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Kang, Oksun. “The Doors of Perception & Narrow Chinks of His Cavern”: Rereading of Blake’s Poetry. Studies in English Language & Literature. 42.2 (2016): 1-16. This paper seeks to study "the doors of perception and narrow chinks of his cavern" from Blake's lyrics through prophetic poetry. My focus will be given to William Blake's poetic efforts to reveal his prophetic perception against the rational thinking surroundings in the eighteenth century. This topic can be applied to many poems including Blake's Songs of Experience, Marriage of Heaven and Hell, Visions of the Daughters of Albion, and Jerusalem. The affirmation of art was crucial to Blake, and art was an essential expression of the nature of life, independent of rational restrictions. Blake's poetry functions to raise us into a prophetic perception of the infinite. The dark images of a cavern, chain and dungeon are used to illustrate our limited perception in the mechanized industrial society. It is clear that if our doors of perception were cleansed, everything would appear to us as it is. (Dongseo University)

Kim, Jeongho. “hooks and Hansberry: Shaping a New Type of Black Masculinity.” Studies in English Language & Literature 42.2 (2016): 17-36. Though Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun holds a central place in the Afro-American drama canon, her dissection of a black family’s quest for material stability and psychological fulfillment raises multiple questions about her inscription of the male characters. Hansberry sets her stance between sticking to an African set of values and holding the generally acknowledged universal themes. Her black male characters in A Raisin in the Sun, however, are fully motivated and well developed for their own conflict and resolution. Hansberry’s male characters can be seen full and round through bell hooks‘ vision of black masculinity. The so-called new type of black male refers to those who break with macho masculinity and care for their souls and inner lives, who are responsible to self, to family and friends, and to society, and who are capable of understanding how those responsibilities are, ultimately, inseparable. (Chonbuk National University)

Park, Busoon. “The Comparison of Romeo and Juliet and The Chun Hyang Story.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 42.2 (2016): 37-58. This paper examines the comparison of Romeo and Juliet and The Chun Hyang Story under the theme of love. Romeo and Juliet are 17 and 14 respectively, while Chun Hyang and Lee Mong Ryong's ages are the same, at the age of 16. The young couples fall in love at first sight, but Romeo and Juliet are torn apart by the struggle between two families, and Chun Hyang and Lee Mong Ryong break up because of difference in their social status. However, in the process of separation, Romeo and Juliet end up dead due to excessive passion and hot temper; meanwhile Chun Hyang and Lee Mong Ryong achieve a happy reunion owing to patience and prudence. Despite the superficial difference of death and reunion, the internal meaning of the two works is the same. The reason is that the death of Romeo and Juliet involves eternal love beyond death and provides a new order of peace in two feudal families. Therefore, the two works can be read as “the catharsis” of tragic custom in Western literature and “the throwing out of the deep sorrow” of humorous convention in Korean literature. (Chonbuk National University)

Sohn, Nagyung. “Guinea and James Wait's Blackness as Allegory.” Studies in English Language & Literature 42.2 (2016): 59-79. This article is to investigate the blackness of Guinea and James Wait, the black characters of The Confidence-man: His Masquerade and The Nigger of the "Narcissus". These two novels share prominent similarities in regard to the blackness of Guinea and Wait. Guinea and Wait are the lone black men surrounded by the white in both narratives. Even though their presence is confined to a small portion of the entire tale, Guinea and Wait disrupt and test order among the white characters. Their blackness, or their black bodies, are not only a physical feature, but also a symbol of the ambivalent features of the darkness: the weak and humble black appearance and black contagious potency concealed behind its weak appearance. The dark power that these characters signify is able to dissolve the people’s morals and the white seamen’s solidarity. However, Guinea and Wait play different roles in each narrative; that is, Guinea opens the door for the passengers to get into the world of trickery, but the crew of the Narcissus successfully upholds its solidarity against Wait’s darkness. (Keimyung University)

Shin, Younghun. “Credibility of the Narrator and Ethics of the Other: A Study on Chang-rae Lee’s On Such a Full Sea.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 42.2 (2016): 81-104. This article aims to analyze On Such a Full Sea by Chang-rae Lee, focusing on the complex composition of the narrator and Fan’s ethics of the Other. So far critical attention has been paid mainly to the diasporic subjectivity of the first person plural narrators. What matters, however is that the narrators make it clear that they have no intention of being objective reporters of the heroine’s quest. Rather, they take a moral stance through which they freely interpret or even fabricate the details of her journey. They purposely sacrifice their own credibility as narrators so that they can induce readers to follow and reconstruct the exact details of her pursuits. The future dystopia is a tripartite society of stratified classes. Fan leaves her home in B-Mor in search of her missing boyfriend and the father of her unborn child. The narrators deliver us her story because they believe or hope to believe that her adventure could inspire us to dream of a better world. Faced with a series of unexpected adversities, she behaves not on the ethic of reciprocity but rather on ethics of the Other. In other words, she would stand up for the good of others at the risk of hurting herself or even losing her own life. It cannot be said that Fan herself tried to transform the society of rigidly stratified classes. Instead, the narrators would like to invite the readers to engage in the movement to change the world. (Hansung University)

Woo, Seungjeung. “The Politics of the Metadrama in the Love of the Nightingale.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 42.2 (2016): 105-124. This study focuses on the characteristics of the metadrama and its theatrical and political effects in The Love of the Nightingale by Timberlake Wertenbaker. Metadrama is the drama on the drama which uses the theatrical apparatus for awakening the audience to perceive the message of the drama, not being absorbed into it. It helps the audience keep a distance from the theatrical illusions and not passively accept the contents on stage as truth. This is because realism dramas represent life-like scenes where characters are realistic, and lessons and messages are outwardly true. However, they often distort the reality and truth, and are used for instilling dominant ideology and culture and reinforcing the existing system. The Love of the Nightingale rewrites the Greek myth of Philomela and Procne, but it adopts metadramatic strategies such as directly speaking to the audience and the play within the play. It also uses elements of ancient dramas including chorus and bare stage. These strategies change terrible acts of violences in the Philomela story into messages for our time. They also help recognize what has been behind the repeated violence and its circular mechanism up until today, which allows the audience to reinterpret the meaning of the violence in the myth. (Chosun University)

Cho, Yongjae. “Love, Salvation, and Death in King Lear and The Iceman Cometh.” Studies in English Language and Literature. 42.2 (2016): 125-140. William Shakespeare’s King Lear shows the perplexity of life like death through such figurative expressions as “a wheel of fire” and “the rack of this tough world.” Eugene O’Neill’s The Iceman Cometh is a play on Salesman Hickey’s death and deals with the theme of death brought about by the fact that the self-images, which guide the characters’ lives, turn out to be illusions made by themselves. Hickey in The Iceman Cometh is an iceman who invites the peace of death with him, and another iceman who is not coming yet but breathing hard is the bridegroom who is going to die bravely, that is to say, King Lear in King Lear. The aim of this study is to understand love, death, and salvation between father and daughter, husband and wife, and mother and son in King Lear and The Iceman Cometh. Cordellia's real love for her father, King Lear and Lear's devotional love for his daughter, Cordelia, Evelyn's blind love for her husband, Hickey and Hickey's devotional love for his wife, Evelyn, Parritt's excessive love for his mother, Rosa and Rosa's deficient love for her son, Parritt, and the Christian salvation of Cordellia and Hickey as the symbol of saviour, Christ or the Messiah, all of them, ultimately, can come to perfection through their deaths like an actual sacrifice and downfall. Shakespeare and O'Neill present this love, death, and salvation as an important theme in King Lear and The Iceman Cometh. (Wonkwang University)

Suh, Kyungsook. “In the Web 2.0 Era, Studies on Teaching Methods of English Poetry through Digital DIY(Do-It-Yourself) Building.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 42.2 (2016): 141-159. This paper examines the problems of existing teaching methods of English literature at colleges and presents digital humanities pedagogies that can be used in English literature courses that have faced challenges inside and out. First, this paper introduces world digital humanities research trends and presents rationales of digital humanities pedagogies for English literature because, so far, the digital humanities have mostly focused on research and development of digital tools. Second, this paper examines the virtues of Do-It-Yourself project-based teaching methods using digital technologies that can enhance students’ creativity as well as knowledge on English and American literatures and cultures. Lastly, this paper presents specific examples and class activities which I applied in my classes for the last four years, and also elaborates on how to use some digital tools to write digital literary works. These methods can help teachers to incorporate digital tools with humanistic knowledge on literature in their literature classes. (Chungnam National University)

Sung, Ilho. “On the New English Teaching Method through Open Texts.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 42.2 (2016): 161-185. TV shows and game texts can narrow the gap between course-book texts and natural usage. Especially foreign language learners feel disconnected from the real use of the English of the inner circle. This issue must be dealt with so that all English learning students are given access to the real English provided through open texts such as TV shows and games. The purpose of this study is to analyze and compare learning components of the open texts and its response from the students. A test for imperative mood in the TV shows and a questionnaire survey about attitudes towards the game texts were carried out. A total of 60 English Education major students took part in the experiment during the fall semester of 2015. The questionnaire used 22 questions to measure course experience of the English texts of the two games. Based on the results of the study, suggestions for providing students with an awareness and importance of open texts were made. (Wonkwang University)

Dongil, Shin & Woojin Shim. “Re-visiting TV Advertizement on English Language Learning: From the Perspectives of Ecological Language Education.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 42.2 (2016): 187-211. This paper aims to criticize television advertisements on English language learning from the perspectives of ecological language learning. All the spoken texts of TV commercials on English language learning, which appeared between 2008 and 2015, were collected and transcribed for this study. The spoken texts were divided into the following three domains: 1) affective and cognitive variables in English language learning, 2) learning methodology and tools, and 3) English proficiency and success in life. Then the categorized texts were discussed through the alternative and critical discourse of ecological language learning(van Lier, 2004). In the TV advertisements, English language learning was often viewed through the lenses of modernist language ideology, where English language is still an input-output to be intrapersonally controlled, or an entity to be mastered for successful life. It was also implied that language learning is a matter of individual activity. From the ecological perspectives, however, the target language for learning is expanded into a constantly emergent set of linguistic possibilities. Language learning involves the multilayered nature of interaction and language use. It is hoped that the ecological viewpoints become a key foundation for alternative discourse in English language education, even in the media context. (Chungang University)

Oh, Kwan Young. “A study of the distributions and realizations of variants in the English voiceless alveolar stop.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 42.2 (2016): 213-237. The purpose of this study is to analyze the sound distribution of Korean speakers of English in terms of their pronunciations of the voiceless alveolar stop /t/ in six different contexts. We want to identify what kinds of variant sounds of the /t/ in each context were realized and also compare those sounds with the variant sounds of Americans in the same contexts. As a consequence of analyses, we confirmed that Koreans still lacked the knowledge of phonological contexts such as the difference between stressed and unstressed syllables and the relation between variant types and their contexts in which /t/ occurred. Also, we recognized that they pronounced the /t/ as an aspirated sound whenever it preceded a vowel. In addition, an interesting fact observed from Koreans was that the /t/ was realized as several types as in [th], [ɾ], RV(release and vowel insertion), and [d] in the intervocalic(foot-internal) context ((ˈ)V__V), and also in #__(word-initial) context, as in [ts], [t], [t˺], RV, and [·]. Through statistical analyses of R, we recognized that the differences in the measured values of close phase, VOT(Voice Onset Time), and the aggregate of the two between Koreans and Americans were significant. Finally, it was shown that each of the values of close phase, VOT, and the aggregate of the two were affected by both the speakers of the two groups and the contexts of variants through Interaction Plot. (Chonnam National University)

Eun, Ho-yoon. “A Comparative Analysis of Conjunctive Adverbials Between Korean EFL and Native English Writers in English Abstracts of Doctoral Dissertations.” Studies in English Education & Literature. 42.2 (2016): 239-262. The aim of the study is to compare the use of some conjunctive adverbials between Korean EFL writers and native English writers in academic writing. For this study, ten English abstracts of doctoral dissertations in sociology were adopted for the corpus. Five of them were written by Korean EFL writers and the rest were written by native English writers. Of various conjunctive adverbials, resultive and concessive adverbials were chosen for this study. Frequency, preference and synthetic positions in the sentences were compared between both groups. Results are as follows : First, Korean EFL writers used both adverbials more often than native English writers. This is explained in that while Korean EFL writers rely on these adverbials heavily in order to express and confirm sentence relativity, native English writers do not depend on them much. Second, the resultive adverbial favored the most by Korean EFL writers was therefore, and the concessive adverbial preferred above all by Korean EFL writers was however. native English writers showed balanced use of adverbials. Third, while Korean EFL writers put most of resultive adverbials in the sentence-initial position, they put more concessive adverbials in non sentence-initial positions. This phenomenon may have resulted from the interference of L1 and the result of conventional English education in Korea. (Chonbuk National University)

Chung, Yun Hee. “Categorial Discrimination in the Perception and Production of English Vowels by Korean EFL Learners: A Case Study.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 42.2 (2016): 263-282. The present study compares the perception and production of 9 English vowels produced by 20 Korean EFL learners. Two experiments were conducted with the same Korean participants: (i) a production test measuring the Euclidean distances between the first two formants of each English vowel and comparing them with those of native speakers’, and (ii) a perception test using an oddity discrimination test to measure the discrimination rate of vowel contrasts. The results of the experiments suggested that Korean learners had great difficulties in discriminating between the members of the adjacent vowel pairs in their production. On the contrary, it was found that the participants' good discrimination in perception does not necessarily mean high differentiation values in the production. These findings imply that the current L2 models (PAM/SLM) cannot account for Korean learners' production and perception. (Chonnam National University)

Zhang, Hua. “Acquiring the Passive Voice: Developmental Patterns of English Passive Constructions by Chinese EFL Learners.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 42.2 (2016): 283-303. The purpose of this study was to explore the developmental patterns of English passives with reference to learners’ proficiency. To this end, we collected data from 51 lower-level and 54 higher-level college students. A Chinese-English translation was first conducted to see how learners acquired target English passives objectively, and a difficulty evaluation was given to see whether learners’ subjective judgments were identical with their performances in translation. Three results were found. First, learners’ acquisition of English passives follows a relatively fixed order. The objective and subjective orders are statistically significant and consistent. Second, the orders can be further represented by hierarchies, which are more stable and consistent with NOH (Natural Order Hypothesis). Third, learners’ acquisition also exhibits transitional stages, in the process of which the grammaticalization of English passives gradually approximates the level of native speakers’. Based on the findings, a Natural Acquisition Stability and Variability Hypothesis is tentatively proposed, which includes a theoretically fixed natural order and an actualized variable order. These results indicate that although the acquisition order is stable, it is not strictly linear, but non-linear with unevenly paced twists and turns in the acquisition. (Kangwon National University / Weifang University)