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This paper is discussed about the issue of desire in the Yu Ha’s poems. About the time of 1990, Human endure a transitional period from modern to post-modern. Yu Ha checks in the changes of human’s consciousness and sense. Now, Hu Ha starts to express post-modern human’s desire, not human to process project of great story. In Yu Ha’s poems, human desire is narcissism and passivity of desire. These desire is well shown in the apgujeong-dong and seunsangga. The apgujeong-dong is subversive point that is full of desire. The desire is desire of oppression of other, and desire of myself or narcissism. The seunsangga is place that notices to transfer Subject’s desire into other’s desire. Yu Ha wants to escape from desire, but hope to escape is the another desire. As Yu Ha try an extreme of desire, he hopes to escape from desire. But this is a hallucination. This is kitsch. Or Yu Ha have to concept invention of hanadae. The is hanadae is pseud-transcendent spot. Yu Ha thinks and understands that transcendency is in everyday life. The transcendency is not far distant. Human are having desire and transcendency. And Human’s everyday life is a series of miracles transcendency. This thought shows post-modern human between desire and transcendency.

The purpose of this study is to clearly explain the meaning and the characteristic of descriptive image of Kim Chun-Su’s poetries. Kim Chun-Su, who passed the period of Japanese domination and the Korean war, inquire into the pure words not contaminated by history, ideology and violence. Nonsense poetry he wrote comes from the effort to rescue the poetries from the violence of idea in the words. Contrary to metaphorical image which have the idea in the back, descriptive image is the one to remove the idea and to be only the image for image. Descriptive image is the starting point to get to Nonsense poetry as well as the turning point. Kim Chun-su is fully aware of the descriptive image in the poetries for the ‘flower’ which are written in the last of first poetry term. After the result of analysis of Folwer, I can make sure that Kim Chun-Su has the conscious of characteristics of descriptive images and nonsense poetries. This study tried to summarize the characteristics of descriptive images into three; ①epoche, ②vacant state and free association, ③autonomy of image. Epoche, which is the philosophical term in Husserl’s phenomenology, is used in order to break stereotypical thought, anthropocentric attitude and force of habit in Kim Chun-Su’s poetries. In order to execute epoche, he tries to take out the explanations in his poetries. One of the useful way to remove them is to control the verbs just to block the idea to penetrate into the subjects or the nouns. Vacant state, which is interested by Surrealism as the way of poetry writing, is the pure state of mind free from control of reason. This way is interestingly used to make the realities of life and to watch the empty world. If the poet call the name of the invisible thing with its motion, color and fragrance by the poetic intuition, he can experience the happening that lots of other words are gathered into those things. This is very the free association. The autonomy of image is realized when the image comes into the poetry for itself and works autonomously, not wear the idea passively provided by the poetic addresser in the poem. When the image of things hided in their inside calmly obtains the autonomy in the poetry, it opens its inner side and shows the hided ultimate truth.

Yoon Dong-ju is a cultural symbol which evokes the collective memory of Yanbian and mediates the formation of its people’s identity. To remember Yoon Dong-ju in Yanbian means to evoke their collective memory through him while, at the same time, projecting that collective memory onto this specific cultural symbol. Especially since the 1990s, the collective memory of Chosun people began to be materialized through space as memorials of Yoon Dong-ju were constructed or restored and various commemorations for him took place in the process of urbanization of Yanbian. The process of discourse formation around the memories of Yoon Dong-ju mediated by memorials is also a process of intervention by different groups, capital, and power. There appears a process in which the South Korean capital, the Chinese state authority, and Chosun people’s ethnic characteristics and demands are intervening each other collaborating and conflicting in accordance with their strategic necessities. The logic of distinctiveness, which appeared as Yoon Dong-ju’s “nationality” was emphasized in the recent memorialization discourse, also shows the present condition of Chosun people whose identity can neither entirely be included in the category of “nationality” or “ethnicity” nor exist outside the categorical frame. Yanbian is a space of memory where the strained and conflictual relationship among the memories and identities of China, Korea, and Chosun people is presented through the commemoration of Yoon Dong-ju.

Family separation resulted from division of two Koreas starts from describing of parting of one’s loved family and expands to North Korea defector issue. Against this backdrop, tragedy of family separation do not just ends as experiencing the war, therefore adds the seriousness to the problem. Also, this tragedy will not be solved unless Korea is unified. As a result, the novels that deal with division of two Korea can identify the tragic family relation from division. First, ‘Worn out fleshes’ of Lee In-ho, shows one family whose members delay the time while waiting for the eldest daughter who never comes back and confirms the division become permanent. Also, ‘No Title’ of Yoon, Heung-gil describes the tragic situation from lost of hometown and family separation as a breakdown of personal life and financial destitution. And such tragedies are again expressed as next generation’s possibility of overcoming division. Park Wan-seo’s ‘That Year the Winter was Warm’ projected a problematic situation that is resulted when family separation, a historical substance, is connected to ‘imaginary’. Lastly, ‘Observation of Father’ of Choi, Yoon can show the possibility of overcoming division by narrowing the differences after meeting long lost family. After the mid-1990’s, issues on separated families and North Korean defectors rose as major social issues and, those novels based on these issues can be a meaningful process to explore and investigate Koreans’ problem. Especially the novels dealt in first part of this paper confirmed the forced escape without choice, which is not voluntary desertation that are largely from anti-communism ideology. Also, novels also showed the dark side of capitalism that ignores the human rights of North Korean defectors and disregards them as objects. These novels raises a question of underlying problem of what to reflect to solve the divided situation of today.

In 1948, Yeom sang-seob’s Hyopung was written by Confrontational situation of ideology but looking at the contents of the newspaper contributed by him is that we know it was written in purity of the literature in other words this novel must not be important to philosophy and ideology. Yeom sang-seob’s middle idea which was not partial to any of the ideas is important to purity of the literature. his efforts on hard focusing on literature is involved in the problem of love or life rather than philosophy or ideology. In hyopung, an event occurs frequently due to the character’s emotional flow. the center of these feelings is love. the love with semantic concentric in novel cause influence and around it there are several conclusions of state examination appeared to the left-right confrontation and the perception of the United States. South Korean society after liberation has problem of life issues. The economic life index of South Korean appeared in Hyopung represents the contradictory aspects from starting liberation. Before liberation elite people for honor kept poor life or going down status even after liberation. Materialism is important products for a long time, but it becomes getting more important after liberation. The Hyopung tell us love between a man and a woman and problem of the life after liberation than ideology.

This paper examines Kim Dongri’s early works to track down his literary path that made ‘salvation’ one of critical topics of his literature. Kim’s works describe the limitation of violent modern system that disapproves salvation in principle, and seek out alternate possibilities. Thus, they can be can be interpreted as a problematic text that attempt to supersede crisis in secular life. In this context, Kim Dongri is an author who has looked for the possibility of salvation by religious imagination, the Buddhist imagination in particular. Kim’s literature does not solely deal with the Buddhist imagination but incorporates religious imaginations of Shamanism and Christianity. It is what makes his literature special in the history of Korean literature. Yet this paper argues that it is important to pay attention to the Buddhist imagination when it comes to the theme of salvation, and it provides a ground to study how his literary works are connected to the Buddhist imagination.

This paper deals with recognition problem of the gap between myth and history through historical understanding the myth of King Kim Sooro. Myth is a story treating the origin of existence of god. Myth can weave history and fiction carefully together in a story through intercrossing a wide diverse perspectives on the question of the origin and history. Many is the time that an important historical fact can be revealed. The veil of myth that has remained in mist of history can be removed through great endeavor or accidental event. This moment is the time when a new horizon of history is opened, This epoch-making discovery occasionally happened in the history of mankindThere were many great discoveries in history. For example, Heinrich Schliemann(1882~1890) who was German amateur archeologist unearthed the remains of ancient Troy in 1873. In the Ching dynasty, metallurgist Wangeuyong(1845~1900) made an accidental discovery of inscriptions on bones and tortoise carapace. A farmer plowing a field discovered the tombstone of King Moonmu the Great in Silla dynasty in 1776. In 1954, the gravestone of Daedang the late Mrs. Kim was excavated by Gwakgatan in suburb of Seoan, Soemseo, China, which was known to us after 45 years,The discoveries of the tombstone of King MoonMu the Great and the gravestone of Daedang the late Mrs. Kim is worthy of being called a revolutionary occurrence in ancient Korean history. This makes us think of why Koreans hold a global perspective. A tiny historical record which was discovered by accident can make it possible to have great interpretation of history and to have great value. This discovery helps fill the gap between myth and history. These records can promote awareness of historical souls of cultural citizen of the world hidden in our spirit. It helps recognize the world development possibility of Korean culture in a new light and play significant role in constructing identity of cultural citizen of the world. In order to become a new creative member of cultural citizen of the world, we should not neglect an academic effort to excavate and interpret the traces of cultural citizen of the world.

Pak Mikhail is on the 5th generation in the Koryo-in(人). Koryo-in(人) means generally Koreans who have been lived around Central Asia since 1937, forced deportation by Stalin of old Soviet Russia. In this thesis, I intend to find universality and individuality of Koryo-in(人) literature through the works of Pak Mikhail. Inside of his mind, there are special emotion asKoryo-in(人), like immigration and suffering from settlement or collapse of Soviet Union. His works were published in Korea which through out over his life, not a limited time or periods. He also had exhibition several times as a painter in Korea, Seoul, Gunsan and so on. So he stayed in Seoul many times. According to his career, heros in his novel are mainly painters. Also he wrote long story which regarded as autobiographical novels. For example, <At the foot of hill of angels, 천사들의 기슭> is autobiographical novel. <Sunflowers flutter in the wind, 해바라기 꽃잎 바람에 휘날리다> descript the process of settlement to Russia of his ancestor. So, he is proper writer to research the universality and individuality of Koryo-in(人) literature. Hero as a painter, that is writer himself, lives like nomadic people, from here to there, not settled. Thus question about existence, a sense of emptiness in life, a vagabond and nostalgia and so on, are the basis of his literature. So to speak, universality and individuality of Koryo-in(人) literature came from Russian melancholy and Korean national emotion according to the works of Pak Mikhail.

This article, while North Korea North Korea, Kim Jong-un era into the country for the integration of the whole society to take advantage of women, how is the study of naganeunga. Kim Jong-un era of militarism and state-of-the-art system, the crisis broke showing a willingness to resolve the North Korean women on many modifiers are naesewoogo and policies. This phenomenon is expressed in literary text, literary discourse and the role of the female archetype has rules and representations. This literary discourse and text shapes the national ideology of the North Korean women and gender ideology littered with the process of being defined as a member of society, the role and status will be discussed. The North Country and the nation-state family, militarism, which has the characteristics of a country to maintain Kim Jong-un era driven by the principle ‘Kim patriotism’ to highlight most advanced breakthroughs have driven the national members. North Korea Kim Jong-un era women with a revolutionary resistance to mother adopt it as an example of this being the home forearms, and North Korea's most advanced era update the speed and production independence requirements as the principal receives state-of-the-art attachment and on the march Broke faith, love, commitment is required to. Overall, the revolutionary role of North Korean women, active social activities, loyalty to country, country director for the gratitude is emphasized. Kim Jong-un era modernization of the profession of women and improve social status and role of women, but the value is still loyal to the country will be evaluated from a number of countries that are planning under the control of the revolutionary slogans and planning is required to participate. Women’s true worth and happiness to the individual rather than the social element is true femininity.

The sequence novel in Gim Nam-cheon's works comes in six varieties. These sequence novels commonly shows the successional process. The process is designed to overcome alienation. The aspect of alienation in sequence novels shows up betrayal as a motif. The betrayal is a multiple. For example, lovers and married couple carry on with another person, intellectuals turn from Radical to Conservative. Characters break their's promise with people and the spirit of the times. Such ‘Entfremdung (Germanize)’ is alienation. At this point, the cause of alienation is Japanese imperialism and capitalism. These are generational thing. From a series of short-story to ‘The wast’ create the marginalized characters. ‘The aquarium of love’ is offering the possibility of human happiness to overcome the alienation. The possibility occur when people followed the natural law of justice. So, the people throw away any greed, and have to devote oneself to others. At this point, as ‘The fifteenth of August in 1945’ shows, the aim of justice is realizing the collectivity. To reach this conclusion that vulgarity is responsible for important roles, in Gim Nam-cheon’s sequence novel. The vulgarity is also another pillar in sequence novels. That is to say, the vulgarity is filter system. The filter system make people realize the really necessary alienation in their times. The individual cannot help falling in vulgarity. And the reason is external influences: feudalism, Japanese imperialism and capitalism. Therefore, the text emphasize a social reform and a collectivity. That’s the way that we can overcome the alienation. The sequence novel would have enabled writer to do experimental work.