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Kil, Hye-ryoung. “An Ireland in Bloom: the Mythical Ireland Surviving in Ulysses.” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 1-16.An Irish reading of Ulysses discovers a structural parallel to the early Irish history and mythology that is well known to the Irish public in Joyce’s time. The three main characters, Bloom, Stephen, and Molly, all represent Irish mythic figures: the invader king of Ireland, the heir to the king, and the goddess queen of Ireland. In the Homeric parallel of the novel, Molly embodies the helpless queen who faithfully waits for the king; yet in the Irish mythic structure, Molly acts as the self-surviving queen who willingly goes to bed with the English and the Roman conquerors. By transforming the virtuous but suffering woman image of the Catholic British Ireland into the adulterous but sovereign goddess of the mythical Ireland that embraces strangers, Joyce creates a free sovereign Ireland that has survived and integrated the lengthy history of the English-Roman colonization. (Yeungnam University)

Namgung, Jae. “Shaw’s Arms and the Man: Reading the Seriousness of Comedy.” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 17-33. Shaw had turned to the humor as a vehicle for thought. The tightly knit humor of incident and character in Arms and the Man has tended to obscure the more inclusive range of Shaw’s artistic achievement in the play. Therefore this article intends to contemplate the seriousness of comedy through the thought, the spirit of prosaicness audiences who are prone to take the humor can pass over easily. The play develops three major themes. First, there is the satire on war, its heroics represented by Sergius, its prosaicness by Bluntschli. This brings into focus both the nature of the individual soldier and the tactics and psychology of warfare. Second, there is the satire on the nature of the genteel classes, on what comprises a lady, a gentleman, and servant. Third, there is an exploration of the spectrum of human disposition which ranges from the romantic to the prosaic. The themes run concurrently, coalescing at last in Act Ⅲ in terms of paradox. Illusions about war, gentility, and love are ultimately given their true perspective through prosaic awareness, but at the same time Shaw reveals with artistic sensitivity that such awareness is most vitally attached to life when it is combined with the incentive power of romance. (Yewon Arts University)

Park, Sang-man. “Mikhail Bakhtin and English-American Literary Criticism.” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 35-54. This paper aims to sum up Bakhtin’s ideas about the chronotope, heteroglossia, polyglossia, dilogism, and carnival, and to analyze their influences upon English-American literary criticism. Bakhtin’s focus on history involves his notion of the chronotope. It is the place where the knots of narrative are tied and untied. Katerina Clark draws on Bakhtin to illuminate the socialist realism. Heteroglossia makes up the underlying condition of any utterance. It situates a given utterance in a specific social, historical, and ideological context. Polyglossia is the plurality of languages, discourses, and voices interacting within the framework of the text. Numerous critics applied Bakhtin’s theories of the dialogic nature of language and especially of dialogism in the novel to wide variety of literature. The best Bakhtin-inspired studies of the novel are Holquist’s reading of Dostoevsky and Morson’s of Tolstoy. Booker, Juraga, and Ann Herrmann belong to this category. Bakhtin’s carnival is a time of festive and exuberant celebration when normal social boundaries collapse and groups from different social classes and backgrounds meet and mingle freely in a mood of irreverence. Numberous critics who have drawn on Bakhtin’s carnival include Jon Cook, Michael Bristol, Sallybrass, White, Patricia Yaeger, Robert Stam, Zack Bowen and Robert Bell. (Wonkwang University)

Kang, Hyeon-seok. “Aspectual Influence on Tense Marking in an EFL Context.” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 151-173. With the goal of examining the validity of the aspect hypothesis of Andersen & Shirai (1996) and Shirai (2007), this article investigates aspectual effects of verbs on past marking on the basis of 2077 verb tokens from 18 Korean English learners’ recorded speech produced in an EFL context. Two multivariate statistical analyses are conducted in this study for data analysis. Results of the analyses provide yet another piece of support to the aspect hypothesis. In both statistical tests, lexical aspect was chosen as s significant constraint on past marking, and telic verbs showed clearly higher probabilities of marking than atelics. This paper concludes that the effect of lexical aspect on past marking is robust, not heavily affected by language learning contexts or types of data. (Dankook University)

Elizabeth Barret Browning was the most important and highly acclaimed woman poet of the 19th century. Writing at a time when poetry was declining and also when women were considered incapable of writing serious poetry, Browning felt bereft of a poetic tradition, and was forced to create a new tradition in women’s poetry. As her poems on the subject clearly show, Barrett Browning was highly critical of the preceding generations of women poets, including Felicia Hemans and L.E.L., for their exhibition of excessive feeling and emotional offusiveness, and also for their lack of public voice. Barrett Browning’s Aurora Leigh culminates in her critique of her precursors and her efforts to create a new tradition in women’s poetry. Through the story of the life of Aurora, Barrett Browning shows readers what it meant to be a woman poet in the contemporary society and how they struggled to compromise between identities as woman and poet. At the same time, Barrett Browning presents readers with an unprecedented figure of the woman poet, radically revising the existing assumptions and conventions of women’s poetry into a new realm. (Hannam University)

Yoon, Dong-gon. “A Reading on Hemingway’s Woman in The Garden of Eden.” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 71-88. Catherine Hill in The Garden of Eden causes pain to her partners since she only seeks sexual freedom and doesn’t pay proper attention to her partner’s expectations of traditional sex roles. The Garden of Eden adds to the canon not merely another volume but a new reading of Hemingway’s sensibility. The Garden of Eden confronts sexual intimacy, marriage, and human androgyny with a wary but searching tenderness that amounts, for a man so wrapped up in masculine values and public gestures, to courage. Though The Garden of Eden, like the other Hemingway remnants, has its psychopathological aspect, the pathology is caught up into a successful artistic design. Hemingway’s heartfelt sense of women as the root of evil enforces and energizes the allegory. (Chosun University)

Yun, Suk-im. “Modernity of Emily Dickinson.” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 89-106. Emily Dickinson is one of the founders of a uniquely American poetic voice in the nineteenth century. In spite of the years and changes which separate twenty first-century readers from her, what she speaks to us appears fresh and relevant and she seems to hold a unique claim upon the mind of us. Dickinson’s poems have been admired by a vast number of widely diverse modern readers. Their modernity has proven sufficient to sustain them. This essay will focus on modernity of Dickinson’s poetry which relates Dickinson to the modern reader. Her acute observations and concern for precise detail, skepticism about the relationship between man and nature, her interest in natural subjects usually thought of as unsuitable for poetry, and her sense of self as a woman poet against a male-dominated tradition make her status as a great poet unquestionably modern. (Ulsan University)

Chang, Young-hee. “Journey as Structural Motif in “Song of Myself”.” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 107-127. Although Whitman himself emphasized the importance of seeking ‘unity’ in his “Song of Myself,” the structure of “Song of Myself” has long troubled the critics. Many critics argue that the fifty-two sections of the poem are either too ‘episodic’ or at best lacking in a structural motif that meaningfully integrates the poem. The present paper attempts to find in a journey motif the integrating force that not only ‘unites’ the fifty-two sections of the poem but also gives a meaning to the poem. Each leg of this journey can be summarized into five progressive stages: In Stage 1, the ‘I’ experiences the ecstatic moment of union with God. but is still isolated from the world. In the second and third stages, the ‘I’ takes on a journey to the outside world and expands to encompass the breadth of humanity, witnessing the dissolving of all contradictions and discrepancies. In the fourth stage, he achieves a new transcendental vision that allows a self that completely merges with the outer world. Now convinced of the interrelationship of all things, in the final stage the poet departs, promising the same journey to the reader. (Sogang University)

Cho, Eun-young. “Oleanna: Thoughts on the Flip side of Political Correctness and Language in Oleanna.” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 129-149. David Mamet’s Oleanna is a two-person drama knotting ever-tightening coils of sexual politics and power games within the academia. Carol, the student, at first, was bewildered and confused and comes to John, the professor, to ask for advice. But Carol takes John’s use of academic words and his frequent allusions as an attempt to belittle her and as lack of concern for her situation and her self-esteem. There seems to be no possibility of genuine communication between them. One reason for this, Mamet suggests, is that both of them are pursuing power over each other. As Carol awakens to her own power over him she ruthlessly distorts and changes John’s words and action into an attempted rape in the name of political correctness. Carol’s admission that the charges she made against John may be false yet cannot be denied by the accused is the dangerous possibility of language. Language in Mamet can be an unstoppable tool for the debased and the power-hungry living in corrupt world. (Jeonju University)

Park, Soon-boon. “The Interpersonal Passive in English Research Article Abstracts: It Is Argued That....” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 175-190. English research article abstracts are supposed to be written briefly and do not allow redundancies. In this limited writing, choices of marked sentences should be carefully made. Nevertheless, marked sentences such as it is argued that are not rare in academic writing. Choice of dummy it in the sentence theme does not contribute to building sentences which relate to one another and to the topic and subtopic in hand. Motivations for choice of the target construction need to be identified. This study investigates the use of anticipatory it-passives in research article abstracts in order to get an insight into the constructions. The data comprise 120 abstracts in the field of applied linguistics by NS and NNS (Korean authors). Results show that for native speakers, the choice of the anticipatory it-passive indicates that the writer really wants to be front in addressing research findings and interpretations which mean a lot to her or his own work, but intentionally remains in the background. A comparison between NS and NNS use in the target pattern shows that there could be a possibility that beginning or inattentive writers might not have awareness of its appropriate use. (University of Ulsan)

Yang, Yong-jun. “The Diachronic Survey of Grammaticalization in English and Korean.” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 191-217. The purpose of this paper is to identify “Overlapping Model” and “Metonymic-Metaphorical Model” of the grammaticalization theories as comprehensive ones in explaining language change phenomena in Korean as well as in English. This paper defines grammaticalization as the property that consists in the increase of the range of a morpheme advancing from a lexical to a grammatical status, from a concrete to an abstract meaning or from a less grammatical to a more grammatical status, e.g., from a derivative formant to an inflectional one. And grammaticalization theory is investigated both from a synchronic and a diachronic angles. The Overlapping Model and Metonymic-Metaphorical Model are remarkable ones to be applied to many cases of grammaticalization. As a result of grammaticalization, many lexical items around the world undergo these process and new functional words can be found, but nobody can be sure that it is the end of the language change. (Cheju National University)

Yuk, Jun-cheol. “Wh-Movement and Motivation of its Successive Cyclicity.” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 219-235. Many arguments have been presented to explain that movement in a simple sentence takes place as a result of derivation of linguistic expression and in terms of Case Filter. However, few research have been found to explore the reason why wh-movement out of a finite clause takes place. So many researchers tried to examine the motivation of wh-movement through subjancency condition especially in Principle and Parameter Grammar, which was successful in accounting for the result of the successive cyclicity of wh-movement, but not the motivation of the successive cyclicity of wh-movement. This paper tried to explore successive cyclicity of wh-movement triggered by a property of movement itself based on Boškobić(2002, in press) who argues that the intermediate EPP is filled as a result of the requirement of successive cyclicity and undergoing feature checking has a freezing effect in that it prevents X from undergoing further movement, not by a property of intermediate heads based on Chomsky(1995) who claims that movement is triggered by feature checking between the attractor and the attracted, which means that the motivation for the intermediate steps in the embedded clause does not seem to be clear, and Chomsky(1999, 2000) who claims that the EPP is the requirement that some functional heads must have a specifier. (Youngnam Cyber University)

Yoon, Kyo-chan. “Some Suggestions for the Settlement of New Reformative Plans for Curriculum Design in the English Education Program and New English Teacher Exam Format.” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 237-256. Ministry of Education has recently taken some reformative actions regarding curriculum design in the English teacher training program and current teacher exam format. According to new reformative plans, students who want to have English teacher’s certificate should face tighter curriculum requirements starting in 2008. And to pass the tests for teachers of English they must pass through three stages including English essay writing, listening and speaking skills test. To make these reformative plans effective, however, there need some complementary measures to be taken in the new curriculum design. And to bring positive “wash-back effect,” teacher’s exam should take more effective assessment format than before. This paper attempts to analyze the new reformative plans, and upon the analysis, to present some problem-solving measures. (Hannam University)

Jeong, Dong-bin & Kim, Hye-jeong. “A Model of Online Training Programs for Childhood English Teachers.” Studies on English Language and Literature. 33.3(2007): 257-286. The purpose of this study is to construct a system for continuing education while developing a model for online childhood English education training that will improve the following skills: communicative competence and improved teaching techniques. In order to accomplish this, first, the current status of online training programs in Korea was evaluated and areas of improvement were sought, second, a survey of childhood English teachers who wished to participate in training programs regarding methodology and contents was undertaken and analyzed. With these results as a starting point, a system for online training programs for childhood English language teachers was designed, and three different models were developed. The models are as follows: for private institutions and professional associations an Online Basic CETS-TESOL Program(2 weeks/20 hours), an Online Supplementary CETS-TESOL Program(6 weeks/60 hours), and the Online Intensive CETS-TESOL Program(12 weeks/120 hours). Combining the programs developed through this study and the programs offered by institutions that require student attendance would undoubtedly substantially increase the effectiveness of training programs. (Chung-Ang University․Chung-Ang University)