TCCG for Korean also has to include computational implementations for those kinds of phenomena. Among the syntactic operations, the functional application rules are applied to combine a constituent with another constituent. For semantic interpretations, Minimal Recursion Semantics (MRS) was adopted and all the semantic interpretations of phrases and sentences were compositionally calculated based on those of the constituents. (Chungnam National University)

Lee, You-Jung & Jeong, Dong-Bin. “The Effect of Collocation-based English Vocabulary Learning on Children’s Speaking Abilities”. Studies in English Language and Literature. 36.3(2010): 293-334. The purpose of the present study was to figure out how children’s speaking abilities could be improved through collocation-based vocabulary learning. It is presumed that learning English in context is highly effective for improving children’s communicative abilities in English classes, especially, speaking proficiency. To this end, this study was carried out with two groups - experimental and control - for six weeks from August to October, 2009. The results of the study were as follows: First, practicing collocation in vocabulary learning has come out positive in speaking and listening comprehension improvement. than otherwise. For this, the subjects were encouraged to draw pictures and express what they got to take in the class. Second, they have also shown increased interest in English learning with by the aid of audio-visual materials. Consequently, collocation-based vocabulary learning has been highly effective for improving children’s listening and speak skills, increasing interest in learning English. (Chung-Ang University․Chung-Ang University)

Lee, Hee-chul. “Asymmetry in the Behavior of the Verbs Make, Let, and Help.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 335-345. This paper looks into the interesting behavior of three verbs: make, let, and help. It investigates the asymmetry between make and let, on the one hand, and between make and help, on the other. Subsequently, it will show that the asymmetry is a natural result of the different force dynamic patterns of those verbs. Thus, this study explains the asymmetry phenomena employing Talmy’s(1988, 2003) force dynamics. In addition, it shows that the antagonist’s positive impingement or motion into impingement can be expressed by the instrument, not the antagonist’s negative impingement or motion out of impingement. (Chonbuk National University)

Choi, Hoon & Kang, Jeong-Hye. “The Relationship between University students’ English Learning Motivation and Strategies.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 36.3(2010): 347-373. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship of English learning motivation and strategies according to the respondents’ demographer information such as gender and school grade. 269 questionnaires were gathered and analyzed from students who are currently taking an English class at D University, which is located in Chollanamdo. The results of the study were as follows: First, the study showed that respondents’ motivation to study English is related to intrinsic motivation while they use meta-cognitive strategies most from the different learning strategies. Second, the study indicated that male students have stronger motivation to study English than female students. Additionally, the study showed that male students used more learning strategies more often than female students. Third, there is a statistical significance between meta-cognitive strategies and all learning motivation. Especially, the result states that there is a strong relationship between intrinsic motivation and meta-cognitive strategies. The researchers concluded that the learning motivation affects the learner’s learning strategies. The researchers suggest that learner’s English ability will be enhanced if they are given adequate learning motivation and proper learning strategies. (Dongshin University・Chosun University)