Earticle

Sustainability of bank is a complex concept which includes a wide range of activities such as market share of the sector, structure of management, financial position, development and customer. The study aimed to put a unique rank for commercial banks in the way of analyzing financial and servicing position in Mongolia. The banking operation was evaluated through BFSR models of Moody agency on the data of financial statements of 2005-2013 in 11 commercial banks of Mongolia. The unique rank was set up through unique evaluation. The significance of the study was kept for providing customers with true idea about the banking services, realistic value of customers, consolidating sustainable position, developing strategy, providing data, and improving servicing quality. Evaluating methodology, which increases financial factors for evaluating banking sector in Mongolia, was developed as a result of this research work.

With the development of Internet technology, electronic commerce shows the vigorous vitality; along with the popularity of a mobile phone and network operator’s technology, electronic commerce began to develop online mode. According to the "2013 annual Chinese e-commerce market data monitoring report", until the December of 2013, trading in e-commerce market scale is 10.2 trillion yuan, grows 29.9% compared to the same period. The online retail market scale is 18851 billion yuan, a year-on-year growth of 42.8%. However, this data only accounted for 8.04% of the total retail sales of social consumer goods, while there are 91.96% lines which are waiting for developing. The biggest advantage of the O2O(online to offline) is it can be introduced the consumers to offline trading. The current O2O e-commerce in China is still in the initial stage of development, there are challenges and opportunities .If the network of electronic commerce and the entity shop retailers can seize the opportunity, and be acknowledged of what the consumers want and need, make full use of large data analysis, he will be successful. Firstly, this paper explains the purpose and significance of the topic, underlining the present internet background and the status of e-commerce in the Internet environment, analyzing the current situation O2O faces, besides, we give some analysis of the O2O mode and summarize the advantages of him. Secondly, through the analysis of 19e O2O, we find the problems in the process of its development. Then, through the example of 19e, we find the problem and deficiency in the development of Chinese O2O. Finally, we summarize it and give some expectations of the O2O’s development in the future.

본 논문에서는 2010년 중국 노동자들의 연쇄파업 이후의 중국 노동환경의 변화와 이러한 환경변화 에 대응하는 한국 외자기업들의 노무관리 방안을 분석하였다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 시스템이론과 전략적 선택이론을 중국 노사관계의 분석틀로 삼고, 문헌연구방법에 의하여 2010년 연쇄파업, 중국의 노동환경, 그리고 한국 외자기업의 노무관리를 분석하였다. 분석결과는 다음 과 같다. 첫째, 중국 노동자들의 요구사항은 다양화하고 있으며, 연쇄파업의 결과 다수의 기업에서 요 구사항을 관철하였다. 그리고 노사관계의 패러다임이 몇몇 노동자들의 개별적 노사관계로부터 집단적 노사관계로 전환되고 있다. 둘째, 중국 노사관계의 거시환경변화는 외자기업에 점점 더 큰 비용을 요구 하고 있으며, 미시환경변화는 외자기업에 점점 더 노동자의 권익을 존중할 것을 요구하고 있다. 셋째, 행위주체로서 농민공은 노동시장의 주역이 되었으며 꾸준히 증가하고 있다. 그러나 이들은 열악한 거 주환경, 최저임금, 사회보험의 미비로 도시의 빈민층을 형성하고 있다. 공회는 근로자의 불신을 받고 있지만, 중국 유일의 합법적 노동자 조직으로서 제 역할을 다 하려고 자체 개혁에 노력하고 있다. 중국 정부 및 지방정부는 노동보호정책을 강화하고 있지만, 노동운동이 반체제활동으로 나아가지 않도록 주 시하고 있다. 넷째, 한국 외자기업의 노무관리 방안은 다음과 같다. 한국기업들은 공장의 해외이전보다 는 내수확대를 위한 생산성 향상으로 방향을 잡고 노무관리를 강화하고 있다. 노무관리방안으로서 장 기근속과 성과급을 유도하는 적정임금, 적정 노동강도와 동기부여를 통한 이직률 감소 및 생산성향상 등 다양한 인력관리 방안이 제시되었다. 또한 공회가 노사관계의 신뢰받는 파트너가 될 수 있도록 지 원하고, 임금단체협상을 준수하고, 노동법규를 위반하지 않으며, 노무관리 시스템을 체계적으로 실행하 고, 다양한 방법으로 노사간 의사소통을 강화해야 함을 제시하였다. 그리고 현실 관행과 법률 규정의 격차가 큰 경우에는 노동자들의 의견도 참작하여 선도적으로 위법적인 사항들을 줄여나갈 필요가 있음 을 제시하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 한계와 기업별 노무관리 방안 모색시의 유의할 점을 제시하였다.

This study aims to explore the change of labor environment in china after the serial strikes of peasant workers in 2010, and the labor management of korean foreign investment enterprises to cope this environmental changes. To achive this objectives, The analytical tools such as system theory and strategic choice theory are used to analyze the industrial relations in china. With literature survey, the serial strikes in 2010, labor environment in china, and the labor management of korean foreign investment enterprises are analyzed. The results are as follows; First, the chinese laborer’s request have been varied and accepted in the many companies after the serial strikes. The paradigm of industrial relations are changing from individual to collective industrial relations. Second, the change of macro environment in chinese industrial relations requires more costs and the change of micro environment requires more respecting the laborer’s human rights. Third, peasant workers became the main actors in labor market and have been increasing. The peasant workers have become the urban poor with poor residence, minimum wages, no social security. The trade union of china with very little trust from workers tries to innovate itself to perform its roles as the only legal workers organization in china. The chinese government and local government fortifies the protection of worker’s rights, but also examines the labor movement not to be changed into anti-communist activities. Forth, The labor management of foreign investment enterprises are as followes; korean companies try to fortify the labor management towards maximizing the efficiency for increasing the domistic demands rather than the foreign transfer of factory. Various methods of labor management are suggested like appropriate wage system to enhance longer seniority and piece-rate wage, like appropriate labor intensity and motivation to decrease exit rate and to increase efficiency etc. Other methods are suggested like supporting the trade unions to become a trusted partner in industrial relations, complying with wage collective negotiation institutions, not violating the labor laws, executing the labor management systemically, and increasing the communications between labor and employer with various ways. And if there are big gaps between the general practices and regulations of law, employers should decrease voluntarily the illegal practices after reflecting the laborer’s opinions. Lastly, the limitations of this study and the tips in finding the appropriate labor management to the individual companies are suggeted.

MRO(Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul) industry is growing with the increase in the global aviation market. Especially considering the Chinese aviation market, MRO industry in the Asian region has a growth potential. In the Asian region, Singapore successfully developed the MRO industry ahead of South Korea. This success can be credited to A*STAR, a MRO company of Singapore. In this dissertation, an analysis of the successful cases of Singapore’s A*STAR was accomplished through the Aviation Technical Organization, development of the domestic MRO industry and Aviation R&D plan is proposed.