Earticle

Travel and tourism, which is called ‘non- smoked industry’ is now one of the largest industries in the world. For the last 50 years period international tourism in the entire world and in some of its regions has been influenced by many negative occurrences such as radical changes in climate, natural disasters like earthquakes or tsunami, the influenza A(H1N1) virus, HIV and avian flu, social conflicts and regional wars or terrorism. However, the tourism industry in most countries has shown its aptitude to overcome those problems and develop more rapidly. The development of international tourism has been characterized by continuing geographical spread and diversification of tourist destinations. Today tourism is a priority industry for not only developed countries but also many smaller nations around the world such as Mongolia in the belief that it will lead to economic growth. This paper discusses the current situation and development trends of the tourism in Mongolia in relation to Asian region and the rest of the world, accompanied by suggestions on how to improve the international tourism in Mongolia.

This paper reviews the theoretical background rationalizing investment incentives as a means of foreign direct investment (henceforth FDI) policy; and built an analytical framework for investment incentives system of the host country. With an application of the analytical framework, it then established a model for the investment incentives system of Mongolia; and examined the investment incentives system of Mongolia. Finally, it discusses about main observations of the study, and proposes alternatives on the investment incentives system of Mongolia.

General research and study works will match international standards and a geological formation of the country will be recognized fully, hence total reserves will be increased. Mineral sector develops from mine – enrichment to mine – processing and increase the processing level of production. Heavy industrial complexes will be established In 2015, production incomes will reach at least 5 bill. USD, and further increase Until 2015, new employment number reaches 20thousand and increase the nation’s income. In 2015, annual mining will be reach 60 million tons of ore in Oyu Tolgoi mine, and copper smelter with 500 thousand tons enrichment processing capacity will be build. In 2015, 15 million tons of coal mined and processed in the Tavan Tolgoi mine. In 2015, 6 million tons of iron ore will be mined and processed, 1.5 million tons steel production produced due to the development of ferrous metal complex based on estimated reserves in Darkhan and Selenge iron ore area. Due to implementation of major projects, infrastructure in local areas will be developed and living standards in rural areas will be increased.

Energy is an important part of national security. Northeast Asia has made great contribution to the development of world economy. In the paper, we aim to bring out practical energy cooperation strategies in Northeast Asia; therefore, we redefine the concepts “Northeast Asia” and “energy resource”. According to the new concepts, we analyzed the supply and demand status of energy cooperation in Northeast Asia and brought out cooperation suggestions, that is, according to the principle as “strategic mutually beneficial, complementary advantages, mutual benefit and win-win and common development”, conduct bilateral cooperation and also multilateral cooperation and finally all round cooperation. We also brought out running mechanism of energy cooperation and the working process of energy development.

Even though the Great Empire of Mongol`s had not only been historically great but also his contribution on the exchange of cultures between east and west in human history, their dietary culture have rarely been throughly studied and analysed. The later part of the 16th century, when Tibet Buddhism flew into Mongolia from Tibet, the politics, cultural, social, educational and living Especially, the Tibet Buddhism never prohibited the eating of meat, which accelerated adaptation Tibet Buddhism by mongorians. The tea drinking, which is one of the most important dietary culture of mongorians, whether it had been imported and widely adapted during Tang dynasty of Gingiskan era were not clear yet, however it seems clear that the Suta^icha, the tea which is boiled after including animal milk, was the influence from Tibet.

本文中论述了蒙古“红食”，即肉食，探讨与蒙古有关的肉食烹饪方式和蒙 古传统的烹饪方式并且把蒙古的饮食文化与其它国家的饮食文化进行，揭示出蒙古独特的生 活方式和生产方式。“饮食是人类生存的第一需要，是人类维持生存的决定性条件，但是食 什么，怎么食则在很大程度上取决于人类栖息地的自然地理环境”②作为蒙古游牧民，主要 的食物有奶制品和肉制品。通常情况下，蒙古人把肉类食品称为“红色食品”，红食主要是 冬天的食物；而有效地利用家畜奶制作而成的奶制品被统称为“白色食品”，白食主要是夏 天的食物。

This paper is presenting a snapshot at the efficiency issues that have been pertinent to the Mongolian economy since the start of its transition towards a free market economic system in the early nineties. Observing that, regardless of the swift market reforms undertaken by the Mongolian government at the beginning of the transition process and the surprisingly good initial conditions, the labor and factor productivity indices failed to demonstrate sustained growth, we are looking for several sources of inefficiency in the Mongolian economy that might be responsible for such stagnation. Namely, we are looking into the efficiency problems in Mongolia’s financial system, the mining sector taxation, and the public sector wage structure. We identify inefficiencies in all three, and suggest several policy implications that would help increase the productive efficiency in the Mongolian economy.

In 2009 volumes of bank crediting of a small business have increased in comparison with 2008 in 1,5 times, the volume of the allocated microcredits has increased in 2 times. For 2010 the problem is put to provide allocation for the enterprises of a small business and private business of credit resources in volume not less than 2,5 billion UzS, or with growth against 2009 in 1,4 times, volume of microcredits to increase to 420 billion UzS, or in 1,3 times. "Mikrokreditbank"’s primary activity is delivery of credits for formation of the starting capital, preferential microcrediting and microleasing for development of small business and private business. For today the total of branches and minibanks of “Mikrokreditbank” are 74 and 237 accordingly. Branches and minibanks of “Mikrokreditbank” are located and operate in all 14 regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Now microfinancing is intensively developing sphere of the financial services rendered both commercial banks, and the specialized microfinancial organizations for support and a sustainable development of services sphere;

본 연구에서는 몽골의 일반현황과 자원 현황을 살펴보고 이를 바탕으로 우리나라와의 협력방안을 모색해보고자 하였다. 몽골 광물자원의 특성은 채광이 쉬운 노천광이나 지표면에 가까운 얕은 광산으로 이루어져 있는 것이나, 문제는 광산까지의 접근성이 매우 어렵고 힘들다는 것이다. 즉, 몽골의 국내 인프 라 미비로 접근비용이 많이 소요됨에 따라 광물의 높은 채산성을 상쇄하는 현상이 발생하고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 몽골 광산에 대한 내부수익률이 높은 것으로 분석되고 있다. 최근 몽골 정부가 자원개발에 큰 기대를 걸고 있고 관련 인프라 구축에도 적극적인바, 장기적인 관점에서 볼 때 몽골의 자원개발에 대한 참여 가능성은 클 것으로 예측된다. 몽골의 자원외교의 필요성은 시간이 지날수록 높아지고 있어 양국간 협력관계 증진을 위해 보다 적극적인 자원 확보전략을 추진할 필요가 있다. 특히 몽골의 자원 분포 상황을 고려한다면 광물자원 개발만을 위한 진출은 경제성을 보장받을 수 없는바, 몽골의 인프라구축에 적극적으로 참여하는 방안을 통해 한몽간 자원개발의 협력을 도모할 수 있을 것이다.

The objective of this study is to analyze the resource cooperation in Korea and Mongolia. This study is based on analysis research on the basis of the cooperation theoretical research. Korea and Mongolia have rapidly developed cooperative relations in several fields such as culture and economy, facilitated by racial and cultural similarities, in spite of short period about 20 years. Mongolia traditionally recognizes Korea as 'Solronggoseu's country', and recognizes Korea as its main partner in Northeast Asian economic cooperation. Mongolia looks to the Korean experience as a model for its own economic development, and as such, the Mongolian government has established Korea as an important diplomacy target and is active in promoting relations with Korea. The results of this study may be helpful for government to set policies to support for firms and for academics and practitioner to analyze cooperation fund of firms.

컴퓨터의 발달은 사회 전반적인 변화와 동시에 CAD/CAM 등의 분야에 획기전인 발전을 가져왔다. 단순한 CAD/CAM 뿐만 아니라 CAE 등으로 응력해석, 간섭체크 및 시물레이션이 가능하고 FMS시스템으로 발전하여 로봇이나 자동화기계를 이용한 공장 자동화를 달성하였다. 한편 CIM시스템은 각종의 생산 분야를 통합하고 다시 영업, 유통 및 연구 분야의 시스템을 구축하여 종합 생산관리 시스템이 탄생하였다. 앞으로 PDM나 ERP시스템으로 확장되어 시장이나 재고 관리등이 모두 포함된 소위 기술, 경영의 통합을 통한 급진적인 발전이 예상되는 분야라고 생각된다.

A powerful CAD/CAM system with the "Save" crippled, for those who want to learn 3D modeling and part programming for milling or turning in a Windows environment. Also download the QuickStart Tutorial for milling and turning. The main features of CodeShark include G-Code programming wizards for tool start, drill start, bolt-circle, grid, pocket milling, thread milling, turn-facing, turn-roughing, serial number engraving. A CAD tool with DXF file import, tooling, trigonometry and unit conversion calculators. Other helpful options such as multiple machine configurations and G-Code analysis help optimise cutting strategies. CodeShark Lite however comes without the CAD integration or the programming wizards.