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The construction of new socialist pasture is a huge systematic project, involving the whole aspects of production and life in pastoral areas. This article takes the cow cultivation in Heishantou town in Eerguna city in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as the example, investigates and analyzes the practical difficulties and the questions faced with the pasture, especially the areas of the cow cultivation. Emphasizing that the construction of new socialist pasture is a long-term historic task, and it cannot be completed in one single day.

中国开展的社会主义新牧区建设涉及到牧区生产生活的方方面面，是一项庞 大的系统工程。本文以内蒙古自治区额尔古纳市黑山头镇奶牛养殖为例，调查分析了牧 区特别是奶牛养殖区的实际困难和所面临的问题。强调了社会主义新牧区建设是长远的 历史任务，绝不是一朝一夕就能够完成的。

This thesis conducts a comprehensive and systematic investigation on the status quo and development of the Russian homestay tour in Eerguna area of China. According to the statistics in 2000, the population of Chinese Russian is 15,609, including 7,365 men and 8,244 women. Choosing Chinese Russian as the object of study is due to the reason that the Chinese Russian is the result of the intermarriage between the Russians and Chinese, and the area of Eerguna is the most centralized area that the Chinese Russians occupied. Moreover, according to the physical characteristics, the Chinese Russians have both the cultural characteristics of Russian and Chinese, just this particularity causes the local conditions and social customs of Chinese Russian charm, and become the resources that the local government takes seriously and develops the activity of Russian homestay tour. This is also our Original intention to pay attention to the Russian homestay tour. Meanwhile, we are also looking forward to the healthy development of the Russian homestay tour particularly in nowadays′ global attaching importance to the Tourism Market.

本文系统地调查了额尔古纳市俄罗斯族家庭游的现状。根据2000 年的统计，中国有 俄罗斯族人口15609 人，而在内蒙古自治区的额尔古纳市有俄罗斯族人口2079 人。此 外，还有一部分人口被称为“华俄后裔”。 选择俄罗斯族作为研究对象，是因为中国的俄罗斯族是俄罗斯人与华人通婚的结果。 额尔古纳地区则是俄罗斯族人口分布最为集中的地区。而且从体质特征上看，中国的俄 罗斯族兼具俄罗斯人和华人两个族群的文化特点。这种特殊性使俄罗斯族风情独具魅力, 成为当地政府重视和开展俄罗斯族家庭游活动的资源。这也正是我们关注俄罗斯族家庭 游活动的初衷。同时也期待着民族文化旅游在全球重视旅游的今天能够向着健康的方向 发展。

Although there is no direct relationship between the size of the country and development, in the epoch of globalization, developing countries of small size are facing more complicated problems than developing countries of larger size. The principal concern is if small states have any problems related to the foreign market or foreign relations, they are fundamentally less capable than other countries of adequately resisting and adapting because of their lack of physical and financial resources. Although all small countries are facing different globalization challenges, their internal and external environments are dissimilar. Therefore, small countries need more country-specific strategies in order to benefit from globalization. In this paper, the focus is on Mongolia. As Professor Christopher Atwood from Indiana University said, “Mongolia is one of a small fraternity of ‘sandwich’ countries, which are entirely contained between other powers.” Additionally, Mongolia is an ex-communist country, which is struggling to build a parliamentary democracy with a market economy. Therefore, the country’s specific conditions and challenges for globalization differ a lot from the ones of the other small developing countries. The presenting paper explains, first, the needs of Mongolia for globalization in the light of geopolitical, economic, and socio-cultural contexts. It is important to highlight that in the case of Mongolia, its traditional and transitional difficulties challenge its efforts toward globalization. Second, some possible development strategies or trends, which are based on the Mongolian current reality, are discussed.

Scientific efforts have gone toward tackling desertification in Mongolia since the Mongolian-Turkmen joint dryland study project implemented in 1990. These works mainly concentrated on defining desertification, determining its causes, assessing its spatial distribution and severity, as well as defining appropriate methods to rehabilitate and restore desertified land ensuring sustainable livelihood in drylands. This paper presents results of the study conducted in period of 2004-2007 in purpose to assess extent and severity of desertification/land degradation in Mongolia. Mongolia is facing a serious desertification problem. Most of the affected areas are located in the southern, western and south east parts of the country. They are caused by both environmental settings and inappropriate human activities. To date according to the assessment researches totally 72 per cents of the territory more or less desertified of which 23 % - slightly, 26 % moderately, 18 % heavily and 5 % very heavily. Some of the problems facing Mongolian researchers are how to define desertification properly and how to assess the exact role played by human-related and environmental factors in desertification. Due to the insufficient amount of data collected, it is difficult to differentiate the impact of anthropogenic desertification effectively from that of environmental desertification.

It’s been quite long time since Mongolia had been proceeding in economic system. But there are still negative factors in economic and social level in Mongolia, because of destroyed system to provide with domestic industries raw materials sustained and secure, especially for private sectors which are based on livestock raw materials. With the purpose to reduce negative effects and to make economic system run effectively in our country, we are on demand to establish well organized system of raw materials procurement system which is proper with our character of nomadic culture, geographic situation, and level of economic development and also suitable for method of economic system. “Agriculture market” is considered to accomplish these necessities and requirements, thus we have written our offering and conclusion to enable legal environment of raw material market.

미국의 서브프라임모기지 부실로 촉발된 금융위기는 이제 전 세계의 자본시장을 뒤흔들고 있다. 미국의 다우지수는 연일 900 포인트 이상 등락을 하며 자본시장 형성 이후 최대의 고비를 맞고 있다. 유럽, 중국, 일본 등 전 세계의 환율, 주가 등 모든 경제지표가 연일 급등락하고 있다. 위기는 곧 기회다. 스트롱 전 유엔 사무차장은 최근 국제 경제위기는 아시아에는 기회라고 하였다. 하지만 기회와 더불어 빈곤 부패 등 다양한 도전 요인들이 존재한다. 이 문제들을 해결하기 위해서는 국가간 협력이 필수다. 이에 본 연구에서는 아시아의 급부상이 예견되는 현시점에서 동북아시아지역의 경제협력 모델에 대해 다루었다. 경제통합의 형태적 접근에는 기능적 통합과 산업통합 등에 대해 EU 의 사례와 동북아시아지역의 핵심인 중국과 일본의 지역적 특성에 대해 분석하였다. 이상과 같은 관련자료 분석 결과 동북아시아지역 경제통합 모델의 촉진요인은 첫째, 세계화와 정보기술의 발전은 사회문화지수 중 정보화 지수에서 타 지역에 비해 높은 점수로 나타나고 있는데 정보화는 지식기반 사회의 도래를 촉진하기 때문에 동북아시아지역 경제통합 신모델에서 교육과 지식인의 역할이 매우 중요하다. 다른 지역보다 빠른 경제 성장률과 높은 역내무역비중이라는 촉진요인은 앞의 통합지수 분석에서 상대적으로 높은 기능적 통합지수로 나타나며, 동북아시아지역 경제통합 신모델에서는 성숙한 기능적 통합을 제도적으로 통합으로 전환시킬 정치적 리더십의 중요성으로 반영된다. 1990 년대 말의 아시아 외환위기 이후 형성된 동북아지역통합의 필요성에 대한 공감대라는 촉진요인은 정치안보지수 중 지역차원의 정치안보구조에서 공동의 위기․위협의 존재로 긍정적 요인으로 나타나고 있으며, 동북아 신모델에서 위기 요소의 중요성이라는 것으로 반영된다.

The objective of this study is the evolving landscape of economic geography in Northeast Asia. The main components of the ASEAN way are stressing the virtue of self restraint adoption of consultation and consensus as a decision-making procedures, and using quiet diplomacy and third-party mediation to settle dispute. Only then, may we truly strive to materialize our vision of an "Integrated Northeast Asia", a "Network Notheast Asia", an "Open Northeast Asia", and a "Participatory Northeast Asia". With such open-mindedness, we may aspire for a new Northeast Asian area that flourishes th values of mutual trust, reciprocity, and symbiosis. The eight regions selected for analysis in the research are: Zujiang delta, Cangjiang delta and Jng-J region of china, Kanto, Knki and Cubu region of japan. In terms of purchasing power parity GDP, the Knto region is closely followed by Changjinag delta. The profile of individual economic regions indicates a strong tendency of industrial agglomeration. In fact, the central and regional governments associated with the eight economic regions have been promotions industrial cluster. The results of this study may be helpful for government to set policies to support for business and for academics and practitioner to analyze cooperation fund of industry.

Zhongyi village is located in the area of world-famous imperial family mausoleum QingXiling in Yi County in HeBei province .From the period of Emperor Yongzheng in QingDynasty ,a large amount of eight banners of the Manchu were sent to this place to guard the imperial mausoleum and gradually gathered to become villages .The lives for the descendents of them changed a lot with the history’s rise and decline. In this paper ,the author,make a general explain about the development of their economic situation, in the hope of providing some necessary help for solving the related questions about the rural economic development of Manchu.

河北省易县忠义村位于世界著名皇家陵寝清西陵陵区，从清朝雍正时期起，大量东北、 北京的满族八旗子弟被调往此处看守皇陵，并逐渐聚落成守陵村。随着历史的浮沉，满 族守陵人后裔的生活发生了巨大的变化，笔者在实地调查的基础上，对其经济生活的历 史沿革及其目前的状况进行了全面的阐述，希望对进一步探讨并解决河北满族农村经济 发展中相关问题提供一定的帮助。